Exam 1 study questions

Dr. Martin, a clinical neuropsychologist, works diligently to be accurate, honest, and truthful as he provides services to his patients. Which ethical principle is Dr. Martin upholding? A. beneficence and nonmaleficence B. integrity C. Respect for People's Rights and Dignity D. fair billing and reporting

B. integrity

Boundary crossings ______. A. are more severe than boundary violations B. often seem minor and harmless but set a precedent for more serious boundary violations C. are never unethical if initiated by the client D. are never unethical if approved by the client

B. often seem minor and harmless but set a precedent for more serious boundary violations

The use of technology, particularly the Internet, by clinical psychologists is often referred to as ______. A. conference therapy B. digital therapy C. telepsychology D. techpsychology

C. telepsychology

Clinical psychology graduate programs that subscribe to the practitioner-scholar model of training ______. A. typically award the PhD, rather than the PsyD, degree B. emphasize practice over research C. emphasize research over practice D. equally emphasize research and practice

B. emphasize practice over research

Evidence-based practice has also been referred to as ______. A. empirically researched interventions B. empirically supported treatments C. dialectical behavior therapy D. exposure plus response prevention

B. empirically supported treatments

According to surveys of psychologists in private practice (e.g., Murphy et al., 1998), managed care companies have ______. A. generally had a positive impact on the quality of psychotherapy they provide B. exerted too much control over clinical decisions C. had no effect on confidentiality issues D. allowed psychologists to provide appropriate, ethical services

B. exerted too much control over clinical decisions

An example of a manualized psychotherapy with empirical evidence for its efficacy is ______. A. exposure plus response prevention for bulimia B. exposure plus response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder C. dialectical behavior therapy for depression D. dialectical behavior therapy for antisocial personality disorder

B. exposure plus response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder

According to the most recent edition of the APA ethical code, it is necessary to obtain ______ before proceeding with research, psychotherapy, or assessment. A. consent B. assent C. informed assent D. informed consent

D. informed consent

The ______ is an organization whose member graduate programs emphasis and promote scientific, research-based clinical psychology as the legitimate form of clinical psychology. A. Academy of Psychological Clinical Science B. American Academy of Psychology C. American Psychological Association D. Association for the Advancement of Clinical Psychology

A. Academy of Psychological Clinical Science

Which of the following is TRUE regarding ethical decision-making by clinical psychologists? A. Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended, as long as client confidentiality is protected B. Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended, and because the information is being shared with other qualified professionals, the client's confidentiality need not be protected C. Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is generally discouraged D. Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended, provided such colleagues are licensed in the same state as the psychologist with questions

A. Consulting with colleagues about ethically challenging situations is recommended, as long as client confidentiality is protected

The ______ section of the current ethical code includes enforceable rules of conduct, as opposed to aspirational ideals regarding the behavior of clinical psychologists. A. Ethical Standards B. General Principles C. Research Standards D. Assessment Code

A. Ethical Standards

Typically, clinical psychologists must pass the ______ in order to become licensed. A. Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) B. Continuing Education Units Psychology Examination (CEUPE) Pomerantz, Clinical Psychology, 5e SAGE Publishing, 2020 C. Examination for Psychological Practice with Independent Persons (EPPP) D. Counselor Education Unity Psychology Examination (CEUPE)

A. Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP)

Students enrolled in a practitioner-scholar program typically earn what degree? A. PsyD B. PhD C. MD D. MS

A. PsyD

Diane has been accepted into a clinical psychology graduate program that adheres to the Vail Model of training. Upon graduation from the program, Diane is most likely to earn a ______ and work in a ______. A. PsyD; clinical setting B. PhD; clinical setting C. PsyD; university psychology department D. PhD; university psychology department

A. PsyD; clinical setting

Which of the following is true? A. The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged before the practitioner-scholar model of training. B. The scientist-practitioner model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the same time. C. The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged after the clinical scientist model of training. D. The clinical scientist model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the same time.

