english II unit 3 quiz 1 and 2

frugal - thrifty; wise with money or resources

My father was frugal with money during the year, so we could have *expensive* vacations each year.

lucid - clear; easily understood

The patient was lucid after surgery, now that she was totally *awake*.

-able, -ible

able to be, can be done (adjective) (notable, dismissible)

-ion, -tion, -ation, -ition

act, process (noun)

-ment

action or process (noun)

-ive, -ative, -itive

adjective form of a noun

re-

again, back (refer)

suffix

an affix that is added at the end of the word

allured

attracted

-ly

characteristic of (adverb)

What does the narrator set out to do before he slips and falls?

counts out the dimensions of the dungeon

min

little, small (minimum)

tumultuous

loud

The narrator observes that the swing of the pendulum gets each time.

lower

prostate

lying flat on the ground

homo

same (homozygote)

dic, dict

say, speak (diction)

context

the words, phrases, and sentences surrounding a word

One reason for developing and expanding your __________ is that it helps you to increase your reading comprehension.

vocabulary

The _____ of the dungeon begin moving inward, pushing the narrator toward the pit.

walls

-less

without (adjective)

-ful

full of (adjective)

-al, -ial, -ical

having characteristics of (adjective)

-ed

past-tense verb

astra, astro

star (astronomy)

-ity, -ty

state of (noun)

mutable - constantly changing; able to change

Precipitation is a mutable substance that *changes* with the weather.

Tim could not keep the smiles from his face; however, he couldn't help but notice his little brother's *dejected* demeanor.

contrast, sad

Although the young man was free-spirited and almost rebellious, his *austere* father required him to follow many rules.

contrast, strict

treacherous

dangerous

Review the painting (View of Toledo by El Greco). Select all the similarities between the painting and the short story.

dark, foreboding

abyss

deep pit; chasm

The setting is a ______________ in Toledo, Spain, during the Inquisition.

dungeon

geo

earth (geology)

Many slaves were successful in escaping to the North because of abolitionists who were willing to *abet* them by hiding them in their houses.

example, help; aid

The young man had learned many *deferential* manners from his mother, such as always opening the door for ladies.

example, polite

swooned

fainted

The dungeon the man is in overlooks a dark forest that seems to terrify the man.

false

When the man dreams, he imagines his loved ones in a calm place. The dream ends up assuaging the man's fears.

false

in-, im-

in, into, near, toward (infield, import)

cide, cis

kill, cut (scissors)

insuperable

large

bio

life (biology)

After the narrator awakens from his drugged sleep, in what dangerous circumstance does he find himself?

on a wood frame

over-

over, above (overcharge)

vid, vis

see (video)

spec, spect

see, examine (specimen)

How is the narrator finally saved a the end of the story?

someone's arm catches him

phon

sound (telephone)

What is the "most hideous of fates" the narrator refers to in the last sentence of this paragraph?

to be buried alive

de-

to do the opposite, remove, away from, down (decrease)

The narrator sees an image of Father Time on the ceiling of the prison.

true

averted

turned away

inevitably

unavoidably

sub-

under, below (submarine)

mis-

wrongly (misjudge)

comparison

The sentence points out the similarities between a word or concept and a more familiar word or concept. They may use such words or phrases as: as, as if, like, also, similar to, in the same way, or likewise. Example: The ballerina displayed great *agility*, *as if she had been dancing since the moment she was born.*

contrast

The sentence shows the differences between an unfamiliar word and a familiar one, using words or phrases such as: unlike, but, however, although, on the other hand, or on the contrary. Example: *Unlike her dull sister*, she felt herself to be a *dynamic* person.

pseudo

false (pseudonym)

phob

fear (hydrophobia)

ped

foot (pedal)

What best describes the mental state of of the narrator at the beginning of the story?

frightened

ced, cess

go, withdraw (procedure)

crac, crat

govern (democratic)

dem

people (democracy)

mono

single, one (monogram)

related forms

Two related noun forms, acclaimer and acclamation, are listed.

