exam 10 33-36

When should the EMT use the APGAR scoring system on a newborn?

1 & 5 mins after baby delivered

The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _______________ months of age, and the suture of the posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _______________ months of age.

18,6

Assessment of a newborn indicates that his heart rate is 120 beats per minute. How many points should he be awarded according to the APGAR scoring system?

2

After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within:

2 sec

blood pressure is usually not assessed in childnren younger than years

3

The EMT is performing CPR on a neonate. Which one of the following is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio?

3 comp to every 1 vent

A coworker is telling you about a recent run in which he provided care to a preschooler. Based on this description, you know that age of the patient would have been:

3-6 years

The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed _______________ breaths/min.

60

Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than:

6yes

Which of the following patients is at highest risk for a pulmonary embolism?

71yo male with recent surgery to a lower ex

You have just delivered a baby boy. His body is pink, but his hands and feet are blue. His heart rate approximately 110 beats/min and his respirations are rapid and irregular. He has a weak cry when stimulated and resists attempts to straighten his legs. His Apgar score is:

8

Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child?

82mmhg

What would be the minimally acceptable blood pressure for a 9-year-old girl who is suffering from a significant bleed from broken glass?

88mmhg

Which one of the following statements best indicates that the patient is in the second stage of labor?

I feel like I have to move my bowels

You are assessing a 5-year-old boy who is complaining of arm pain after falling down three steps. As you assess the patient, he tries to bite you when you lay hands on him. His mother is at his side. Which of the following statements is appropriate to make regarding the behavior of biting?

I know that you dont feel good but biting is not okay

Which of the following statements made by the EMT is most appropriate regarding dealing with caregivers and children during a medical emergency?

I try to include the caregiviver in all tht I do with his or her child so that the child and caregiver can feel more comfy

Prior to delivery, the EMT prepares to create a sterile field around his patient's vaginal opening. Which one of the following describes the best way to do that?

Place a sheet from the OB kit under the patient's hips and another over her abdomen and legs.

Family members tell you that three hours ago, their 76-year-old mother suddenly became confused and had great difficulty speaking. However, within 15 minutes she returned to normal. Based on this description, the EMT should be suspicious of:

TIA

Which of the following occurs during true labor?

Uterine contractions become more regular

The EMT would recognize which one of the following babies as premature?

a baby weighing 7lbs 4oz and 37 wks

A patient has a dialysis AV graft in his right forearm. Which one of the following is true?

a bp cant be taken from the right arm

Spina bifida is a developmental defect in which:

a portion of the spinal cord or meninges protrudes outside of the vertebrae

An EMT has been called for a 16-year-old female with vaginal bleeding. On scene he finds out that the patient is pregnant and has been bleeding for three hours. Which one of the following statements indicates that the EMT is providing proper care?

a. "I am going to put this sanitary napkin between your legs to try to slow the bleeding."

You have been summoned to a grocery store for a 6-year-old girl who has collapsed. On scene, you find the girl lying unresponsive on the floor. Quickly you open the airway and determine that she is not breathing. When you try to ventilate her with the bag-valve mask, you are unable to do so. Repositioning the head and reattempting ventilation is not successful in passing air into the lungs. Your next action would be to:

administer 30 chest compressions

A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by:

age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone and good eye contact

During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS:

allow the fam to observe if they wish

You have been called for a 6-year-old girl who has vomited once and is complaining of abdominal pain. When you are performing the secondary assessment and obtaining a medical history, which action by you would be considered most appropriate?

allowing the child to play with stethscope before lustening to her lungs

At a nursing home, a nurse informs you that the patient you will be transporting has a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in place. To find this catheter, you should look at the patient's:

antecubital fossa

You suspect that the bruising to the face of an 88-year-old female is the result of abuse by her caregiver. On scene which one of the following is most appropriate?

apply ice to the brusie and transport the patient to the ED

Patients who have experienced even minor-appearing head injuries should be suspected of having a brain injury, especially if they:

are taking blood thinng meds

When assessing a 32-year-old mentally retarded patient, you note the protrusion of a clamped tube from her back in the area of her right kidney. What should you do to immediately determine what the tube is and why it is in place?

ask fam members

A patient with advanced Alzheimer's disease cannot provide an accurate medical history. To get this information, the EMT should:

ask fam members about the patients past med history

The mother of a mentally retarded male who is biting his hands called 911 for a jagged laceration to his right hand that is bleeding. As you attempt to control the bleeding by providing direct pressure, the patient continually pulls his hand away and screams. At this time, what should you do?

