ENVSCI Edward Laws Exam 2

chapter 3 : Which one of the following is the definition of a biome?

A large area of Earth's surface that shares climate and has similar vegetation

chapter 10 In which one of the following states is groundwater not being withdrawn faster than it is being naturally replenished?

Florida

chapter 6 : Hardening of urban streams in the name of flood control is an example of which one of the letters of the acronym HIPPO?

H

chapter 9 : Which one of the following millennium development goals has been achieved?

Have halted, by 2015, and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS

chapter 9 : Which one of the following is the major cause of mortality in the least developed countries of the world?

Communicable diseases

chapter 14 Which one of the following energy policies would not directly impact use of natural gas and oil?

Corporate tax rebates for installation of integrated gasification combined cycle power plants

chapter 13 Which one of the following is not a technique used in integrated pest management?

Cosmetic spraying

chapter 13 Which one of the following has been shown to most adversely affect the reproduction of birds?

DDE

chapter 10 On which of the following continents is more water used for industrial purposes than for agriculture?

Europe

chapter 11 Which of the following are two of the negative aspects of no-till agriculture?

May increase the effects of pests that remain in crop residues and requires use of herbicides Feedback

chapter 11 Which one of the following is the best soil for agriculture?

Mollisol

chapter 11 What is the principal reason that western rangelands in the United States produce less than half the livestock forage that they did in the early 19th century?

Overgrazing

chapter 8 : The fertility rate in Burkino Faso has exceeded the replacement rate for many years and is currently about 5.1. if the fertility rate were to suddenly drop to the replacement rate, why would the population of Burkino Faso continue to increase?

Population momentum

chapter 1 : Which one of the following is not one of the vital concepts that move societies toward a sustainable future?

Security

chapter 15 In a nuclear power plant fueled with uranium-235, what is the purpose of the moderator?

Slow neutrons

chapter 10 Global warming during the 21st century is expected to

Speed up the hydrologic cycle and slow the thermohaline circulation of the ocean

chapter 11 Which one of the following terms is used to characterize the arrangement of soil particles in clumps and aggregates?

Structure

chapter 2 : Most national wealth is ___________.

intangible capital

chapter 12 The three principal greenhouse gases emitted as a result of agricultural activities are

methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide

chapter 14 Most electric power plants built in the United States since 2000 use which one of the following sources of energy?

natural gas

chapter 14 Which one of the following sources of energy is not used by electric power plants that generate electricity by boiling water?

natural gas

chapter 16 Electricity produced by which one of the following is not an example of green power?

natural gas

chapter 5 : In regions where various types of vegetation coexist and compete, periodic fires do not tip the balance in favor of

oak trees

chapter 5 : Terrestrial biomes are groups of ecosystems characterized by similar types of

plants and climate

chapter 15 Which one of the following is the greatest source of exposure to radiation for people in the United States?

radon gas in average house

chapter 10 Which one of the following is not an example of blue water?

rainwater taken up by plants

chapter 12 Approximately what percentage of the world's croplands are used to feed domestic animals?

33%

chapter 8 : In hypothetical country A, everyone dies when they reach the age of 60. In hypothetical country B, which has a better health care system, everyone dies when they reach the age of 80. If the total population of both countries is stable, what percentage of the total population would you expect to be in the age group 21-40 years inclusive?

33% in country A and 25% in country B

chapter 4 : A population is growing exponentially with a doubling time of 10 years. If the size of the population now is 50, what will be the size of the population 30 years from now?

400

Geothermal power plants provide electricity for __________ people in the United States.

5 million

The amount of biomass on successive trophic levels in a food chain forms a pyramid in which the biomass on trophic level N+1 is only 20% of the biomass on trophic level N. If pesticide P is transferred from one trophic level to the next with 100% efficiency, what will be the concentration of P on trophic level 5 if the concentration of P on trophic level 2 is 4 parts per million (ppm)?

500 ppm

chapter 14 Which one of the following countries has the lowest per capita energy consumption?

China

chapter 15 The country with the greatest number of nuclear power plants under construction is

China

chapter 9 : Which one of the following statements describes what happens when countries pass through the fertility transition?

The dependency ratio decreases and then increases

chapter 8 : Which one of the following statements is true?

The epidemiologic transition has preceded the fertility transition

Chapter 1: The 1854 cholera outbreak near Broad Street in London came to an end when

The handle was removed from the Broad Street pump

chapter 8 : Which one of the following countries has the shortest life expectancy?

United States

chapter 15 Which one of the following reasons does not contribute to the fact that the cost of producing electricity at nuclear power plants is greater than the cost of producing electricity with fossil fuels?

The lifetimes of nuclear power plants have turned out to be longer than expected

C 9 : Which one of the following statements is not true about the Grameen Bank?

The loans have been found to have the greatest social benefits when focused on men

chapter 8. The population profile of a hypothetical country is shown below. The vertical axis is age, and the lower and upper dashed lines correspond to ages of 15 and 65, respectively. The horizontal axis indicates the number of males (blue) and females (pink) in the population. This population profile indicates which one of the following:

The population is decreasing

chapter 7 : Which one of the following reasons accounts for the fact that timber sales from national forests in the United States declined by about 80% during the 1990s?

The strategy of managing the forests changed: trees are now harvested at much longer time intervals.

chapter 16 The two countries that account for the greatest amount of ethanol production as a fuel are

USA and Brazil

chapter 12 Which one of the following countries has the largest area of arable land?

United States

chapter 14 Carbon dioxide emissions by which one of the following countries have decreased since 2005?

United States

An artesian aquifer can be contaminated by

a leak in a pipe used for deep well injection of liquid wastes

chapter 12 Which one of the following sources of calories in the human diet requires the greatest amount of land per calorie to produce?

beef

chapter 13 The principal concern with the use of neonicotinoid insecticides is their adverse effects on _________.

bees

chapter 12 Golden rice is a cultivar of rice that was genetically modified to address problems associated with diets that are deficient in vitamin A. Golden rice is enriched with which one of the following?

beta carotene

chapter 10 Roughly 99% of crop irrigation globally is done by

flood irrigation and center pivot methods

chapter 16 Biodiesel is a fuel made from a mixture of normal diesel fuel and oil from

soybeans