A. The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged before the practitioner-scholar model of training.

The idea that clinical psychologists strive to benefit the patients with whom they work, while at the same time ensuring they do not harm their patients, is best captured by which ethical principle? A. beneficence and nonmaleficence B. integrity C. Respect for People's Rights and Dignity D. fair billing and reporting

A. beneficence and nonmaleficence

Burnout ______. A. can significantly impair the competence of a clinical psychologist B. occurs at high levels in less than 1% of psychologists, according to survey data C. is less likely to occur when a clinical psychologist is overcommitted to clients or earns a low salary D. is surprisingly more common among therapists who believe they have sufficient social support

A. can significantly impair the competence of a clinical psychologist

For contemporary psychotherapists, the most relevant implication of the finding in the Tarasoff case is the ______. A. duty to warn B. obligation to protect client confidentiality without exception C. importance of continuing education for licensed psychologists D. importance of maintaining test security by not allowing tests to be taken outside of the professional office setting

A. duty to warn

John is an undergraduate psychology major. He wishes to become a clinical psychologist. In order to reach this goal, John must ______. A. earn a doctoral degree in clinical psychology B. earn a master's degree in clinical psychology C. earn a bachelor's degree in psychology D. complete 300 clinical internship hours while an undergraduate student

A. earn a doctoral degree in clinical psychology

The scientist-practitioner model of training is characterized by a(n) ______. A. joint emphasis on practice and research B. emphasis on research over practice C. emphasis on practice over research D. combined emphasis on practice, research, and psychopharmacology

A. joint emphasis on practice and research

The most common work setting for clinical psychologists since the 1980s is ______. A. private practice B. medical schools C. psychiatric hospitals D. university psychology departments

A. private practice

Some studies of manualized therapy have found that therapists who demonstrate flexibility while using manuals ______. A. produce better client outcomes and are more successful in getting clients engaged in therapy B. produce worse client outcomes and are less successful in getting clients engaged in therapy C. cause irreparable harm to clients D. are subject to malpractice lawsuits

A. produce better client outcomes and are more successful in getting clients engaged in therapy

The first APA code of ethics was published in ______. A. 1896 B. 1953 C. 1990 D. 2002

B. 1953

In 1952, ______ made the (now refuted) claim that there was no proof that psychotherapy was efficacious. A. Dianne Chambless B. Hans Eysenck C. John Watson D. Lightner Witmer

B. Hans Eysenck

______'s 1950s assertion that therapy had no positive outcome helped to jumpstart what has evolved into the evidence-based practice movement. A. Raymond Cattell B. Hans Eysenck C. William F. Buckley D. Patrick H. DeLeon

B. Hans Eysenck

Which of the following is TRUE? A. Most health insurance and managed care companies will pay for psychotherapy whether or not the therapist assigns a DSM diagnosis to the client. B. Recent surveys of psychologists have indicated that the way a client is diagnosed is affected by the client's method of payment. C. Studies refute the idea that psychologists' diagnostic decisions are influenced by how a client pays for therapy. D. Most managed care companies will pay for psychotherapy even if a client does not receive a DSM diagnosis; however, health insurance companies require a diagnosis.

B. Recent surveys of psychologists have indicated that the way a client is diagnosed is affected by the client's method of payment.

The Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology is ______. A. a book authored by Richard McFall that details scientific standards for psychological research B. a resource used by many graduate school applicants to learn about specific clinical psychology programs C. an online portal for applying to clinical psychology graduate programs D. an evaluation rubric used by graduate program admissions committees to evaluate applicants

B. a resource used by many graduate school applicants to learn about specific clinical psychology programs

Richard McFall is most closely associated with the development of the ______ model of training. A. scientist-practitioner B. clinical scientist C. therapist-educator D. practitioner-scholar

B. clinical scientist

According to recommended models of ethical decision-making (e.g., Fisher, 2017), it is important to ______. A. make ethical decisions as quickly as possible B. consult any law or professional guidelines relevant to the situation at hand C. avoid consulting with colleagues D. refrain from altering or revising an ethical plan once one is established

B. consult any law or professional guidelines relevant to the situation at hand

Once a clinical psychologist is licensed, many states require the accumulation of a specific number of ______ in order to renew the license. A. postgraduate courses B. continuing education units C. seminar certificates D. state board phone conferences

B. continuing education units

Advocates for prescription privileges for clinical psychologists cite ______ as support for their argument. A. an excess of psychiatrists, especially in rural areas B. convenience for clients C. the opportunity to work collaboratively with physicians D. the ability to replace psychotherapy with medication

