Eugenics
Theodore Roosevelt quote
...the prime duty, the inescapable duty of the good citizens of the right type is to leave his or her blood behind him in the world; and that we have no business to permit the perpetuation of citizens of the wrong type.
Who was Teddy Roosevelt?
26th president of United States. Believed Strongly in Eugenics.
Who was Calvin Coolidge?
30th president of United States. Believed strongly in Eugenics.
What was Crania Americana?
A book written by Samuel Morton describing the different skull sizes.
What was Plessey vs Ferguson?
A court case in which the supreme court decreed "separate by equal."
What is the scientific method?
A method in which a hypothesis is tested and a conclusion is drawn.
What was a Fitter Family Contest?
Contests produced by eugenicists in which families were judged and ranked based on average data.
Who was Francis Galton?
Cousin of Darwin. Created Eugenics and Social-Darwinism. Considered to be the grandfather of gifted education.
Who was Alfred Binet?
Designer of IQ test used to help children.
Who was Samuel George Morton?
Eugenicist who conducted experiment with skulls to find out which race had bigger brains (at time, bigger skull meant bigger brain.) Changed results and fixed experiment so that whites seemed superior.
Who was Henry Goddard?
Eugenicist who used Binet IQ test to see if people were feeble minded, even though Binet specifically said not to use test for that. Did shoddy work on families like Kallikak. Influential eugenicist.
Who was Harry Laughlin?
Eugenicist who wrote model sterilization laws and was prosecution is Carrie Buck case.
Who was Benito Mussolini?
First Fascist. Head of Dictatorship in Italy of which Hitler copied for Nazis.
Who was Charles Davenport?
Follower of Eugenics who eventually became head of International Federation of Eugenic organizations. Very influential.
14th amendment
Forbids states from denying any person "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
How did Fredrick Douglas object to Eugenics?
He said that Negroes were men just as much as whites.
How did Mark Twain object to Eugenics?
He said that based on the Declaration of Independence, Negroes and whites should be treated as equals.
How did Franz Boas object to Eugenics?
He spoke out about the evils of eugenics and Nazi Germany.
How did W.E.B. DuBois object to Eugenics?
He spoke out against those who claimed tests proved that blacks were inferior.
How did Henry Wallace object to Eugenics?
He was a scientist who challenged both Nazi racism and American eugenics.
How did Jacob Landsman object to Eugenics?
Landsman wrote about how eugenics were a false science and were terrible.
What was Jim Crow?
Laws created after Plessey vs. Ferguson that established lots of racial barriers.
What was an anti-miscegenation law?
Laws that prohibit interracial marriage.
What was The White Man's Burden?
Poem written by Rudyard Kipling about how white men must impose their civilization on blacks. This was during the American invasion of the Philippines.
Who was Henry Ford?
Rich man who funded Eugenicists.
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
Rich man who refused to help Boas in establishing and African institute.
Who was John Rockefeller?
Rich man who was head of Rockefeller Foundation and funded Eugenicists.
Who was Thomas Malthus?
Scientist who created idea that the world would run out of supplies. Darwin based ideas off of him.
Who was Thomas Hunt Morgan?
Scientist who discovered that genes are passed down through family lines.
Who was Charles Stiles?
Scientist who studied and ultimately destroyed hookworm.
How did Charles Sumner object to Eugenics?
Sumner was a leader in anti-slavery forces. Guy who was beaten with cane at senate.
Who was Justice Roger B. Taney?
Supreme court justice who decreed that blacks had no rights which the white man was bound to respect.
Who was Adolf Hitler?
TERRIBLE TERRIBLE TERRIBLE PERSON. Probably worst person ever. Dictator of Nazi Germany who started WW2. Full-on Eugenicist who believed that lesser people should be exterminated and exercised this.
Who was Charles Darwin?
The father of evolution. The creator of Darwinism and natural selection theories.
What was Cold Spring Harbor?
The harbor where Charles Davenport's Eugenics institute is located. On long island.
What was Social Darwinism?
The idea that Darwinism could be applied to humans by sterilization and other methods.
How did Tom Higginson and William Lloyd Garrison object to Eugenics?
They, along with George S. Boutwell, expressed their concerns about African involvement in the Philippines.
Who was George William Hunter?
Very influential Eugenicist who did work on Kalikak family and Jukes family. Created New Civics Biology textbook.
Who was Carrie Buck?
Woman who was to be sterilized because she was wrongly accused feebleminded and used in court case by anti-eugenicists. Case was fixed and she lost. Her case defied the 14th amendment
Who was Rudyard Kipling?
Writer who wrote Jungle Book and The White man's Burden.