ENA Endocrine

A patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state is likely to have which laboratory test result? A. Normal blood pH B. Decreased serum bicarbonate level C. Low or normal serum sodium level D. Serum osmolarity less than 350 mOsm/L

A

For a patient with thyroid storm, the nurse should avoid giving which medication? A. Aspirin B. Propranolol (Inderal) C. Iodine D. Propylthiouracil

A

To appropriately treat a conscious patient with hypoglycemia, the nurse should select which item to provide roughly 10 to 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate? A. 5 or 6 Life Savers® candies B. 3 ounces of regular (not diet) soda C. 4 ounces of nonfat or low-fat milk D. ½ tube of Cake Mate® decorating gel

A

Which effect is associated with Cushing's syndrome? A. Delayed wound healing B. Hypotension C. Weight loss D. Hypoglycemia

A

Which endocrine gland is located near the third ventricle? A. Hypothalamus B. Pituitary gland C. Adrenal gland D. Thyroid gland

A

Which finding is associated with thyroid storm? A. Tremors B. Hypothermia C. Bradycardia D. Fatigue

A

Which intervention is indicated for a patient with alcoholic ketoacidosis? A. Thiamine administration B. Isotonic crystalloid administration C. Continuous regular insulin infusion D. Calcium chloride administration

A

A patient with Addison's disease is at risk for which endocrine emergency? A. Alcoholic ketoacidosis B. Graves' disease C. Adrenal crisis D. Cushing's syndrome

C

In geriatric patients, which dysrhythmia is associated with hyperthyroidism? A. Ventricular tachycardia B. Second-degree atrioventricular block C. Atrial fibrillation D. Junctional tachycardia

C

The pancreas secretes which substance? A. Antidiuretic hormone B. Calcitonin C. Glucagon D. Epinephrine

C

Which disorder may result from diabetic ketoacidosis treatment? A. Hyperkalemia B. Hyperglycemia C. Dysrhythmias D. Thrombus formation

C

Which intervention is indicated for treating central diabetes insipidus? A. Thiazide diuretic administration B. Aggressive volume replacement C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) replacement D. Hypertonic saline solution infusion

C

Which medication can precipitate hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism? A. Amitriptyline (Elavil) B. Furosemide (Lasix) C. Lithium (Lithobid) D. Ibuprofen (Motrin)

C

Which pathophysiologic change occurs in a patient with myxedema coma? A. Peripheral vasodilation B. Alveolar hyperventilation C. Decreased cardiac output D. Increased glomerular filtration rate

C

Hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef) is used to treat which endocrine emergency? A. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone B. Pheochromocytoma C. Myxedema coma D. Adrenal crisis

D

Which endocrine disorder is most frequently seen in the emergency department? A. Cushing's syndrome B. Alcoholic ketoacidosis C. Graves' disease D. Diabetes mellitus

D

Which factor can precipitate hypoglycemia? A. Decreased physical activity B. Diuretic use C. Increased intake of fatty foods D. Pancreatic tumor

D

Which finding should the nurse expect in a patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state? A. Diaphoresis B. Kussmaul respirations C. Fruity odor on the breath D. Severe dehydration

D

Which intervention is indicated to treat a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis? A. Continuous insulin infusion to decrease the blood glucose 100 to 150 mg/dL/hour B. Initial fluid resuscitation with 3 to 4 L of normal saline solution C. Administration of sodium bicarbonate D. Administration of 5% dextrose in normal saline (D5NS) solution for a glucose level of 250 to 300 mg/dL

D

In diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolarity causes which effect? A. Decreased urine glucose level B. Insulin resistance C. Blurred vision D. Increased risk of thrombosis

B

In which endocrine emergency is tongue edema a presenting sign? A. Thyroid storm B. Myxedema coma C. Diabetes insipidus D. Adrenal crisis

B

Patients with which disorder develop increased adipose tissue deposits on the upper back at the base of the neck (buffalo hump)? A. Thyroid storm B. Cushing's syndrome C. Myxedema coma D. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

B

The inadequate or impaired secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH [vasopressin]) causes which endocrine emergency? A. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone B. Diabetes insipidus C. Adrenal crisis D. Pheochromocytoma

B

When a stressor adversely affects a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which action occurs first? A. Increased serum osmolarity B. Gluconeogenesis C. Dehydration D. Urinary loss of water

B

Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone? A. Hypokalemia B. Hyponatremia C. Hypercalcemia D. Hyperglycemia

B

Which finding is associated with hyperthyroidism? A. Ileus B. Thinning hair C. Enophthalmos D. Periorbital ecchymosis

B

Which imbalance should the nurse expect in a patient with acute adrenal insufficiency? A. Hypocalcemia B. Hypoglycemia C. Hypernatremia D. Hypokalemia

B

Which medication is indicated for a patient with a pheochromocytoma? A. Dopamine (Intropin) B. Nitroprusside (Nitropress) C. Vasopressin (Pitressin) D. Hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef)

B

Which physiologic effect results from hypoglycemia? A. Metabolism of fats and muscle proteins B. Release of epinephrine C. Onset of lipolysis D. Onset of insulin resistance

B