Environmental Science

Unlike a predator in relation to its prey, a parasite does not usually _________ its host.

Kill

Which of the following is not an example of exponential growth?

A bank account that earns interest

Which of the following is one of the main properties used to describe a population?

A number of individuals

An example of a population is

All maple trees in a forest

Which of the following statements is correct?

An organism's habitat is a location

What are estuaries?

Are ecosystems where both fresh water and salt water are present

Growth rates for different parts of the world vary depending on the level of development of the region. Which region is experiencing the biggest increase in population?

Asia

Plankton from the ___________ of the marine food web.

Base

Barnacles are a type of ____________________, or bottom-dwelling, organisms.

Benthos

A population's growth rate is its _____________ rate minus its ____________ rate.

Birth, death

A robin that does not affect the tree in which it nests is an example of

Commensalism

A type of interaction between two species in which both species are harmed is __________.

Competition

A population's __________ density is the number of its members per unit area or per volume.

Density

The number of wild horses per square kilometers in a prairie is the horse populations __________

Density

Swamps are commonly found on

Flat, poorly drained land

Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?

Modern age

Which factors contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?

More food, better hygiene

Estuaries are very productive ecosystems because they receive fresh nutrients from:

Rivers and oceans

The amount of dissolved salts in water is known as ________________.

Salinity

The water in salt marshes is saltier than the water in __________ marshes.

Salt

Which ecosystem has the highest level of salinity?

Salt marsh

The majority of marine animals are found in

Shallow, coastal waters

The types of organisms found in a pound or lake depend on

The amount of sunlight available, the temperature of the water, and the presence of nutrients

An estuary functions as a mineral trap due to

The mixing action of river water and ocean water

Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of

The secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals

Each of the following is an example of a parasite except

a cow in a pasture

In the __________ zone life is diverse and abundant

littoral

A true statement about parasitism is that parasites

may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators

Fish are a type of ________ or free swimming, organisms

nekton

Three groups of aquatic organisms include plankton, ____________________, and benthos.

nektos

A species' _______ includes that species' physical home, the environmental factors necessary for that species' survival, and all its interactions with other organisms.

niche

Marshes are dominated by ____________________ plants while swamps contain mainly ____________________ plants.

nonwoody, woody

In estuaries, fresh water and salt water mix, forming a ___________ trap.

nutrient

Because birth rates have begun to fall, Earth's population will

stabilize somewhere around 9 billion by 2050

A females dog's niche includes all of following except

the neighbor's enclosed yard

The density of a population is

the number of individuals per unit area

The organisms in a cow stomach have a constant source of food, the organisms help the cow break down and use the grass it eats. This type of relationship is an example of ______________.

Mutualism

The relationship between acacia trees and the ants that live on them is an example of

Mutualism

A population has a ____________ growth rate when the death rate is higher than the birth rate.

Negative

A liver fluke is a ______________ usually only weakens it's host while a ____________ predator usually kills its prey.

Parasite, predator

Most of the food in aquatic ecosystems is produced by ________.

Phytoplankton

Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?

Phytoplankton

The type of interaction between cats and mice is _______________.

Predation

Which of the following statements explains why the growth of orchids on the high branches of tropical trees is an example of commensalism?

The trees are neither benefited nor harmed

Why doesn't photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?

There is no sunlight

The difference between a predator and a parasite is that a predator

Usually kills and eats it's prey

Corals live only in shallow, ________ water where there is enough light for photosynthesis

Warm

As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become

Wider, slower, and warmer

A species of plant has exponential growth after it is introduced into an area where it has never lived. Which statement best describes exponential growth?

Within a few years the population increases dramatically.

Professionals who study and make predictions about human populations are called

demographers

If a pair of mice finds a place to live with plenty of food and no predators, the population of mice will probably undergo ____________________ growth.

exponential

A population pyramid is created by

graphing the distribution of ages in a population at a specific time

The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by

lack of clean water

What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos?

one swims freely and the other lives attached to a hard surface

Two types of plankton are microscopic plants called ___________ and microscopic animals called ___________.

phytoplankton, zooplankton

The relationship between a Canadian lynx and a snowshoe hare is an example of

predator and prey

Mosses use ___________ to anchor themselves to rocks near churning river headwaters

rhizoids