EOY anatomy

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(an) _____. A. anatomist. B. physiologist. C. chemist. D. biochemist.

B. physiologist.

The joints between the vertebrae of the backbone are best described as ________. A. immovable B. slightly movable C. fibrous D. freely movable

B. slightly movable

Cardiac muscle is found in the wall of the _____. A. Urinary bladder B. Blood vessels C. Heart D. Stomach E. intestines

C. Heart

The urinary bladder is located in which abdominopelvic region? A. Epigastric B. Umbilical C. Pubic D. Inguinal

C. Pubic

The stomach is an example of which organizational level? A. molecule B. organelle C. tissue D. organ

D. organ

The ears are lateral to the eyes. True False

False

A skeletal muscle fiber contains many nuclei. True False

True

Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces within a joint. True False

True

The dermis is made of epithelial tissue. True False

True

The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture and production of body heat. True False

True

Usually epithelial tissues do not have blood vessels. True False

True

These specialized cells, which are found in many connective tissues types, contain large amounts of lipid: A. Adipocyte B. Chondroblast C. Fibrocyte D. Osteoblast

A. Adipocyte

Which of the following is a normal response to excess loss of body heat in a cold environment? A. Dermal blood vessels constrict B. Sweat glands become inactive C. Skeletal muscles contract involuntarily D. Less blood flows to dermal vessels E. All of these

A. Dermal blood vessels constrict

These glands, which have no ducts, secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream ______. A. Endocrine B. Exocrine C. Merocrine D. Apocrine

A. Endocrine

Articular cartilage is _________. A. Hyaline cartilage B. Fibrocartilage C. Elastic cartilage

A. Hyaline cartilage

Cervical vertebrae can be distinguished from other types by the presence of ________. A. Transverse foramina B. Transverse processes C. Intervertebral discs D. Articulating processes

A. Transverse foramina

Which of the following is NOT included in the appendicular skeleton? A. Vertebral column B. Pectoral girdle C. Pelvic girdle D. Lower limbs

A. Vertebral column

The zygomatic arch is composed of processes of the ______. A. Zygomatic and temporal bones B. Zygomatic and maxilla bones C. Maxilla and temporal bones D. Temporal and parietal bones

A. Zygomatic and temporal bones

Observing how bones of the arm differ in shape from bones of the leg is a study in _____________. A. anatomy B. physiology C. cytology D. histology

A. anatomy

The structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity is the _____. A. diaphragm B. liver C. mediastinum D. small intestine

A. diaphragm

These joints have no joint cavity and exhibit little or no movement: A. fibrous B. cartilaginous C. synovial

A. fibrous

Exposure to ultraviolet light darkens the skin by stimulating production of _________. A. melanin B. hemoglobin C. melatonin D. carotene

A. melanin

These sweat glands are responsible for cooling the body __________. A. merocrine (eccrine) B. apocrine C. ceruminous D. Sebaceous

A. merocrine (eccrine)

Which of the following bones is NOT included within the lower limb? A. patella B. fibula C. tibia D. ulna

A. patella

In the list below, which displays the highest organizational level of complexity? A. respiratory system B. heart C. cellular organelles D. tissues

A. respiratory system

Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism? A. shivering in response to a drop in body temperature B. increasing body temperature during exercise C. decreasing body temperature during prolonged exposure to cold conditions D. dehydration from lack of water intake

A. shivering in response to a drop in body temperature

The human integumentary system includes ___________. A. skin, nails, hair follicles, and glands B. just the skin C. the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer D. muscles and bones E. skin, hooves, and horns

A. skin, nails, hair follicles, and glands

When a body is in the anatomical position, it is A. standing erect with the face forward palms up B. standing erect with face turned to the side C. lying on the back with the face forward D. standing erect with the upper limbs reaching over the head

A. standing erect with the face forward palms up

An organ contains ___________. A. two or more tissues grouped together that function together B. one variety of each of the four types C. at least four tissues grouped together that function together D. all one type of tissue

A. two or more tissues grouped together that function together

Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of _____. A. Adipose tissue B. Dense connective tissue C. Muscle tissue D. Areolar tissue E. Epithelial tissue

B. Dense connective tissue

Sebaceous glands are an example of this kind of gland in which the entire cell becomes part of its secretion _____. A. Endocrine B. Holocrine C. Apocrine D. Merocrine

B. Holocrine

Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of endochondral bone? A. Hyaline cartilage develops into the shape of the future bone B. Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue C. Osteoblasts deposit compact bone beneath the periosteum D. Periosteum forms from connective tissue on the outside of the developing bone

B. Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue

Bones that develop within sheetlike layers of connective tissue is called __. A. Endochondral bone B. Intramembranous bone C. Cartilaginous bone D. Osteoclastic bone

B. Intramembranous bone

A nail consists of a ___________. A. Nail fork and nail spoon B. Nail bed and nail plate C. Nail rail and nail groove D. Nail follicle and nail papilla

