Exam 1 - Pt. 2 H&A

Due to the contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the dermal blood vessels, A. more blood flows to the skin. B. more blood enters into the heart. C. the blood vessels become dilated. D. body temperature tends to drop in that area. E. body heat is conserved.

body heat is conserved.

Which of the following types of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix? A. areolar - loosely packed matrix of protein fibers B. blood - fluid matrix C. cartilage - highly vascular matrix D. bone - highly vascular E. bone - mineralized matrix

cartilage - highly vascular matrix

During appositional growth of cartilage, the cells that produce the matrix are the: A. osteocytes. B. osteoblasts. C. chondroblasts. D. chondrocytes. E. fibroblasts.

chondroblasts.

Which of the following epithelial types is mismatched with its function? A. squamous epithelium - stretching B. columnar epithelium - secretion C. cuboidal epithelium - absorption D. stratified epithelium - protection E. simple epithelium - diffusion

squamous epithelium - stretching

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial?

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

A tissue has the following characteristics: free surface, single layer of cells, cells are narrow and tall, microvilli, many mitochondria, goblet cells. Which of the following is most consistent with those observations?(1) active transport(2) epithelium(3) simple epithelium(4) columnar epithelium(5) cuboidal epithelium(6) squamous epithelium(7) secretion by exocytosis(8) movement of mucous across its surface A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 B. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 D. 2, 3, 4, 7 E. 2, 3, 4, 8

1, 2, 3, 4, 7

A solution with pH 4 has ______ the H+ concentration of a solution with pH 8. 10,000 times twice 1/10,000 4 times ½

10,000 times

Arrange the following events of exocytosis in the correct sequence: (1) vesicle membrane fuses with plasma membrane(2) secretory vesicles migrate to plasma membrane(3) vesicle contents are expelled from cell(4) secretions accumulate within secretory vesicles A. 3, 1, 4, 2 B. 1, 2, 3, 4 C. 1, 4, 2, 3 D. 2, 1, 4, 3 E. 4, 2, 1, 3

4, 2, 1, 3

Cyanide stops the production of ATP. Which of the following processes would be affected? A. osmosis B. simple diffusion C. active transport D. filtration E. facilitated diffusion

Active transport

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity? A. Gravity B. Mechanical stress C. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels D. Blood calcium level E. All of the choices are correct

All of the choices are correct

The anticodon sequence GUA pairs with which of the following codons? A. CTT B. CAU C. GUA D. CAT E. CTU

CAU

Which of the following statements concerning collagen is false? A. Collagen is composed of collagen α-chains. B. There are at least 20 different types of collagen in the body. C. Collagen is elastic and stretches D. Collagen is a common protein in the body.Collagen is strong and flexible.

Collagen is elastic and stretches

Which of the following statements is false? A. The movement of materials through epithelium is enhanced by simple squamous epithelium. B. Cuboidal epithelium is found in areas where absorption occurs. C. Columnar epithelial cells promote diffusion. D. Stratified epithelium is adapted for a protective role. E. Secretory epithelial cells are usually cuboidal or columnar in shape.

Columnar epithelial cells promote diffusion.

The bonding properties of an atom are determined by its A. positrons. B. electrons. C. protons. D. neutrons. E. photons.

Electrons

Which of the following characteristics is NOT consistent with simple squamous epithelial tissue? A. rest on a basement membrane B. acts as a permeability barrier C. little extracellular material D. the cells are thin and flat (not thick) E. has good blood supply within it

Has good blood supply within it.

We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called A. metastasis. B. responsiveness. C. adaptation. D. homeostasis. E. evolution.

Homeostasis

If a 0.9% NaCl (saline) solution is isotonic to a cell, then a solution of 3.5% NaCl would be A. All of these choices are correct. B. hypertonic to the cell. C. isotonic to the cell. D. hypotonic to the cell. E. catatonic to the cell.

Hypertonic to the cell.

Blood vessel dilation in the dermis results in _________ heat loss from the skin, and blood vessel constriction results in _______ heat loss from the skin. A. decreased, increased B. no change in the amount of, decreased C. increased, decreased D. increased, no change in the amount of

Increased, Decreased

Which is not true about periosteum? A. It covers the entire bone surface, with the exception of articular areas. B. It includes two layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular. C. It is composed of dense regular connective tissue. D. It is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers. E. It provides stem cells for bone growth and repair.

It is composed of dense regular connective tissue.