B. convenience for clients

Josephine is an undergraduate student wants to increase her odds of getting into a clinical psychology graduate program. Based on recommendations provided in the textbook, which of the following is the best advice you could provide to Josephine? A. avoid undergraduate courses in statistics and research methodology. These classes often lower an applicant's GPA B. get to know your professors. Build a positive, professional relationship with them so they can write meaningful, persuasive letters of recommendation for you C. limit yourself to one road to becoming a clinical psychologist. For example, once you have decided you want to earn a PhD from a scientist-practitioner program, do not consider other training options D. do not seek out clinically relevant experience while an undergraduate. Graduate programs prefer to train "fresh" graduate students, not students who have already acquired some skills through part-time experiences

B. get to know your professors. Build a positive, professional relationship with them so they can write meaningful, persuasive letters of recommendation for you

The ______ typically consists of a full year of supervised clinical experience in an applied setting and takes place before the doctoral degree is awarded. A. postdoctoral internship B. predoctoral internship Pomerantz, Clinical Psychology, 5e SAGE Publishing, 2020 C. first year of graduate school in a PsyD program D. first year of graduate school in a PhD program

B. predoctoral internship

Between 1988 and 2001, the number of PsyD degrees awarded ______. A. more than doubled B. remained constant C. declined by 10% D. increased by 10%

B. remained constant

Demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of APA-accredited doctoral programs offer ______. A. focus groups B. specialty training C. part-time study D. online internships

B. specialty training

Some clinical psychologists criticize the DSM, stating some disorders' symptoms are difficult to distinguish from normal behavior. This criticism best illustrates the debate surrounding ______. A. prescription privileges for clinical psychologists B. the overexpansion of mental disorders C. arbitrary insurance reimbursement practices for psychotherapy services D. the impact of technology on clinical practice

B. the overexpansion of mental disorders

According to the current edition of the APA ethical code, psychologists do not engage in sexual intimacies with current therapy clients ______. A. unless the client has attended therapy for less than five sessions, in which case the client can be transferred to another therapist B. under any circumstances C. unless both the therapist and client live in a very small community where there are few other psychologists or potential sexual partners available D. unless the sexual intimacies are initiated by the client rather than the psychologist

B. under any circumstances

School psychologists ______. A. are not qualified to conduct psychological testing B. work with children in schools and the adults involved in students' lives C. attend medical school and specialize in school psychology D. are not allowed to provide counseling to their clients

B. work with children in schools and the adults involved in students' lives

The term clinical psychology was first used in print in the year ______. A. 1780 B. 1894 C. 1907 D. 1952

C. 1907

A book entitled A Guide to Treatments That Work was published in ______ and represented a significant step in the ______ movement A. 1960; humanistic psychotherapy B. 1990; prescription privileges C. 1998; evidence-based practice D. 2005; psychotherapy via videoconferencing

C. 1998; evidence-based practice

Currently, ______ have passed legislation that grants prescription privileges to appropriately trained psychologists. A. all 50 states B. 31 states C. 5 states D. no states

C. 5 states

According to the most recent edition of the APA ethical code, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding multiple relationships?A. All multiple relationships are unethical B. Multiple relationships are unethical only when the client is harmed by them C. Multiple relationships are unethical only when they can be reasonably expected to cause impairment in the psychologist or risk exploitation or harm of the client D. Multiple relationships are unethical only when they are sexual in nature

C. Multiple relationships are unethical only when they can be reasonably expected to cause impairment in the psychologist or risk exploitation or harm of the client

Based on the APA code of ethics, informed consent for psychotherapy should occur ______. A. once, at the onset of treatment B. twice, before the diagnostic interview and once a treatment plan is created C. as needed throughout the therapy process D. only if requested by the client

C. as needed throughout the therapy process

The term evidence-based practice includes ______. A. the psychological treatment for a disorder B. factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service C. both the psychological treatment of a disorder and factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service D. neither the psychological treatment of a disorder nor factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service

C. both the psychological treatment of a disorder and factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service

Michael's career goal is to become a clinical psychologist who researches the treatment effectiveness of new psychotherapy interventions for bipolar I disorder. He envisions his work setting in academia or at a national research institute. When selecting clinical psychology graduate programs to which he will apply, Michael should focus on programs that adhere to the ______ model of training. A. scientist-practitioner B. practitioner-scholar C. clinical scientist D. learner-seeker

