Environmental Unit 7 Test (Ch. 16-17) Review

Over the past three decades, China's per capita carbon dioxide emissions rate exceeded that of the United States, meaning that the average Chinese citizen contributes more to climate change than any other citizen on Earth.

False

Reducing CFC use has had no effect on restoring the stratospheric ozone layer.

False

Switching from coal to natural gas will not slow global climate change.

False

What role do oceans play in moderating climate change?

Oceans remove about 25% of the atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by humans.

In 2000, delegates from 122 countries completed a global treaty to control ___ that persist in the environment and is/are known to concentrate in the fatty tissues of humans

POP's

In primary recycling waste products are converted into new and different products.

False

Waste reduction and pollution prevention are the best and cheapest ways to deal with solid and hazardous waste.

True

Which type of waste can homeowners recycle in their backyards as compost?

Vegetable food scraps

Refusing, reducing and reusing are ___ approaches to tackling solid waste problems

Waste prevention

The progress in reducing the ozone depletion problem could be set back by the projected

climate change

Which of the following is NOT a geo-engineering proposal?

erect giant nets to trap carbon dioxide

Which statement about the cap and trade program for emissions is FALSE?

All polluters must stop polluting

The Basel Convention was designed to ____.

Ban the shipping of hazardous waste to or through other countries without their permission.

Denmark, Finland and the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island have banned all ____ that cannot be reused.

Beverage containers

In nature, the waste outputs of one organism can become the nutrient inputs of another organism, so that all of Earth's nutrients are endlessly recycled. Applying this concept to industry and manufacturing is called ____.

Biomimicry

The primary way in which the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be increased is by

Burning fossil fuels

Satellite data and other measurements and models indicate that 75-85% of the observed ozone losses in the stratosphere since 1976 resulted from people releasing ___ and other ozone depleting chemicals into the troposphere beginning in the 1950s

CFC's

The average concentration of ___ in the atmosphere has risen by 38% between 1880 and 2015

Carbon Dioxide

The fastest growing source of solid waste in the world is ___.

Electronics

What is a feasible way that governments can encourage reuse and recycling?

Governments can increase subsidies and tax breaks for reusing and recycling

What is likely the most effective way to reduce acid deposition?

Implement prevention approaches that reduce or eliminate emissions

In the United States almost two-thirds of all liquid hazardous wastes are ____

Injected into deep disposal wells

Which approach do most analysts recommend for addressing waste problems?

Integrated waste management

Recycling, reusing and composting create six to ten times as many ___ as landfills and waste incineration.

Jobs

Which of the following is making the greatest contribution to rising sea levels?

Melting land based ice

Which of the following is a votive organic compound?

Methane

What secondary pollution is produced when sunlight interacts with VOC's and NOx released from vehicle exhaust?

Photochemical Smog

___ is a technology that uses arcs of electricity in the absence of oxygen to produce very high temperatures for vaporizing trash

Plasma gasification

It can take 400 to 1,000 years to break down ___ that end up in landfills or the ocean.

Plastic bags

Melting Arctic sea ice can accelerate atmospheric warming by

Reflecting less light from Earth's surface

What important form of natural capital has allowed human civilization to grow over the past 10,000 years and now appears to be changing rapidly?

Relatively stable climate

Which of the following is NOT a tipping point for climate change?

Rise of atmospheric nitrogen

Contaminated water called leachate from ___ can pollute groundwater.

Sanitary landfills

What is a disadvantage of cap and trade policies?

The revenues are not predictable

The two main types of hazardous waste are organic compounds and ___

Toxic heavy metals

The correct sequence of layers of the atmosphere from innermost to outermost is:

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

A cell phone discarded in the United States can cause a person processing it in China, India or Africa to suffer negative consequences if it is not handled properly.

True

A major tipping point is for the atmospheric carbon level to reach over 450 ppm.

True

A problem with geo-engineering is that it will not necessarily discourage the use of fossils fuels.

True

At one time, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana had 150 glaciers, but only 25 remained in 2015.

True

Because of a lack of regulations, an estimated 82% of children younger than age 6 in Guy suffer from lead poisoning as a result of e-waste recycling.

True

Nitrogen Oxide can combine with water in the atmosphere and form nitric acid, one of the components of harmful acid deposition.

True

Perpetual storage should be the last resort for dealing with hazardous wastes.

True

The effects of a rapid change in Earth's climate are projected to occur during your lifetime.

True

Climate change is a change in average atmospheric temperature over a period at at least three

decades

Photochemical smog is characteristic of urban areas with

many vehicles and a climate that is warm, dry, and sunny

Climate change is least likely to result in

more moderate weather

Which category includes all of the following: food wastes, cardboard, cans, bottles, yard wastes, furniture, plastics, metal, glass and e-waste?

municipal solid waste

The most widely used method of dealing with hazardous waste is burial because ___.

of its relatively low cost

Photochemical smog forms as a result of chemical reactions among VOC's, NOx, heat and

sunlight