Exam 1 Practice
The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action is due to A) calcium channels remaining open B) increased membrane permeability to potassium ion C) movement of fewer sodium ions across the cell membrane D) increased membrane permeability to sodium ions E) decrease in the amount of calcium diffusing across the membrane
A) calcium channels remaining open
Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except one. Choose the exception A) decreasing venous return B) increasing heart rate C) decreasing end systolic volume D) increasing ejection fraction E) increasing stroke volume
A) decreasing venous return
The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme A) fibrinogen-converting enzyme B) thrombin C) plasmin D) factor VIII E) prothrombinase
B) thrombin
The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue B) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium C) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin D) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen E) release of heparin from the liver
D) activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen
During exercise A) venous return increases B) vasodilation occurs at the active skeletal muscles C) both cardiac output and stroke volume increase D) all of the above E) A and C only
D) all of the above
What occurs at the area labeled "D" on the graph A) diastolic refilling begins B) semilunar valve opens C) AV valve opens D) both A and C E) both B and C
D) both A and C
After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the _______ artery A) radial B) subclavian C) ulnar D) brachial E) digital
D) brachial
Cardiac output is increased by: A) more sympathetic stimulation B) increased ESV C) increased SV D) all of the above E) A and B only
E) A and B only
In cardiac muscle, the fast depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of A) increased membrane permeability to sodium ions B) increased membrane permeability to chloride ions C) decreased membrane permeability to calcium ions D) increased membrane permeability to potassium ions E) decreased membrane permeability to sodium ions
A) increased membrane permeability to sodium ions
When the heart rate increases which of the following statements is true? a) The EDV is smaller than when the heart beats at its normal rate B) The EDV is larger than when the heart beats at its normal rate
A)The EDV is smaller than when the heart beats at its normal rate
The first heart sound is heard when the A) blood enters the aorta B) AV valves close C) semilunar valves close D) AV valves Open E) atria contract
B) AV valves close
The common pathway of coagulation begins with the A) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue B) conversion of Factor X to prothrombinase C) release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium D) activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen E) conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
B) conversion of Factor X to prothrombinase
Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue, except A) decreased peripheral resistance B) increased hematocrit C) increased vessel diameter D) increased blood pressure E) relaxation of precapillary sphincters
B) increased hematocrit
An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery A) mental B) internal carotid C) external carotid D) maxillary E) azygos
B) internal carotid
"An increase in end-diastolic volume increases the stroke volume" is a way of stating A) Kris's law of the heart B) Robin's law of the heart C) Starling's law of the heart D) Karl's law of the heart E) Hawking's law of the heart
C) Starling's law of the heart
What effect would compressing the inferior vena cava just below the diaphragm have on cardiac function? A) stroke volume would increase B) cardiac output would increase C) Sympathetic stimulation of the heart would increase D) all of the above E) A and B only
C) Sympathetic stimulation of the heart would increase
Each hemoglobin molecule contains A) one alpha and one beta chain B) four alpha chains C) four iron atoms D) one heme group E) B and C only
C) four iron atoms
The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the A) differential cell count B) specific gravity C) hematocrit D) packed volume E) viscosity
C) hematocrit
Consider these results from a blood lab test. Which value is most likely abnormal? a) RBCs- 5.2 million/mm^3 B) leukocytes- 8600/mm^3 C) hemoglobin- 9g/100 ml D) platelets- 280,000/mm^3 E) hematocrit- 44 percent
C) hemoglobin- 9g/100 ml
Each of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure except A) increased levels of angiotensin II B) increased blood volume C) increased levels of atrial natriuretic peptide D) increased levels of antidiuretic hormone E) Decreased levels of nitric oxide
C) increased levels of atrial natriuretic peptide
Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the A) blood viscosity B) flow characteristics C) osmolarity of interstitial fluids D) length of a blood vessel E) blood vessel diameter
C) osmolarity of interstitial fluids
Choose the correct path for a drop of blood leaving the aorta and traveling to the right brain. All vessels are right vessels. You may not use some of the listed vessels 1. Subclavian artery 2. Brachiocephalic artery 3. Internal carotid artery 4. External jugular 5. Common carotid artery 6. Superior vena cava 7. Internal jugular vein a) 1,2,5 b) 2,3,5 C) 1,2,3 D) 2,5,3 E) 7,3,4
D) 2,5,3
Which of the following blood count values would be a sign of anemia A) 400,000 platelets B) 10,000 WBC C) 5.5 million RBC D) 3.5 million RBC E) A and D taken together
D) 3.5 million RBC
Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops ot blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with anti- B or anti-D sera. This means: A) Bill could receive type-A blood in a transfusion b) Bill could donate to an individual with tybe AB blood C) Bill is Rh positive D) Bill's plasma contains B antibodies E) A. B. and D
E) A, B, and D
Veins of the arm include the _____ veins A) cephalic B) basilic C) brachial D) A and C only E) A.B, and C
E) A.B, and C
During the T wave of the electrocardiogram, the ventricles are A) contracting B) repolarizing C) depolarizing D) relaxing E) both B and D
E) both B and D
The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except A) during anemia B) at high altitudes C) as a consequence of hemorrhage D) when blood flow to the kidneys is disrupted E) during periods of fasting
E) during periods of fasting
A person's blood type is determined largely by the A) shape of the RBCs B) chemical character of the hemoglobin C) size of the RBCs D) volume of the RBCs E) presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane
E) presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane
Contractions of the papillary muscles A) eject blood from the ventricles B) close the atrioventricular valves C) eject blood from the atria into the ventricles D) close the semilunar valves E) prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the atria
E) prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the atria
Metabolites exchange by diffusion with tissue cells in which of the following location? A) arteriole B) vein C) venule D) artery e) capillary
e) capillary