C. clinical scientist

The website of one doctoral training program includes the following statement: "The Clinical Psychology area is dedicated to research and training in clinical science . . . The main training objective . . . is to cultivate the development of scholars through exposure to a rich and multidisciplinary array of research opportunities." This program adheres to the ______ model of training. A. scientist-practitioner B. practitioner-scholar C. clinical scientist D. counseling psychology

C. clinical scientist

A growing emphasis in clinical psychology graduate training is specific ______, or outcome-based skills that a student must be able to demonstrate in areas such as assessment, research, and ethics. A. benchmarks B. specialty tracks C. competencies D. training realms

C. competencies

Based on the discussion in the textbook, a good definition for clinical psychology should ______. A. focus solely on the treatment of patients B. include an emphasis on research and publication C. contain reference to the science, theory, and practice of this broad field D. exclude the behavioral components that contribute to psychological processes

C. contain reference to the science, theory, and practice of this broad field

To maximize the likelihood of obtaining a predoctoral internship, students interested in pursuing graduate training in clinical psychology should ______. A. restrict the number of internship sites to which they apply as a way to save money B. apply to internships in only one or two states C. pursue graduate clinical psychology training from a PhD, rather than a PsyD, program D. apply to internships that are located in the same state as their graduate program

C. pursue graduate clinical psychology training from a PhD, rather than a PsyD, program

Informed consent regarding ______ is best understood as a one-time event, but informed consent regarding ______ is best understood as an ongoing process. A. assessment; research B. behavioral psychotherapy; psychodynamic psychotherapy C. research; psychotherapy D. psychotherapy; research and assessment

C. research; psychotherapy

Disadvantages of the emergence of manualized therapies with empirical support include ______. A. strengthening of the relationship or alliance between therapist and client B. the fact that many clients have relatively simple problems that easily fit into diagnostic categories C. restriction of clinicians to use only empirically supported treatments D. irrefutable criteria for determining which treatments should be identified as empirically supported

C. restriction of clinicians to use only empirically supported treatments

Compared to clinical psychologists, counseling psychologists tend to ______. A. work with clients whose degree of psychopathology is greater B. work in settings such as inpatient psychiatric units C. work in settings such as college counseling centers D. work in settings such as hospitals

C. work in settings such as college counseling centers

The first list of empirically supported treatments was published in ______. A. 1905 B. 1935 C. 1965 D. 1995

D. 1995

The most recent edition of the APA ethics code was published in ______. A. 1962 B. 1976 C. 1990 D. 2002

D. 2002

The ______ section of the current ethical code includes aspirational ideals regarding the behavior of clinical psychologists, as opposed to enforceable rules of conduct. A. Ethical Standards B. Treatment Standards C. Research Standards D. General Principles

D. General Principles

______ authorizes a psychologist to practice independently. A. Successful completion of the predoctoral internship B. Successful completion of the postdoctoral internship C. Successful completion of all graduate courses in an APA-accredited graduate program D. Licensure

D. Licensure

______ was the first person to operate a psychological clinic. A. Richard McFall B. Abraham Maslow C. Alfred Adler D. Lightner Witmer

D. Lightner Witmer

In which of the following states do clinical psychologists currently have prescription privileges? A. Missouri, Indiana, and Texas B. New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin C. Oregon, Nevada, and California D. Louisiana, New Mexico, Illinois, Iowa, and Idaho

D. Louisiana, New Mexico, Illinois, Iowa, and Idaho

Which of the following is NOT true of prescription privileges for clinical psychologists? A. Advocates for prescription privileges for clinical psychologists have made the argument that other nonphysicians have been granted prescription privileges. B. The American Society for the Advancement of Pharmacotherapy was created, in part, to promote prescription privileges for psychologists. C. Psychopharmacology training programs are available for psychologists in the U.S. military. D. Missouri, New Mexico, and Alabama currently allow appropriately trained clinical psychologists to prescribe.

