English 100 midterm

The securities and exchange commission outlaws

Any manipulative or deceptive device used to trade stocks

The identification of human gene is critical to

1. Early diagnosis of life-threatening disease.2.New ways to prevent illnesses 3. Development of drug therapies

genetically modified foods

1. Have increased crop yields, to help feed people. 2. Create uncertainties as to their long range effects in the natural environments in which they are grown. 3. Have been generally approved for safe consumption by the FDA

Social investors seek to eliminate from their investment portfolios companies that

1. Pollute the environment 2.Discriminate against employees 3. Make dangerous products like tobacco or weapons

government regulation sometimes

1. Prevent business from losing competitive position by imposing requirements equally on an entire industry 2. Places disproportionate burdens on small business 3. Diverts firm resource to compliance activities

Stockholder can sue a corporate officer

1. To enforce the payment of declared dividends, in a direct stockholder suit. 2 To enforce the right to review the corporate books, in a direct stockholder. 3. To enforce breach of the duty of care, when the board refuses to do so, in a stockholder derivative suit

Which of the following are not institutional investors

1. Union health and welfare funds 2. State employees pension funds 3 Mutual funds

sustainable development

Balance economic and environmental considerations

Corporate Social Responsibility means that a corporation should

Be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities, and their environment.

The privacy of digital customer information

Can never be assured, as security measures can usually be overcome by motivated skilled hacklers

Principles of the code of professional conduct of the American Institute of certified public accountants except

Due Process( 应该是Due care)

WTO aims to

Eliminate barriers to free among nations

The primary purpose of the International Monetary Fund is to

Exchange one currency for another

The iron law of responsibility says that

In the long run, those who do not use power responsibly will lose it.

This term describes sensors and actuators that are embedded in physical objects-from roadways to pacemakers and are linked through wired and wireless networks

Internet of things

Technological innovation has aided the spread of globalization by

Leveling the playing field and allowing all to participate on an equal footing in global commerce

Agency problem

Managers act in their own interest, rather than in the interest of shareholders

When undertaking social initiatives, a company

May sacrifice short-term profits

M-commerce is facilitated primarily by

Mobile or cell phones

The application of engineering to create materials on a molecular or atomic scale is

Nanotechnology

business executives find that a trusting, ethical relationship with a business partner is

Often essential in conducting business

A thin layer of gas that protects the earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun is

Ozone

A new imperative for government, business and society is to

Preserve the global commons and assure its continued use

The idea that companies have a continuing responsibility for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold is called

Product life responsibility

The theory of comparative advantage states that

Productivity rises more quickly when countries produce goods and services for which they have a natural talent

The Sarbanes Oxley Act

Prohibits an auditing firm from providing the same client

A firm that would like to develop a global supply chain would

Purchase raw materials, components, or supplies from sellers in other countries

The most successful global business in coming years will be those companies that

Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action.

The paramount duty of the board of directors of a public corporation is to

Select and oversee competent and ethical management to run the company

The most important step is taken toward improving ethical performance throughout the company when

Senior level managers signal to employees that they believe ethics is a high priority

life-cycle analysis involves

Collecting information regarding the lifelong environmental impact of a product, from extraction to disposal

A purchasing agent directing her company's orders to a firm from which she received a valuable gift, is an example of

Conflicts of interest

The costs of corporate social responsibility may ultimately the passed on to all of the following stakeholders except

Taxpayers, through higher taxes to support more social welfare programs.

The acceleration of globalization has been driven by

Technological innovation

The self reinforcing feature of technology means that

Technology acts as a multiplier to encourage is own faster development

The occupational safety and health act gives workers the right to a job

That is free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious injury

a number of European countries require companies to include employee members on their boards of directors, so

That their interests will be explicitly represented

The critical component in installing an effective ethics program is

The integration of various ethics safeguards into a comprehensive program

Enlightened self-interest

The notion that providing value to stakeholders is in a business's long run self-interest

A just or fair ethical decision occurs when

The rights of all affected are considered

enlightened

开明的

gross

总的

Retaliate

报复

monetary policy

货币政策

which if the following is not a legal right of stockholders?

To vote on who will become CEO

Regulation is often justified based on

Utilitarian and justice grounds

When the benefits of an action outweigh its costs, the action is considered ethically preferred according to

Utilitarian reasoning

The five types of stakeholders' power recognized by most experts are

Voting, economic, political, legal, and informational power.

A hijacked computer that can be remote- controlled by the attacker to respond to the attacker's command is called

Zombie

Labor standards are

the minimum requirements prescribed by existing laws governing labor

The core components upon which a company's ethical performance depends include

All

Since the mid 1950s the proportion of American workers represented by unions has

Decreased

Over time the role of the Chief information officer( CIO )

Has changed dramatically, becoming more integrated into the overall strategic direction of the firm

Modern corporations should be socially responsible because they

Have great power and influence in society

The loan policies of the world bank

Impose strict restrictions on debtor countries which can sometimes lead to hardship