Which is not correct about spongy bone? A. Its spaces hold red bone marrow. B. It is composed of tubular units called osteons. C. It forms diploe in the cranial bones. D. It is located deep to compact bone. E. It is located in the epiphyses of long bones.

It is composed of tubular units called osteons.

Which of the following statements concerning membrane transport across the plasma membrane is true? A. All molecules are moved across by active transport. B. Water cannot move through the membrane. C. Lipid-soluble substances pass through the membrane by dissolving in the lipid bilayer. D. Generally, cations pass through the membrane more easily than anions. E. Polar molecules are transported more easily than nonpolar molecules.

Lipid-soluble substances pass through the membrane by dissolving in the lipid bilayer.

When a person trains for running long distances, which of the following organelles increase in his/her muscles? A. rough endoplasmic reticulum B. enzymes for glycolysis C. basal bodies D. mitochondria E. lysosomes

Mitochondria

Which of the following is NOT true of G-protein complex action? A. Stimulates a cell by activating enzymes associated with the plasma membrane. B. Stimulates a cell by opening ion channels in the plasma membrane. C. Stimulates a cell by means of intracellular chemical signals. D. Acts as an intermediate between a receptor and other cellular proteins. E. Stimulates a cell by means of extracellular chemical signals.

Stimulates a cell by means of extracellular chemical signals.

Which of the following is NOT associated with interphase? A. The DNA replicates. B. The cell does what it is designed to do. C. The centrioles duplicate. D. The cell does nothing but rest. E. The cell grows.

The cell does nothing but rest.

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true? A. The dermis is superficial to the epidermis. B. The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes. C. The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules. D. The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels. E. The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.

The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.

Choose the correct statement regarding mixtures and compounds. A. A compound has properties much different from the properties of its elements. B. Most mixtures in our bodies consist of chemicals dissolved or suspended in water. C. In a mixture, each substance retains its own chemical properties. D.The first, second, and third choices are correct. The first and third choices are correct.

The first, second, and third choices are correct.

Three common components of a feedback loop are A. a stimulus, a receptor, and an integrating (control) center. B. a receptor, an organ, and an organ system. C. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system. D. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector. E. a stimulus, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system.

a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector

On coming inside from the cold, students notice that their cheeks are red. This results from A. increased permeability of superficial vessels. B. dilation of the blood vessels in the dermis of the cheeks. C. constriction of the sweat glands in the cheeks. D. damage to the epidermis by the cold. E. constriction of the blood vessels in the epidermis of the cheeks.

dilation of the blood vessels in the dermis of the cheeks.

Negative feedback loops are... A. not homeostatic. B. associated with "vicious circles." C. homeostatic. D. self-amplifying cycles. E. harmful.

homeostatic.

Calcitonin _________ osteoclast activity and _______ excretion of calcium from the kidney. A. inhibits, decreases B. inhibits, increases C. stimulates, increases D. stimulates, decreases

inhibits, increases

Solution A contains 5 grams of sugar per liter while solution B contains 2 grams of sugar per liter. The solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If the solvent in both solutions is water, predict in which direction most of the water molecules will move. A. move by active transport from solution B to solution A B. move by osmosis from solution B to solution A C. move by filtration from solution A to solution B D. There will be no movement of water. E. move by simple diffusion from solution A to solution B

move by osmosis from solution B to solution A

When you exercise you generate excess heat and your body temperature rises. Blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the body surface, and you lose heat. This exemplifies A. dynamic equilibrium. B. negative feedback. C. integration control. D. set point adjustment. E. positive feedback.

negative feedback.

The greater the concentration of a solution, the greater the A. amount of solvent. B. number of carrier molecules present. C. osmotic pressure of the solution. D. tendency for water to diffuse from the solution. E. rate of facilitated diffusion.

osmotic pressure of the solution.

Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by: A. osteoblasts, which then communicate to osteocytes and osteoclasts to deposit more hydroxyapatite. B. chondrocytes, which then trigger osteoblasts to increase bone in a lengthwise fashion. C. osteoclasts, which then communicate to osteocytes to increase the size of lacunae. D. osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.

osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.

Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched with its function? A. marker molecules - are primarily steroids B. peripheral proteins - penetrate the lipid bilayer from one surface to the other C.receptor proteins - attach to ligand molecules D. nongated ion channels - are always closed E. channel proteins - are part of an intercellular communication system

receptor proteins - attach to ligand molecules