ask the ptients mother to hold direct pressure to the laceration

The mother of a 3-year-old boy has called 911 because her son has a low-grade fever and difficulty breathing. On scene, you are suspicious that the boy is suffering from croup. Which of the following statements made by the mother would reinforce this suspicion?

at night, he seems to get a barking like cough

A confused patient with a tracheostomy tube is breathing shallowly at eight times per minute. He is nonverbal because of the tracheostomy and has an SpO2 at 81% on room air. Which one of the following should you do?

attacth a BVM device to the trachea and start ventilato

Upon delivery of an infant's head, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. You should:

attemot to slip the cord over the infants head

A female patient who is eight and a half months pregnant states that she does not feel well. She denies chest pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness. She states that she did vomit earlier in the morning and still feels somewhat nauseated. She is alert and oriented and has a patent airway. She is breathing 18 times per minute and has a heart rate of 88 beats per minute. Her blood pressure is 116/70 mmHg. The most appropriate care for this patient should include:

b. oxygen at 15 lpm via nonrebreather face mask.

The mother of a 2-year-old has called EMS because her son has an axillary temperature of 103.2°F. On scene, your assessment reveals the boy to confused and lethargic with a rectal temperature of 104.1°F. When caring for this child, you would:

b. remove the child's clothes and sponge with tepid water.

When assessing or providing care to a patient with an intellectual disability, you should:

be observan for signs of fear or reluctance from the patient

Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of:

bleeding in brain

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Apgar score?

body size

Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the:

brain

The ONLY indications for placing your gloved fingers in the vagina during delivery are:

breech presentation and prolapsed umbilical cord

When he is assessing a 3-year-old child for possible injuries after the child fell down a flight of stairs, which of the following would raise the EMT's suspicion that the child may be a victim of physical abuse?

bruises are found on his chest and abdomen

Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT:

bulging frontalles

After a 7 year-old boy's father who is complaining of chest pain is placed on a stretcher and taken from the house, the boy throws a temper tantrum. His mother is embarrassed and states that he has not done this since he was two years old. Given the situation, your response would be:

c. "I would not be concerned. This is a stressful event he doesn't understand, and he may just be having trouble coping with it."

A 6-month-old has been stung on the tongue after putting a bottle in his mouth that had a bee on the nipple. In comparison to the same injury in an adult, why would the EMT be more concerned with this child?

c. The child's tongue is proportionally larger, increasing the chance of airway occlusion from even minor swelling.

Which of the following statements regarding the placenta is correct?

c. The placenta allows oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other products to transfer between the mother and fetus but does not allow blood to mix between the mother and fetus.

In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by:

c. generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase.

When getting a medical history from a patient, you refer to him as Mr. Adamo. He stops you and asks you to call him Robert. You should:

call him robert

the umbilical cord

carries oxygen to the baby via the umbilical vein.

A 77-year-old male who is blind and has a guide dog called 911 for chest pain. On scene you note no immediate life threats and now must move him to the stretcher, located in another room. Which one of the following is most appropriate, given his impairment of sight?

carry him to the stretcher

An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum- based product because it may:

cause the child to vomit

EMTs are dispatched for a fall. The patient, a 16-year-old female with Down syndrome, is experiencing difficulty walking and says that her fingers "feel like needles." The EMTs should suspect:

cervical spine injury

Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct?

children are more likely to experience driving related injuries

You have been called to a residence for a patient who is sick and not feeling well. The patient has multiple medical problems and is bed confined, with care provided by family members. The patient has a gastric tube and indwelling urinary catheter. Which one of the following should raise your suspicion that the patient is suffering from a urinary tract infection?

cloudy urine in the bag of the urinary catherer

A patient has an intraventricular shunt. As such, you recognize that there is a problem with what system in the body?

cns

You have been summoned for a diabetic patient with altered mental status. Which one of the following signs would cause you to suspect that the patient is suffering from hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)?

compliant of thirst and dry mouth

The EMT should recognize a Texas catheter when he observes a:

condom like device over the patients penis

After you obtain a refusal at a residence in a neighborhood, a couple approaches the ambulance and inform you that they have concerns that a 6-year-old child may be being physically abused in a home two doors away. They state that they heard the child crying and what sounded like physical abuse occurring. In this situation, you would:

contact the police and wait in the ambulance till they arrive

The onset of labor begins with:

contractions of the uterus

Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT:

cyanosis

You have been called to a crisis shelter for a patient possibly having a baby. On scene you find an older female patient who is mentally retarded and cannot communicate with you. Staff states that the patient just came to the shelter and they know nothing about her, other than that she is pregnant. Assessment reveals crowning, and you proceed to deliver what appears to be a healthy baby boy. When assessing the mother after delivery, which one of the following signs should increase the EMT's suspicion that the woman may be carrying twins?

d. The mother's abdomen remains large after delivery of the baby.