D. Missouri, New Mexico, and Alabama currently allow appropriately trained clinical psychologists to prescribe.

Robert is paying for psychotherapy services with his health insurance. Anne is paying for psychotherapy services out-of-pocket (i.e., with a personal check). Robert is told by his clinical psychologist, Dr. Honores, that he has "several symptoms associated with depression." Anne receives the same diagnostic information. Based on your textbook's discussion of current controversies, which of the following is MOST likely to occur? A. Robert will receive a formal diagnosis of major depressive disorder; Anne will not B. Anne will receive a formal diagnosis of major depressive disorder; Robert will not C. Both Robert and Anne will receive a formal diagnosis of major depressive disorder D. Neither Robert nor Anne will receive a formal diagnosis of major depressive disorder

D. Neither Robert nor Anne will receive a formal diagnosis of major depressive disorder

The landmark court case that established the duty to warn for psychologists was ______. A. Brown v. The Board of Education B. Hughes v. The APA Board of Ethics C. Poddar v. The State of New Mexico D. Tarasoff v. The Regents of the University of California

D. Tarasoff v. The Regents of the University of California

Guidelines regarding the use of new technologies by clinical psychologists include all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. obtain informed consent from clients about the services they may receive, the technologies that may be used to provide them, and the confidentiality of the communication B. ensure client confidentiality as much as possible by using encryption or similar methods C. be knowledgeable about emergency resources in any community from which your clients may seek services D. offer clients the option of using secure methods for conducting therapy sessions online

D. offer clients the option of using secure methods for conducting therapy sessions online

Compared to clinical psychologists, professional counselors ______. A. earn a master's degree rather than a doctoral degree B. place a higher emphasis on psychological testing C. are more likely to conduct extensive research in their training programs D. often specialized in career, school, or addiction counseling

D. often specialized in career, school, or addiction counseling

Research by Cosgrove and colleagues found that ______ of professionals who authored/created the DSM-IV and DSM-5 had financial ties to major pharmaceutical companies. A. less than 1% B. approximately 10% C. approximately 25% D. over 50%

D. over 50%

According to Cummings (2007), ______ of prescriptions written for psychoactive medications come from primary-care physicians. A. under 10% B. 30% C. 50% D. over 80%

D. over 80%

The Boulder model of training is also known as the ______ model of training. A. practitioner-scholar B. clinical scientist C. clinical psychologist D. scientist-practitioner

D. scientist-practitioner

Websites such as psychologicaltreatments.org and effectivechildtherapy.org best illustrate ______. A. the continued growth of and focus on evidence-based practice in clinical psychology B. the ever-increasing presence of the Internet in individuals' lives C. a trend toward providing psychotherapy services online, rather than in person D. the APA's commitment to release all of its major publications online

A. the continued growth of and focus on evidence-based practice in clinical psychology

Lane is attending a clinical psychology graduate program that subscribes to the Boulder Model of training. Which of the following would Lane NOT experience in his program if it truly adheres to the Boulder Model? A. training in psychotherapy and statistics B. an approximately equal emphasis on research and clinical training C. completing original research, such as a dissertation D. minimization of clinical training with a heavy emphasis on research training

D. minimization of clinical training with a heavy emphasis on research training

The first person to use the term clinical psychology in print was ______. A. Lightner Witmer B. Sigmund Freud C. Carl Rogers D. Richard McFall

A. Lightner Witmer

The current edition of the APA ethical code includes two distinct sections: ______ and ______. A. General Principles; Ethical Standards B. Research Standards; Practice Standards C. Assessment Code; Treatment Code D. Aspirational Goals; Enforceable Principles

A. General Principles; Ethical Standards

Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs ______. A. typically place greater emphasis on research-related aspects of training B. are more often housed in "professional schools" rather than departments of psychology in universities C. prepare their graduates to work as researchers in academic settings D. are more likely to require a research-based dissertation

B. are more often housed in "professional schools" rather than departments of psychology in universities

A clinical psychologist who is sufficiently capable, skilled, experienced, and expert to adequately complete the professional tasks they undertake is fulfilling the ethical standard of ______. A. resolving ethical issues B. competence C. multiple relationships D. justice

B. competence

According to the standards related to informed consent in the most recent edition of the APA ethical code, when should psychologists inform clients about psychotherapy? A. "as early as is feasible in the therapeutic relationship" B. "no later than the third meeting between psychologist and client" C. "prior to the first meeting between psychologist and client" D. "only at the request of the client

A. "as early as is feasible in the therapeutic relationship"

Based on current reviews and meta-analyses, we can say that telepsychology generally appears to work ______. A. about as well as in-person forms of psychotherapy B. far worse than in-person forms of psychotherapy C. far better than in-person forms of psychotherapy D. we cannot compare telepsychology and in-person psychotherapy because no studies exist on this topic