-y

characterized by, consisting of, or inclined toward (adjective)

-ness

state of, condition of (noun)

under-

under, below (undernourished)

affix

a word part that can be added to a root to change or add to its meaning

super-

above (superscript)

trans-

across (transfer)

prefixes

added to the beginning of a root

biblio

book (bibliography)

fract

break (fracture)

struct

build, form (instruct)

port

carry (portable)

Since Anne knew that her presents were hidden in her closet, she found it increasingly difficult to ignore her *piqued* curiosity.

cause and effect, excited

Tina felt *compunction* over the way she had yelled at her friend, so she wrote her a note of apology.

cause and effect, guilt

en-, em-

cause to, put into, in, make (encode, embrace)

What happens to the narrator as he explores the dungeon?

he trips

aud, audio

hear (audience)

non-

not (nonsense)

indistinctly

not clearly

un-

not, against, opposite (unnoticeable)

dis-

not, opposite (distract)

in-, im-, il-, ir-

not, opposite, reverse, away from (injustice, impossible, illegal, irresponsible)

definitions

The primary definition is listed first. An example sentence is given to demonstrate the use of this word. Two definitions are given for the verb form of the word, and one definition is given for the noun form.

pronounciation

The pronunciation is listed directly after the word. There are two parts to the pronunciation, indicating that the word contains two syllables. The first syllable is the /ə/ sound, also known as the schwa sound. It is the /uh/ sound, heard in words like about (first syllable) and was. The second syllable is accented, showing that it is the stressed syllable. The long a sound is shown in the symbol /ā/.

Instead of a light shower as the weatherman predicted, we prepared for a *deluge*.

contrast, flood; downpour

pre-

before (precede)

mis, mit

send (mission)

auto

self (automatic)

scrib, scrip

write (inscription)

semi-

half, partial (semicircle)

logy

study of (biology)

part of speech

The word acclaim is a verb. In the entry, vt. stands for transitive verb, meaning that the verb takes an object. An intransitive verb would be labeled vi.

word origin

The word origin, or etymology, is listed next. The < symbol indicates that the word comes from classical Latin, indicated by the L. The word acclaim is formed from prefix ad-, meaning to, plus the root word clamare, meaning to cry out. As you can see, the word acclaim is similar to its origin, but the spelling has changed over the years.

fore-

before, in front of (forecast)

-er

comparative

-ic

having characteristics of (adjective)

-en

made of (adjective) , cause to become (verb)

-er, -or, -ar

one who (noun)

-s, -es

plural noun, present tense verb

-ous, -eous, -ious

possessing the qualities of (adjective)

-ing

present participle verb form, gerund

-est

superlative

etymology

the derivation or origin of a word

cause and effect

The sentence shows the relationship between a result and a reason using words like: because, since, when, consequently, as a result, or therefore. Example: *As a result of misbehaving during class*, the boys were under *duress* and were not allowed to go outside for recess.

example

The sentence uses an example after the word you do not know, using phrases like: such as, like, as if, for example, especially, or including. Example: The little chicken was full of *drivel*, such as, *"The sky is falling!"*

cred

believe (credible)

inter-

between (interview)

mid-

middle (midday)

dec, deca

ten (decade)

root

the base part of a word, the part that carries the primary meaning of the word

restatement or description

The sentence defines or describes the unknown word or uses another word close to it to hint at its meaning. A text may use words such as the following to indicate the definition or related word: or, which is, that is, in other words, also known as, or also called. Example: The man worked *dexterously*, or *skillfully with his hands*, making the work look easy.

anti-

against (antifreeze)

proximity

closeness

_______ clues are words and phrases in a sentence or paragraph that can help a person determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word.

context

How does this accident actually save his life?

he finds the pit

meter

measure (thermometer)

The *lurid* tales were full of exceptionally dreadful and somewhat shocking details.

restatement or description, dreadful; shocking

Tim could not keep the smiles from his face; however, he couldn't help but notice his little brother's dejected *demeanor*.

restatement or description, facial appearance

Rather than passing on his inheritance to his sons as they had expected, Mr. Geribaldi *bequeathed* all his money to charity.

restatement or description, pass on; hand down

Mary looked around at the *pristine* kitchen, wondering who had taken the time to clean.

restatement or description, very clean

micro

small (micoscopic)

How does the narrator escape the swing of the pendulum?

the rats help him