A common cause of shock in an infant is:

dehydration from vomitting and diarrhea

The slow onset of progressive disorientation, shortened attention span, and loss of cognitive function is known as:

dementia

When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should:

depress the tongue with a tongue depressor

When assessing a geriatric patient who has possibly experienced an acute ischemic stroke, it is MOST important to:

determin the onset of the patients sysmtpos

You have been called to a lower-income housing complex for a 4-year-old who is short of breath and has a fever. When assessing this patient, you would employ which of the following techniques?

determining the respiratory rate before laying hands on child

placenta previa is defined aws

development of the placenta over the cervical oepning

An elderly female has fallen down three steps and is complaining of back pain. After you perform the primary assessment, which one of the following questions will illicit the next important piece of needed information?

did you become dizzy before ya fell

As soon as the baby is delivered from the vaginal canal, it is critical that the EMT immediately:

dry and warm the newborn

Your partner informs you that he believes the 90-year-old male you are caring for is dehydrated. Which one of the following signs or symptoms best reinforces his suspicion of dehydration?

dry mouth and tongue

After the fetus has descended into the pelvis at the end of the third trimester, many mothers experience

easier breeathing

After receiving inconsistent stories from both caregivers, you suspect the bruise to a baby's back to be the result of child abuse. How should you document this on the prehospital care report?

ecchymosis to upper back, just below right scapula

The family of a geriatric patient has called 911. The patient is confused and exhibiting inappropriate behavior. On scene they inform you that he is a diabetic, but takes pills and not insulin. They also state that he has been complaining of dizziness and has been drinking water nonstop as well as urinating. Assessment reveals adequate breathing, skin that is cool, and a radial pulse that is rapid and weak. Based on this history, you should be suspicious of and treat the patient for:

elveated blood sug

A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. You should:

encourgae him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport

Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must:

ensure that the airway Is patent and lear of obstrcutions

Which of the following is the MOST common mechanism of injury in older patients?

falls

When assessing a patient from an extended care facility, you note the presence of an ostomy bag. As such, you realize that the patient has impaired function of:

fecal elimination

Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis?

females

When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial or _______________ pulse.

femoral

An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by:

grunting

Patients with autism:

have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps.

An elderly patient may understate or minimize the symptoms of his or her illness because:

he or she feels hospitilization

All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT:

head bobbing

signs and symptopms of preeclampsia incldue

headache and edema

Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if:

his or her tidal volume is adequate

A 75-year-old woman complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following findings should alert the EMT to the possibility of a pulmonary embolism?

history of deeep venous thrombosis

You arrive at the residence of a physician who informs you that his pregnant wife requires immediate transport to the hospital because she is bleeding and has a history of abruptio placenta. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should recognize that the greatest threat to the baby is:

hypoxia

Which of the following statements regarding gestational diabetes is correct?

in some cases, women with gestatinal diabetes require insulin injections

Which of the following are normal physiologic changes that occur in the mother's respiratory system during pregnancy?

increased resp rate and decreased resp reserve

A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. His skin is pale and cold and his arms are stiff. You should:

inform the childs mother that her son is dead

When suctioning a 46-year-old male with a tracheostomy tube, which one of the following is appropriate?

insert the suction cannula until resistance is emt

You have been called for a 4-year-old female who is short of breath. Her mother informs you that she has had a fever and runny nose for two days and today began to have difficulty breathing. Furthermore, she is having a difficult time waking her up. Your assessment reveals her to be responsive to painful stimuli and breathing at 12 times a minute with minimal chest and abdominal rise and fall. Her skin is warm to the touch with cyanosis around the lips. Your partner informs you that her heart rate is 124 beats per minute. You find the girl lying in bed exhibiting snoring respirations despite application of a manual airway opening technique. Your immediate action in caring for this child next is:

insertion of a nasal airway

You have completed the assessment of a 32-year-old patient who is starting her seventh month of pregnancy. Which one of the following assessment findings should the EMT be most concerned about?