A. about as well as in-person forms of psychotherapy

When psychotherapy outcome researchers seek clients on whom to conduct psychotherapy in a study, they typically seek clients who ______. A. are "textbook cases" of the diagnosis the therapy intends to treat B. are simultaneously taking medication for their psychological problems C. have advanced knowledge about psychological disorders D. have previous experience as "test subjects" in clinical research

A. are "textbook cases" of the diagnosis the therapy intends to treat

Compared to clinical psychologists who work and live in large communities, clinical psychologists who work and live in small communities are likely to find the ethical issue of ______ especially challenging. A. multiple relationships B. maintaining confidentiality C. informed consent D. test security

A. multiple relationships

Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs tend to ______. A. place less emphasis on research-related aspects of training and more emphasis on clinically relevant aspects of training B. accept and enroll a much smaller percentage and number of applicants C. offer significantly more funding to enrolled students D. graduate students in a longer time period (about 1.5 years longer)

A. place less emphasis on research-related aspects of training and more emphasis on clinically relevant aspects of training

Two amendments were added to the APA code of ethics in 2010. These amendments emphasize that ______. A. psychologists cannot use ethical standards from the code to justify or defend the violation of human rights B. psychologists must provide both digital and paper copies of informed consent documents to telepsychology patients C. the APA code of ethics is to be followed even when it conflicts with local, state, or federal law D. clinical psychologists must obtain a postdoctoral degree in psychopharmacology in order to receive prescription privileges

A. psychologists cannot use ethical standards from the code to justify or defend the violation of human rights

Psychiatrists ______. A. tend to emphasize biological aspects of clinical problems to a greater extent than clinical psychologists B. earn the same degree and receive the same license as clinical psychologists C. are most likely to use psychotherapy and other "talking cures" to treat patients D. can prescribe medication in all 50 states, while clinical psychologists cannot prescribe in most states

A. tend to emphasize biological aspects of clinical problems to a greater extent than clinical psychologists

A major difference between predoctoral and postdoctoral interns is ______. A. predoctoral interns often have more responsibilities than postdoctoral interns B. predoctoral interns have not yet earned their doctoral degree, while postdoctoral interns have C. predoctoral interns practice under supervision, while postdoctoral interns practice independently D. predoctoral interns work in psychiatric hospitals, while postdoctoral interns work in university counseling centers

B. predoctoral interns have not yet earned their doctoral degree, while postdoctoral interns have

Opponents of prescription privileges for clinical psychologists cite all of the following EXCEPT ______ as support for their argument. A. the need for further training during or after graduate school B. the possibility that the practice of psychotherapy would decline C. professional autonomy and identification for clinical psychologists D. questions about the type and length of required training

C. professional autonomy and identification for clinical psychologists

The most common professional activity of clinical psychologists since at least the 1970s is ______. A. diagnosis/assessment B. research/writing C. psychotherapy D. teaching

C. psychotherapy

Currently, there are more clinical psychology graduate programs subscribing to the ______ model of training than any other model. A. counselor educator B. practitioner-scholar C. scientist-practitioner D. clinical scientist

C. scientist-practitioner

Advantages of the emergence of manualized therapies with empirical support include ______. A. an increase in unique, idiosyncratic forms of therapy created by individual psychotherapists B. increased reliance on the clinical judgment of each psychotherapist C. the establishment of minimal levels of competence for the field D. enhanced autonomy for clinicians as they deliver psychotherapy services

C. the establishment of minimal levels of competence for the field

Dr. Goldfarb is contacted by Shannon, an adult seeking personality testing for herself. Dr. Goldfarb has extensive experience with child personality assessment, but it has been some years since he administered an adult personality instrument. Which of the following responses could Dr. Goldfarb give to Shannon and remain in compliance with the APA code of ethics? A. "I'm quite experienced with personality assessment, so I'd be happy to schedule an appointment with you, Shannon." B. "I usually conduct personality assessments with children, but I have a colleague who will loan me his adult assessment materials, so we can schedule an appointment." C. "I generally only perform personality assessments with children. I can refer you to a colleague who has a good deal of experience with adult personality assessment." D. "It has been several years since I've conducted an assessment of adult personality. As such, I'm happy to offer a discounted price to conduct your assessment."