B. Nail bed and nail plate

The tissue through which gasses are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs is ______. A. Stratified squamous B. Simple squamous C. Simple cuboidal D. Simple columnar

B. Simple squamous

This tissue, which makes up the skin, serves as a barrier to infection, protection against abrasion and water loss: A. Transitional B. Stratified squamous C. Stratified columnar D. Pseudostratified columnar

B. Stratified squamous

Which of the following describes the female pelvis compared to that of the male? A. The distance between the female ischial tuberosities is less B. The distance between the female ischial spines is greater C. The female pelvic cavity is narrower D. The female coccyx is less movable

B. The distance between the female ischial spines is greater

Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury because ________. A. Cartilage cells cannot divide B. The intercellular matrix is semisolid C. Cartilage tissues lack direct blood supplies D. Cartilage cells are surrounded by fluids

B. The intercellular matrix is semisolid

This gland is involved with the production of body odor ________. A. merocrine (eccrine) B. apocrine C. ceruminous D. Sebaceous

B. apocrine

Which of the following directly cause the changes in the internal environment needed to maintain homeostasis? A. receptors B. effectors C. setpoint D. Intracellular fluid E. positive feedback

B. effectors

The appendix is contained in the ____. A. left upper quadrant B. left lower quadrant C. right upper quadrant D. right lower quadrant

B. left lower quadrant

The epidermis is made of this tissue ___________. A. loose connective tissue B. stratified squamous epithelium C. dense irregular connective tissue D. adipose

B. stratified squamous epithelium

This layer of skin replaces older cells that desquamate with newer cells by mitosis _____________. A. stratum granulosum B. stratum basale C. stratum lucidum D. stratum corneum

B. stratum basale

What is the function of the body of a vertebra? A. Provide passage for the spinal cord to the brain B. Cushion and soften forces generated by the body on the spine C. Allow for structural support of the head and trunk D. Provide passage for spinal nerves

C. Allow for structural support of the head and trunk

Of the items listed, which is not required from the environment for the maintenance of life? A. water B. food C. Carbon dioxide D. pressure E. heat

C. Carbon dioxide

A basement membrane anchors ______. A. Muscle tissue to nervous tissue B. Connective tissue to muscle tissue C. Epithelial tissue to connective tissue D. Brain tissue to nervous tissue

C. Epithelial tissue to connective tissue

Which of the following is not one of the four basic types of body tissues? A. Epithelial tissue B. Connective tissue C. Eye tissue D. Muscle tissue E. Nervous tissue

C. Eye tissue

Which of the following causes conditions in the body to move away from the normal state? A. Negative feedback B. homeostasis C. Positive feedback D. Setpoint

C. Positive feedback

Which of the following terms and descriptions are correctly paired? A. extension-bending the leg at the knee or decreasing the angle between the femur and tibia B. Adduction-lifting the upper limb horizontally to form a right angle with the side of the body or moving a part away from the midline C. Pronation-turning the hand so the palm is downward or facing posteriorly (in anatomical position) D. Elevation-lowering a part or dropping the shoulders

C. Pronation-turning the hand so the palm is downward or facing posteriorly (in anatomical position)

Permanent wrinkling of the skin is usually due to changes caused by excessive exposure to _______. A. Water B. Heat C. Sunlight D. Dry air E. Collagen

C. Sunlight

Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms? A. They are the primary means of maintaining homeostasis. B. They stabilize conditions. C. They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily. D. They maintain the internal environment.

C. They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily.

All of the following are functions of a bone except _____. A. To protect soft tissues B. To house blood-producing cells C. To provide nervous communication from bone to muscle D. To store inorganic salts E. To provide points of attachment for muscles

C. To provide nervous communication from bone to muscle

This region refers to the front of the elbow. A. brachial B. popliteal C. antecubital D. cubital

C. antecubital

These glands are located in the external ear canal and produce ear wax ________. A. merocrine (eccrine) B. apocrine C. ceruminous D. Sebaceous

C. ceruminous

The cells responsible for removing excess bone tissue after the fracture repair process are ______. A. osteocytes B. osteoblasts C. osteoclasts D. fibroblasts

C. osteoclasts

The major function of the melanocytes is to __________. A. Remove dead cells by phagocytosis B. help control body temperature C. produce melanin D. act as sensory receptors

C. produce melanin

Which term refers specifically to the structures that provide information about conditions in the internal environment? A. setpoints B. effectors C. receptors D. homeostasis

C. receptors

A body part that is above another part is said to be _____. A. anterior. B. posterior. C. superior. D. Inferior.

C. superior.

The axial portion of the body includes _____. A. the cranial cavity only. B. The abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities only. C. the cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity. D. the thoracic cavity only.