intermittent vaginal bleeding

The EMT shows she understands resuscitation of the newborn when she states:

interventions should be perfromed for 30 seconds followed by reassesment

Which one of the following statements about abuse is true?

its found in all socioeconomic leevls

You have just delivered a premature baby. Your assessment reveals that he is breathing adequately; however, his heart rate is 90 beats/min. You should:

keep him warm and ventilate with a bvm

You have been called to an assisted living facility to transport a patient who has been vomiting continuously for six hours. She is responsive to verbal stimuli. The patient suffers from arthritis and severe kyphosis. How should you transport this patient on the stretcher?

left lateral recumbent position

Because hearing-impaired patients typically have more difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds, it is important for you to:

lower the pitch of ya voice

You have been asked to deliver a talk about EMS and the geriatric population. Which one of the following points would you emphasize in your presentation?

many of the elderly have a cimbination of diffrent diseases in the various stages

Which of the following statements regarding twins is correct?

most twins are born within 45 mins of eacother

You have been called for a geriatric patient with advanced dementia. The staff at the skilled nursing facility believes her to be suffering from a urinary tract infection. At bedside, you find her to be confused and aggressive. She is on constant oxygen at 3 lpm for COPD. During transport, she repeatedly spits and tries to strike you. Which one of the following is your best response?

move away from patient so she cant strike you

Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury?

nausea and vomit

A neighbor has called 911 for an 83-year-old female who is bedridden and cared for by her son. On scene the woman complains of a headache and has a blood pressure of 244/156 mmHg. When asked, the patient states that her son will not get her prescription for her blood pressure medications filled. If verified, this could be an example of:

neglet

On scene you are presented with a 21-year-old female who suffers from multiple disfigurements due to birth defects. She is nonverbal and according to her home health nurse, has a fever, which requires evaluation in the hospital emergency department. While on scene, your partner states that he helped transport her last week for the same condition. When obtaining the patient's past medical history, which source should be tried first?

nurse

The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a child during bag-valve mask ventilations is to:

observe the chest for adequate rise

Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is:

older than 8-10 years

You have just arrived by the side of a nonverbal patient with snoring respirations. The caregiver states that they were eating lunch when she suddenly collapsed face first onto the table. She also states that she has a history of a stroke, high blood pressure, and colon cancer. Which one of the following is the EMT's priority for this patient?

open and look into the patients mouth

When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to:

oxygen tubing through a hoel in a paper cup

To find an implanted port on a patient, the EMT should:

palpate the anterior chest

You have been called for a conscious and alert 83-year-old male complaining of a fever for three days. He has a history of peripheral vascular disease. When assessing the patient's circulation, you have a difficult time feeling his radial pulse. Which one of the following should you do next?

palpate the caroitd pulse

An older woman with osteoporosis presents with pain and deformity to her left hip after she shifted her weight onto her other foot. She has MOST likely experienced a(n):

pathologic frac

A 2-year-old child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:

perform abdominal thrusts

You have been called to a home by neighbors because they are concerned for the welfare of the children inside. On scene, you find two children left by themselves. They are playing in a filthy room with no light or heat. They are dirty and have insect bites all over their bodies. One is in a soiled diaper and has hard stool caked to the buttocks. The EMT would best recognize this situation as one of:

physical neglet

A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. You should:

place her in a left lateral recumbent positon

Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should:

place him or her on a firm surface

You are immobilizing a 4-year-old-boy on a long spine board. Which of the following would be appropriate when performing this intervention?

place padding between his shoulders and the spine board

Why is the uterus essential to a healthy pregnancy?

powerfully contracts to force the fetus from the mothers body

After positive pressure ventilation, a newborn's heart rate improves from 80 to 120 beats per minute. The EMT should:

provei blow by oxygen

An 84-year-old male complains of generalized weakness and left shoulder pain, described as an "ache." He also states mild shortness of breath, but has clear lungs sounds and a SpO2 at 97%. When asked, he claims that the discomfort started after getting out of bed two hours ago. He denies any known injury to his shoulder or back. He has a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, TIA, and irritable bowel syndrome. Family members state that he has early dementia. There are no obvious life threats and his vital signs are normal for his age. Which one of the following is your best treatment for this patient?