C. "I generally only perform personality assessments with children. I can refer you to a colleague who has a good deal of experience with adult personality assessment."

Many state licensing boards have ______ regulations, which are consistent with the APA code of ethic's mandate that psychologists develop and maintain their competence. A. cultural competence B. seminar attendance C. continuing education D. burnout

C. continuing education

Patrick DeLeon, Morgan Sammons, and Robert McGrath are best known as advocates ______. A. for evidence-based psychotherapies B. for computer-based psychotherapies C. for prescription privileges for clinical psychologists D. against evidence-based psychotherapies

C. for prescription privileges for clinical psychologists

The number of health insurance/managed care companies that pay for psychotherapy services has ______. A. decreased since the earliest days of psychotherapy B. remained constant throughout the history of psychotherapy C. increased since the earliest days of psychotherapy D. not yet occurred, but is expected to begin within the next decade

C. increased since the earliest days of psychotherapy

Since the first edition of the APA ethics code, ______ revised editions of the ethical code have been published. A. zeroth B. second C. ninth D. 20

C. ninth

Nonsexual multiple relationships between a clinical psychologist and a client are ______. A. always unethical B. never unethical if initiated by the client C. unethical if they can be expected to impair the psychologist's competence or risk exploiting the client D. unethical only if the client actually experiences harm or exploitation ("no harm, no foul")

C. unethical if they can be expected to impair the psychologist's competence or risk exploiting the client

According to the APA ethical code, which of these scenarios is unlikely to be considered a multiple relationship? A. A psychologist sees an adult client in psychotherapy and also engages in sexual intimacies with that client B. A psychologist conducts an assessment with a client and also engages in a nonsexual friendship with that client C. A psychologist sees a child client in psychotherapy and also enters into a business partnership with that client's parent D. A psychologist realizes that his secretary's second cousin works at the bakery he often frequents

D. A psychologist realizes that his secretary's second cousin works at the bakery he often frequents

Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. An ethical clinical psychologist should never break a child client's confidentiality to report child abuse B. Less than half of the states in the United States have laws requiring mental health professionals to break confidentiality to report known or suspected child abuse C. A psychologist must abide by a child client's request to withhold information about treatment from parents D. Therapists working with child clients often attempt to negotiate an arrangement in which parents will not be informed of what the child discloses except under specified conditions

D. Therapists working with child clients often attempt to negotiate an arrangement in which parents will not be informed of what the child discloses except under specified conditions

For the profession of clinical psychology, confidentiality ______. A. is absolute B. should be negotiated with a client at the onset of treatment C. does not apply to legal minors D. can ethically be broken in specific situations

D. can ethically be broken in specific situations

Which of the following is NOT among the ethical principles listed in the most recent edition of the APA ethical code? A. beneficence and nonmaleficence B. integrity C. Respect for People's Rights and Dignity D. fair billing and reporting

D. fair billing and reporting

Social workers ______. A. typically earn a doctoral degree B. undergo training that places heavy emphasis on research methods and psychological testing C. emphasize the biological causes of mental illness D. focus on the interaction between an individual and components of society

D. focus on the interaction between an individual and components of society

Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs typically ______. A. accept a smaller percentage of applicants B. offer significantly more funding to enrolled students in the form of graduate assistantships, fellowships, and tuition remission C. produce graduates who score higher on the national licensing exam (EPPP) D. have lower rates of success placing their students in APA-accredited predoctoral internships

D. have lower rates of success placing their students in APA-accredited predoctoral internships

Carrie is writing a personal statement to include with her application to a clinical psychology graduate program. Which of the following should she NOT include in her personal statement? A. discussion of her clinical psychology career aspirations B. her research and clinical interests C. more detailed discussion of clinical or research experiences listed on her vita D. overly personal or revealing information, such as a mental health diagnosis

D. overly personal or revealing information, such as a mental health diagnosis

The second most common work setting for clinical psychologists since the 1980s is ______. A. private practice B. medical schools C. psychiatric hospitals D. university psychology departments

D. university psychology departments

Tatiana Tarasoff ______. A. is the chair of the committee that created the most recent edition of the APA code of ethics B. was the author of the tripartite model of personal identity C. is a leading researcher in the field of informed consent for psychotherapy D. was a college student whose murder resulted in the creation of the duty to warn

D. was a college student whose murder resulted in the creation of the duty to warn