Evolution Study Guide (Evidence for Evolution)

Define vestigal structure and give an example.

A vestigal structure is a structure that was once useful and now has no purpose (no function). Ex Appendix or tail bone.

Describe embryological evidence

Embryos of many different species look the same. They all have a tail and a pouch. It is difficult to differentiate them This suggests a common ancestor.

Genetic variation is a good thing have amongst a species. Define genetic variation and explain why lack of variation could be troublesome for a species.

Genetic variation is difference in a species. A lack of variation is troublesome to the species because if the environment changes they won't be able to adapt. The species would die.

Define homologous structure and give an example.

Homologous structures are structures that are organized in a similar way that suggest a common ancestor. Human hand and bat wing, bird wing, whale flipper

Name 5 pieces of evidence for evolution.

Homologous structures, fossils, vestigal structures, embryonic similarities, biochemical similarities

Organisms living in a cold envrionment experience global warming. In this new climate, what characteristics would be selected for?

Less fur, big ears, and light colors. Plants with small leaves, plants with deep roots.

What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cels?

Prokaryotic cells does not have a true nucleus no membrane bound organelles mostly unicellular Ex. Bacteria Eukaryotic cells has a nucleus has membrane-bound organelles multicellular Ex. Plant cell, animal cells, fungi

Describe sickle cell anemia. This disease results from what? What advantage(if any) might be gained by someone who has sickle cell?

Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder. The red blood cell changes shape. Oxygen cannot be carried to different parts of our bodies. It is an inherited genetic disorder. People who have sickle cell anemia won't get malaria.

The forelimbs of humans, cats, bats, and whales all have similar bone structure. What is the most likely reason for this?

Sine they all have a similar bone structure then they are homologous structures which suggest a common ancestor.