Ex Phys Chp. 13

The average VO2 max value for the young male sedentary population is - 83 ml • kg^-1 • min^-1 - 22 ml • kg^-1 • min^-1 - 35 ml • kg^-1 • min^-1 - 45 ml • kg^-1 • min^-1

45 ml • kg^-1 • min^-1

In order to achieve improvements in VO2 max, highly trained individuals may need to train at intensities of - 40-70% VO2 max - 50-85% VO2 max - 95-100% VO2 max - 60-95% VO2 max

95- 100% VO2 max

The increase in VO2 max following training is caused by an increase in - maximal heart rate only - maximal stroke volume only - maximal a-vO2 difference only - both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference

both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference

In terms of the factors that limit VO2 max, improvements elicited by endurance training generally first affect __________, and then _______________ after several weeks/ months. - a-vO2 difference; cardiac output - cardiac output; a-vO2 difference

cardiac output; a-vO2 difference

Which of the following training adaptations does not result in lower lactate production? - decreased pyruvate formation - increased mitochondrial uptake of pyruvate - increased glycogen utilization - increased H form of LDH

increased glycogen utilization

Following an endurance training program, the oxygen deficit is smaller when the subject does the same work task. This is due to - increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries - an increased heart rate - an increased cardiac output - a greater anaerobic capacity

increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries

In the first 10 weeks of a resistance training program, the gains in strength are due primarily to - hypertrophy - hyperplasia - increased muscle fiber size - neural adaptations

neural adaptations

The systemic process in which the volume and intensity of training are varied over time is - overload - specificity - afterload - periodization

periodization

Following training, if the increase in maximal cardiac output is balanced with a decrease in peripheral resistance, the mean arterial blood pressure will - decrease - remain the same - increase

remain the same

Endurance training results in increased mitochondrial and capillary density in muscle but has no effect on muscle glycolytic capacity. This is an example of what training principle? - none of these - overload - specificity - reversibility

specificity

Cross-sectional studies show that the cardiovascular variable responsible for the large variation in VO2 max in the normal population is maximal - heart rate - systolic blood pressure - arteriovenous O2 difference - stroke volume

stroke volume

Following endurance training, maximal stroke volume is enhanced by an increased - end systolic volume - maximal heart rate - venous return - afterload

venous return

Following endurance training, maximal cardiac output during exercise is increased due to an increase in ventricular muscle tissue thickness. - True - False

False

The majority of evidence demonstrates that resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy is the result of muscle fiber hyperplasia. - True - False

False

The initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining occurs because skeletal muscle adaptations (a-vO2 difference) are lost. - True - False

False Explanation: Initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining is due to decreases in SV MAX first (first 12 days!) Later decreases are due to decreases in a-vO2 max.

Following endurance training, afterload decreases during maximal exercise because there is a decrease in sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity in the arterioles of the exercising muscles. - True - False

True

In a "two legged" maximal cycle ergometer test, if each leg were to vasodilate to the extent experienced in a one-legged VO2 max test, mean arterial blood pressure would fall below normal levels. - True - False

True

Reducing the number of motor units required to perform an exercise task may reduce the heart rate and ventilation required to perform the task. - True - False

True

Research indicates that anyone can increase his or her VO2 max with training, yet a genetic predisposition is required to have a VO2 max comparable to that of an elite endurance athlete. - True - False

True

Training that involves very high volumes and intensities of exercise may increase one's risk of developing an upper respiratory tract infection. - True - False

True

Lactate removal is greater following an endurance training program because blood flow to muscle is decreased, and liver blood flow is increased at the same work rate. - True - False

True (Alex put True and was marked wrong at first by the key, but was given full credit afterwards. Dr. Harrison said True is the correct answer, but this question is likely removed from the test bank.)

The changes in the heart rate ventilatory responses to a fixed sub maximal work rate are lower after an endurance training program. These changes are due primarily to changes in the - central nervous system - lung and heart - active skeletal muscles

active skeletal muscles

The enhanced capacity of the trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in - decreased utilization of muscle glycogen - decreased lactate formation - sparing of blood glucose - all of these

all of these - decreased utilization of muscle glycogen - decreased lactate formation - sparing of blood glucose

The increase in the maximal a-vO2 difference is due to all of the following except - an increase in hemoglobin - an increase in mitochondria in the muscle - an increase in capillaries in the muscle - all of these account for the increased a-vO2 difference

an increase in hemoglobin