Exam 1

organelle

A(n) ______ is any small, membrane-bound component found inside of a eukaryotic cell.

Roundworm, algae - macroscopic Protozoan, Ricksettsia - microscopic Herpes, DNA -ultra microscopic Hydrogen atom, glucose molecule - atomic

Appropriate range of measurement: atomic, ultramicroscopic, microscopic, macroscopic Roundworm, algae Protozoan, Ricksettsia Herpes, DNA Hydrogen atom, glucose molecule

Endosymbiosis

Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells through the process of _______.

Parasitology

Microbiology has many branches, including _____ which is the study of pathogenic protozoa, helminth worms, and certain insects.

3.5 billion years ago

Prokaryotic organisms have been around for about how long?

Prions

Proteinaceous infectious particles are called ______.

Organelles

Small, membrane-bound components found inside of a eukaryotic cell, such as mitochondria and lysosomes, are referred to as which of the following?

Mycology

The study of molds and yeast is called ____.

Bacteriology

The study of small, single-celled prokaryotic organisms is called _____.

Micrometers; nanometers

The unit of measurement of most bacterial cells is ____ and most viruses is ___.

Viruses

Which are the most common microbes on earth?

protists and yeast

Which microbes have a true nucleus? - Viruses -Archaea - Protists - Prion - Yeast

Archaea and Bacteria

Which of the following are prokaryotic microorganisms?

Protozoans, helminths, fungi

Which of the following microorganisms are made up of eukaryotic cells? Protozoans helminths fungi archaea viruses bacteria

Algae

Which photosynthetic single-celled or multicellular microorganisms are found in aquatic environments?

Prokaryotic

Which type of cell does not contain organelles, such as mitochondria or a nucleus?

microorganism

· A ____ describes an organism that can only be seen after magnification. And not all these organisms require a host.

symbiont

· A ____ just generally describes one organism living with another.

biofilm

· A _____ is a complex network of microbes and their secretions that form in most natural environments.

commensal

· A _____describes a symbiont who derives benefit from its host, but does not harm nor help its host.

Reemerging

· A disease that has been known for hundreds of years and that is increasing in occurrence is known as which type of disease?

parasite

· A microbial pathogen is considered a(n) ____ because it derives benefits from its host and harms its host in the process.

emerging

· A(n) ____ disease, such as SARS or viral encephalitis, is a newly identified infectious disease that is becoming more prominent.

pathogen

· A(n) ____ is the term used by any infectious agent that causes disease, such as parasites, bacteria, and viruses.

300

· Antoine van Leeuwenhoek designed single-lens microscopes that could magnify a specimen up to how many times?

Bioremediation

· Certain microbes can break down heavy metals and pesticides contaminating soils by a process called ___.

Female infertility

· Chlamydia infections has been linked to which of the following conditions? Female infertility

Pathogen

· In general, disease-causing organisms are referred to as which of the following?

Staphylococcus aureus

· MRSA is a drug-resistant strain of which of the following bacteria?

Prions

· Mad Cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are caused by which of the following?

photosynthesis

· Microorganisms account for about 50% of the earth's ____ which is the process that converts light energy from the sun into organic molecules for food.

superbug

· Some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to so many antibiotics that is has become known as a(n) "______".

True

· T/F: Microbes can be found in the Antarctic.

10 billion

· The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are about how many infections of all types across the world every year?

Viruses

· The common cold and AIDS are caused by which type of microorganism?

reemerging

· Tuberculosis, influenza and malaria are older diseases that have been known for a long time, but they are now increasing in occurrence; diseases with this pattern of occurrence are specifically referred to as _______ diseases.

smaller

· Viral particles are usually ___ than prokaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells

· Which cell type is generally larger in size?

The development of the microscope

· Which event helped establish the science of microbiology?

bacteria

· Which microbes do NOT have a true nucleus?

Parasite

· Which of the following derives benefits from its host and harms its host in the process? Parasite

Chikungunya, Dengue, Zika

· Which of the following diseases are spread by the Aedes mosquito?

Smallpox

· Which of the following diseases have been eradicated? Smallpox

Ebola fever, lyme disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

· Which of the following diseases have emerged due to human encroaching into new territory and wild habitats?

Helicobacter

· Which of the following genera of microbes has been associated with gastric ulcers?

Polio

· Which of the following human diseases has almost been eradicated?

Viruses

· Which of the following is NOT able to replicate on its own?

bioremediation

· Which of the following processes is the decomposition of harmful chemicals by microbes?

Photosynthesis

· Which process uses the sun's energy to produce organic compounds accompanied by the formation of oxygen?

Genetic engineering

· Which technology involves the deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products?

fungi and bacteria

· Which two of the following groups of organisms of organisms arguably play the greatest role in biological decomposition?

Free-living organism

· Which type of organism can derive all the nutrients and factors it requires from the environment in order to reproduce?

Bacteria

· ____ are fungi microbes that live in complex associations with plants to assist them in obtaining water and nutrients.

Recombinant DNA

· ____ technology is used to switch genetic material from one organism to another in order to produce desirable proteins.

Infectious diseases

· _____, caused by microorganisms, are among the most common causes of death in much of the world's population.

Decomposition

· ______is the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds that can be directed back into the natural cycle of living things.

Emerging

·_____ disease are those which are newly identified and becoming more prominent.