Endocrine system - packet, pt. 1

parathyroid glands

4 small glands located within the thyroid

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, whereas exocrine glands release chemical substances through ducts, releasing outside the body.

What are the two main structural features of an endocrine gland?

Epithelial cells + capillary

What is the difference between steroid and non-steroid hormones?

Steroid hormones are all derived from cholesterol, and are able to pass through membranes due to their lipid solubility, however non-steroid hormones generally cannot pass through the cell membrane and instead bind to receptors at the surface of the membrane.

Hormones can be broadly classified as either _ hormones which are hydrophobic or _ hormones which are hydrophilic.

Steroid, non-steroid

kidneys

bean-shaped organs on lateral abdominal walls

thymus

bi-lobed gland located inferior to thyroid and anterior to heart

thyroid

bi-lobed gland surrounding trachea

pituitary

dangled from base of mid-brain

What are the major parts/components of an exocrine gland

duct, secretory portion

Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands primarily because exocrine glands have

ducts

What tissue is used to construct exocrine glands?

epithelial cells

Which tissue is used to construct endocrine gland?

epithelial cells

ovaries

found in females, located in pelvic cavity

Endocrine glands secrete substances called _____ directly into the ____

hormones, bloodstream

where do secretory cells of endocrine glands secrete their products?

into bloodstream

where do secretory cells of an exocrine gland secrete their products?

into ducts, then out of body

What is the general structure of steroid hormones?

lipids/fatty acids

pancreas

located in the medial portion of the abdominal cavity

testes

male sexual glands, located inside scrotum

example of modified amino acid hormone

norepinephrine

example of a protein hormone

oxytocin

example of peptide hormone

parathyroid hormone

hypothalamus

part of diencephalon of brain, superior to pituitary

Pineal gland

posterior to the diencephalon of the brain, near corpus callosum

adrenals

pyramidal glands on top of kidneys