C. the cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.

As cells are pushed from the deeper part of the epidermis toward the surface ___________. A. they divide continually B. their supply of nutrients improves C. they die D. they become dermal cells

C. they die

Red bone marrow functions in the formation of ___________. A. Red blood cells only B. White blood cells only C. Platelets D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Membranes lining body cavities that lack openings to the outside are called ________. A. Synovial B. Mucous C. Serous D. Cutaneous

D. Cutaneous

Typically, carcinomas originate from which tissue? A. Bone B. Nervous C. Connective D. Epithelium

D. Epithelium

The __________ region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region. A. lumbar B. epigastric C. inguinal D. Hypochondriac

D. Hypochondriac

Which of the following is not a characteristic of nerve tissue? A. It is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves B. It contains cells that respond by transmitting impulses C. Its functional cells are sensitive to changes in their surroundings D. Its intercellular spaces are filled with collagen

D. Its intercellular spaces are filled with collagen

Homeostasis refers to _____. A. changing external conditions. B. stable external conditions. C. changing internal conditions. D. Maintaining internal conditions. E. all of the above.

D. Maintaining internal conditions.

Which of the following is part of the facial skeleton? A. Parietal bone B. Sphenoid bone C. Temporal bone D. Maxillary bone

D. Maxillary bone

A section that separates the body into left and right portions is a A. Frontal section. B. Transverse section. C. Coronal section. D. Sagittal section.

D. Sagittal section.

The muscle tissue that can be consciously controlled is ____. A. Cardiac muscle B. Smooth muscle C. Intercalated muscle D. Skeletal muscle

D. Skeletal muscle

The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that __________. A. The bone is broken B. The bone is dead C. The bone is increasing in diameter D. The bone is lengthening

D. The bone is lengthening

Knowledge of the human body rapidly expanded following the Renaissance period due to: A. The development of modern medicine B. The development of curiosity C. The development of Latin words D. The development of the scientific method

D. The development of the scientific method

The development of modern medicine and our knowledge of the human body is based on ______. A. Hypothesis B. Superstition C. Observation D. The scientific method

D. The scientific method

The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many urinary passageways is _____. A. Squamous B. Cuboidal C. Columnar D. Transitional

D. Transitional

If the results from an experiment does not support your hypothesis: A. You accept your hypothesis. B. You perform the same experiment again until you get another answer. C. The experiment was performed incorrectly. D. You reject your hypothesis.

D. You reject your hypothesis.

This synovial joint is the most freely movable: A. hinge B. saddle C. gliding D. ball and socket

D. ball and socket

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the _______________. A. stratum corneum B. stratum basale C. subcutaneous layer D. dermis

D. dermis

These cells are responsible for the ability of the epidermis to resist abrasion and reduce water loss ____________. A. melanocytes B. Merkel cells C. Langerhans cells D. keratinocytes

D. keratinocytes

This is NOT associated with the dermis ________. A. hair follicles B. nerve endings C. lymphatic vessels D. melanocytes

D. melanocytes

The entire digestive tract is an example of which organizational level? A. organelle B. tissue C. organ D. organ system

D. organ system

Which of the following is included in the pectoral girdle? A. Hip bone B. sternum C. sacrum D. scapula

D. scapula

Acne is a disorder involving the _________. A. sweat glands B. hair follicles C. apocrine glands D. sebaceous glands

D. sebaceous glands

Which of the following is not in the thoracic cavity? A. heart B. lung C. esophagus D. spleen

D. spleen

Epithelial tissue functions in _____. A. Secretion B. Excretion C. Absorption D. Protection E. All of these

E. All of these

The femur ________. A. is the longest bone in the body B. extends from the hip to the knee C. has a large rounded head D. articulates with the patella E. All of these

E. All of these

The skin _____________. A. Retards water loss from deeper tissues B. Excretes wastes C. Regulates body temperature D. Synthesizes vitamin D E. All of these

E. All of these

Which of these are properties of epithelium: A. Consist of few cells and lots of matrix B. Covers body surfaces and lines cavities C. Its basement membrane anchors it to deeper tissues D. All of these E. B and C only

E. B and C only

Parietal membranes are attached to the surfaces of organs. True False

False

The appendicular skeleton consists of the parts that support and protect the head, neck, and trunk. True False

False

The dermis is very flat compared to the epidermis, which has ridges projecting inward and elevations called papillae. True False

False

The elbow is distal to the wrist. True False

False

The hip joint is a pivot joint. True False

False

The human organism can be divided into an axial portion and appendicular portion. True False

False

The parietal bones meet the frontal bone along the sagittal suture. True False

False

The tissue that constitutes the outermost layer of skin is a type of connective tissue. True False

False

When the body temperature rises above normal, dermal blood vessels are likely to constrict. True False

False

A meniscus functions to cushion articulating surfaces of bones. True False

True

Blood is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets that are suspended in a fluid extracellular matrix called plasma. True False

True

Bone cells are also called osteocytes. True False

True

Cyanosis is the blue tinting of the skin caused by decreased oxygen in blood. True False

True

Sebaceous glands produce sebum, prevents drying of the skin, protect against some bacteria, and are classified as holocrine. True False

True