Energy flow in ecosystems test
C
Which component of a stable ecosystem can not be recycled? A) oxygen B) water C) energy D) nitrogen
D
The final consumers in many food webs are A) autotrophs B) hosts C) herbivores D) carnivores
C
The greatest number of relationships between the organisms in an ecosystem is best shown in A) a food chain B) an energy pyramid C) a food web D) an ecological succession diagram
B
At each successive level from A to D, the amount of available energy A) increases, only B) decreases, only C) increases, then decreases D) remains the same
C
. The sequence that best illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem is A) sunlight plant wolf rabbit B) plant sunlight rabbit wolf C) sunlight plant rabbit wolf D) wolf rabbit plant sunlight
C
10. The first organism in most natural food chains is A) an herbivore C) photosynthetic B) a decomposer D) carnivorous
C
23. Which statement is best supported by the diagram below of the carbon-oxygen cycle? A) Decomposers add oxygen to the atmosphere and remove carbon dioxide. B) Combustion adds oxygen to the atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide. C) Producers generate oxygen and utilize carbon dioxide. D) Consumers generate oxygen and utilize carbon dioxide.
A
33. Species of animals that obtain food by consuming only autotrophic organisms are usually classified as A) herbivores B) decomposers C) scavengers D) omnivores
C
5. As a member of the ecological community, man must be classified as A) a producer C) a consumer B) a decomposer D) an autotroph
A
A carnivore in this desert community is represented by the A) lizard B) sage C) yeast D) desert rat
D
A continuous decrease in the size of the rabbit population would most likely cause a decrease in which other population? A) frog B) cricket C) grass D) mountain lion
B
A fruit fly is classified as a consumer rather than as a producer because it is unable to A) reproduce asexually B) synthesize its own food C) release energy stored in organic molecules D) remove wastes from its body
B
A manatee is a water-dwelling herbivore on the list of endangered species. If manatees were to become extinct, what would be the most likely result in the areas where they had lived? A) The biodiversity of these areas would not be affected. B) Certain producer organisms would become more abundant in these areas. C) Other manatees would move into these areas and restore the population. D) Predators in these areas would occupy higher levels on the energy pyramid.
C
A) They convert light energy into chemical energy. B) They carry out a food-making process, using inorganic raw materials. C) They break down dead organisms, releasing raw materials to the environment. D) They act as catalysts to speed up the energy flow between organisms.
Which would be the most likely effect of a drastic reduction in all the producer organisms in a meadow environment? A) The grasshoppers would multiply rapidly. B) The rabbit population would decrease. C) All of the snake populations would increase. D) All of the decomposers would die.
B
A
Carbon dioxide and oxygen are important resources in ecosystems and are A) recycled through the activity of living and nonliving systems B) stored in the animals of the ecosystem C) lost due to the activities of decomposers D) released by the process of photosynthesis
D
In 1859, a small colony of 24 rabbits was brought to Australia. By 1928, it was estimated that there were 500 million rabbits in a 1 million square mile section of Australia. Which statement describes a condition that probably contributed to the increase in the rabbit population? A) The rabbits were affected by many limiting factors. B) The rabbits reproduced by asexual reproduction. C) The rabbits were unable to adapt to the environment. D) The rabbits had no natural predators in Australia.
B
For a producer to maintain itself, which factor must be present in its environment? A) carnivores B) herbivores C) sunlight D) parasites
B
Horses are herbivores and, as a result, can be classified as A) omnivores B) primary consumers C) secondary consumers D) decomposers
B
In a certain ecosystem, rattlesnakes are predators of prairie dogs. If the prairie dog population started to increase, how would the ecosystem most likely regain stability? A) The rattlesnake population would start to decrease. B) The rattlesnake population would start to increase. C) The prairie dog population would increase rapidly. D) The prairie dog population would begin to prey on the rattlesnakes.
A
In the spring of 2010, there was a catastrophic explosion on an ocean oil drilling rig, causing millions of gallons of oil to be released into the Gulf of Mexico. Many organisms died due to the thick sludge in their habitat. However, in some organisms, such as shellfish, the oil stuck to tissues inside their shells. Which statement expresses a major concern of environmentalists about the accumulation of the oil in certain organisms in the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem? A) Larger organisms eat the shellfish and more chemicals will build up in their tissues. B) The shellfish will prevent other organisms from obtaining oil. C) Smaller organisms will be unaffected by the chemicals. D) Larger organisms will be less affected by the oil, because they can eat other organisms.
D
Most of the food and oxygen in the environment is produced by the action of A) saprophytic bacteria B) heterotrophic organisms C) aerobic protozoans D) autotrophic organism
C
One arctic food chain consists of polar bears, fish, seaweed, and seals. Which sequence demonstrates the correct flow of energy between these organisms? A) seals ® seaweed ® fish ® polar bears B) fish ® seaweed ® polar bears ®seals C) seaweed ® fish ® seals ® polar bears D) polar bears ® fish ® seals ® seaweed
B
The best explanation for the decrease in the amount of energy transferred to each succeeding level is that much of the energy is A) consumed by predators B) released as heat C) stored within inorganic materials D) used in photosynthesis
B
The energy for use by organisms in level A originally comes from A) producers B) the Sun C) level B D) level D
C
This ameba would most likely be classified as a A) decomposer B) producer C) consumer D) pathogen
D
This food chain contains Grass Cricket Frog Owl A) 4 consumers and no producers B) 1 predator, 1 parasite, and 2 producers C) 2 carnivores and 2 herbivores D) 2 predators, 1 herbivore, and 1 producer
D
Two herbivores found in this ecosystem are the A) fox and skunk B) grasses and trees C) woodpecker and hawk D) deer and rabbit
B
Vultures, which are classified as scavengers, are an important part of an ecosystem because they A) hunt herbivores, limiting their populations in an ecosystem B) feed on dead animals, which aids in the recycling of environmental materials C) cause the decay of dead organisms, which releases usable energy to herbivores and carnivores D) are the first level in food webs and make energy available to all the other organisms in the web
B
When brown tree snakes were accidentally introduced onto the island of Guam, they had no natural predators. These snakes sought out and ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. What probably occurred following the introduction of the brown tree snakes? A) The bird population increased. B) The insect population increased. C) The bird population began to seek a new food source. D) The insect population began to seek a new food source.
C
Which factor would most likely cause an increase in the number of frogs? A) an increase in the number of deer B) a decrease in the amount of grasses C) an increase in the number of snakes D) a decrease in the amount of trees
C
Which is a possible food chain sequence derived from this energy pyramid? A) sunfish algae great blue heron crustaceans B) great blue heron crustaceans algae sunfish C) algae crustaceans sunfish great blue heron
A
Which level contains organisms that carry out autotrophic nutrition? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
D
Which organisms are primary consumers? A) grass, mice, and hawks B) owls, snakes, and hawks C) seeds, grass, and shrubs D) songbirds, mice, and rabbits
D
Which organisms would most likely be found at level A? A) birds B) worms C) mammals D) algae
C
Which row in the chart below shows the substances represented by X and Y? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
C
Which statement best describes energy transfer in a food chain? A) Energy is transferred to consumers, which convert it into nitrogen and use it to make amino acid. B) Energy from producers is converted into oxygen and transformed to consumers. C) Energy from the Sun is stored by green plants and transferred to consumers. D) Energy is transferred to consumers, which use it to produce food.
C
Which two processes are responsible for keeping the percentage of atmospheric oxygen at relatively constant levels? A) circulation and coordination B) respiration and coordination C) respiration and photosynthesis D) photosynthesis and circulation