Exam 1, Form B

The English word "cats" has how many morphemes?

2 morphemes cat-s.

From the perspective of ecological functionalism, the Hindu taboo on eating beef is:

Adaptive to the long-run conditions of drought and crop shortages in India

Culture is made up of learned behaviors which are learned

Continuously

The process of movement of culture traits from one society to another is called:

Diffusion

True or False: Diffusion is generally a peaceful process that benefits all of the culture involved.

False

True or False: Anthropology is most interested in what is abnormal and atypical in human populations

False

According to the lecture, all of the following elements are found in all culture except:

Formal Law Enforcement

A major point of the enthnography "Body Ritual among the Nacirema" is to:

Help us look at our own culture from different perspective.

A positive value of ethnocentrism for a society is that it:

Helps bind members of a society together

Which of the following studies how languages are related to each other?

Historical Linguistics

Human speech is infinitely productive. This means that:

Humans can combine words into new, meaningful utterances that they have never heard before

Which of the following an example of displacement:

I might go out tomorrow if it doesn't rain.

One critical factor that distinguishes anthropology from other fields of study is:

It's interest in describing humankind throughout time and in all parts of the world.

Which of the following theoretical perspectives most takes account of issues of conflict and struggle within cultures?

Neo-Marxism

In English, bit and pit have different have different meanings. thus /b/ and /p/ are:

Phonemes

Which theoretical approach argues that no knowledge is objective and all knowledge is influenced by the observer's own culture, social position, and gender?

Postmodernism

The relationship between language and culture is illustrated by the fact:

The vocabulary of a language emphasizes those features of the environment that are culturally most significant

As culture traits move from one society to another:

Their meanings tend to change.

True or False: The most important ethical responsibility in anthropological fieldwork is to protect the interests of the people whom you are studying.

True

True or False: Vocabulary of a language reflects the culture of the people who speak it

True

True or False: Cultures are systems, so a change in one aspect of a culture is likely to result in changes in other aspects of the culture

True

Cultural relativity requires that:

Values and customs be understood in terms of the culture of which they are part.

You should have read about Inuit enculturation in Chapter 3. If you have, then you know that all of the following are emphasized in Inuit except:

Violence

The International Phonetic Alphabet is a means of:

Writing all of the sounds of all human languages

There are many ways to define culture, but in general, we can say that culture:

all of the above

Early anthropologists who relied on travelers and missionaries for their fieldwork data were called:

armchair anthropologists

A linguistic capacity to describe things that are not present is called:

displacement

Ethnocentrism is the tendency for:

every society to view itself as superior to others

In Anthropology, the concept of race:

has been found to be inadequate for scientifically meaningful classification of humans.

Norms are

ideas people in a society share about the way things ought to be done.

Individuals who serve as guides and teachers for anthropologists in the culture in which they do fieldwork are called by all of the following terms except:

managers

Smallest unit of meaning in language is a:

morpheme

The fieldwork technique at the heart of anthropological data collection is called:

participant observation

The specific sounds that are significant in a particular language are called:

phonemes