Evolve - Med Surg

A health care provider prescribes a low-sodium, high-potassium diet for a client with Cushing syndrome. Which explanation should the nurse provide as to why the client needs to follow this diet?

"Excessive aldosterone and cortisone cause retention of sodium and loss of potassium."

A client is scheduled for an adrenalectomy. Which nursing intervention should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for this client?

Administer intravenous (IV) steroids

On the first day after a thyroidectomy, a client tolerates a full-liquid/fluid diet. When the diet is progressed to a soft diet the next day, the client complains of a sore throat when swallowing. How should the nurse respond?

Administer prescribed analgesics before meals

Postoperatively a client who had a thyroidectomy complains of tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes, and the nurse observes muscle twitching. Which complication does the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?

Hypocalcemia

What information should the nurse include in the discussion about what causes diabetic acidosis?

Breakdown of fat stores for energy

What should the nurse do when collecting a 24-hour urine specimen?

Check to verify if a preservative is needed

A nurse is assessing a client and suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What clinical findings support this conclusion?

Deep respirations and fruity odor to the breath

A client is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse concludes that the client's elevated ketone level is caused by incomplete oxidation of which nutrient?

Fats

A client is diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to increase in a client with Cushing syndrome?

Glucose levels

A nurse is caring for a client newly admitted with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Which clinical findings does the nurse expect when assessing this client?

Headache, palpitations, diaphoresis

client with a tentative diagnosis of Cushing syndrome has an increased cortisol level. For what response should the nurse assess this client?

Hyperkalemia

A nurse is caring for a client with the clinical manifestation of hypotension associated with a diagnosis of Addison disease. Which hormone is impaired in its production as a result of this disease?

Mineralocorticoids

The nurse provides education about signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia to a client with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The nurse concludes that the teaching was effective when the client states, "I will drink orange juice and eat a slice of bread when I feel:

Nervous and weak."

A male client who is receiving prolonged steroid therapy complains of always being thirsty and urinating frequently. What is the nurse's best initial action?

Perform a finger stick to test the client's blood glucose level.

A nurse is assessing a malnourished client with a history of cirrhosis. The client is experiencing nausea, ascites, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The primary cause of the client's ascites is a decrease in:

Plasma protein to maintain adequate capillary-tissue circulation

When obtaining a health history from a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the nurse expects the client to report what clinical manifestations?

Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia

A client is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which insulin should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?

Regular insulin (Novolin R)

A health care provider writes prescriptions addressing the needs of a client with Addison disease. Which outcome does the nurse conclude is the main focus of treatment for this client?

Restoration of electrolyte balance

A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of a pituitary tumor. What signs of Cushing syndrome does the nurse identify?

Retention of sodium and water

The nurse is providing immediate postoperative care to a client who had a thyroidectomy. The nurse should monitor the client for which clinical manifestation?

Signs of respiratory obstruction

A client admitted to the emergency department has ketones in the blood and urine. Which situation associated with this physiological finding should be the nurse's focus when collecting additional data about this client?

Starvation

A client is scheduled to have a thyroidectomy for cancer of the thyroid. What specific instruction about postoperative care should the nurse provide the client during preoperative teaching?

Support the head with the hands when changing position

A nurse plans to set up emergency equipment at the bedside of a client in the immediate postoperative period after a thyroidectomy. What should the nurse include in the bedside setup?

Tracheostomy set and oxygen

A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and is experiencing exophthalmia. Which measures should the nurse include when teaching this client how to manage the discomfort associated with exophthalmia?

Use tinted glasses, Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees, tape eyelids shut at night if they do not close.