provide oxygen and treat as a cardiac patient

If a newborn's heart rate is less than 60 beats/min following delivery, you should:

provide ventilations for 3o sec

You have been called to an apartment for a child who is sick. As you approach the 4-year-old boy, you note that he is sitting upright in his mother arms with his chin thrust forward. He has a very lethargic and sickly appearance and is drooling. His airway appears open and his breathing is adequate. His radial pulse is strong and his skin is hot to the touch. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate in the care of this patient?

provision of blow by oxygen

While examining a woman in labor, you see the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. You should:

push the infants head away from the cord

Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS?

putting a baby to sleep on their back

You have been called for an unknown medical emergency. On scene you are presented with an 84-year-old patient who is confused and does not obey commands. Which one of the following would assist you best in determining the patient's normal mental status?

questin family members

Which of the following does NOT usually contribute to or cause obesity?

rapid metabolim

When assessing a dialysis patient and his AV graft, which one of the following is of most concern?

red and hot skin at the graft site

General care for a patient with a tracheostomy tube includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

removing the tube if the area around it appears to be infected

When enlisting the help of an interpreter who signs, it is important for you to ask the interpreter to:

report exactly what the patient signs and not to add any commentary

Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include:

restlessness

drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called

retracting

Which of the following is NOT generally considered an obstetrical emergency?

return of contractions follwoing delivery of the baby

When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should:

secure the torso before the head

In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with:

severe hypoxia and bradycardia

You have been called for an 84-year-old female who fell and hit her head. The patient is confused and has a laceration to her forehead. When getting the history from family members, which statement suggests that the patient is suffering from delirium?

she could not remember her name yesteday

An EMT is on scene with a two-year-old female. Which of the following would the EMT best recognize as neglect or abuse?

she has bruises to her legs, arms and torso

Bruising to the _______________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse.

shins

An 8-year-old child was chasing his dog when he ran out into the street and was struck by a car. He is responsive to verbal stimuli and has an unstable pelvis and a bruise to the side of his face. His airway is open and his breathing is rapid and shallow. His radial pulse is rapid and weak and his skin is cool, moist, and diaphoretic. He also has burns and abrasions to his back after being thrown by the car onto the hot pavement. Based on these assessment findings, the EMT would treat the patient for what condition?

shock

A tube from the brain to the abdomen that drains excessive cerebrospinal fluid is called a:

shunt

While delivering a baby, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around the baby's neck. Which one of the following should you do immediately?

slip the cord over the shoudlers

You are responding to a low-income apartment complex for a 16-year-old who is five weeks pregnant and experiencing vaginal bleeding. When mentally reviewing possible causes of hemorrhage for this patient, which one of the following should you be prepared to encounter?

spontaneous abortion

You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. You should:

stabilize his head and check for a pulse

To best communicate with a geriatric patient who has diminished eyesight, the EMT should do which one of the following?

stand in front of the patient and talk calmy

The APGAR scoring system is useful in determining:

status of overall condition

A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called:

stidor

As the head of a baby is delivered, the EMT identifies the presence of meconium. Which one of the following shows that the EMT is properly managing the situation?

stop pushing I need to take time to suction the mouth and nose

You have been called for a 77-year-old female with altered mental status. On scene you note the patient to be unable to speak and with vomitus in her airway. Her breathing is labored and inadequate, and radial pulse rapid and weak. She is not moving her right arm or right leg. Which one of the following should be your first priority?

suction the airway and ensure adequate breathing

Which of the following statements regarding suctioning of a newborn's mouth and oropharynx is correct?

suctioning is indicated prior to cutting the cord if respiratory distress is present

While assessing a patient withs altered mental status, you note a catheter-like device protruding from the center of the patient's pelvic region. This is most likely a(n):

suprapubic catherer

Airway management can be challenging in patients with Down syndrome because their:

teeth are misaligned and they ahve a large tongue

A patient complaining of nausea and vomiting has called 911. When obtaining a past medical history, the patient informs you that he suffered a transient ischemic attack (TIA) two months ago. Based on this, what should the EMT expect to find?

the absence of any neurlogical deficits

A 69-year-old female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She is semiconscious with a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 74 beats/min that is weak. Her daughter, who was uninjured in the crash, tells you that her mother has a history of hypertension and takes beta-blockers. Considering the fact that this patient is probably in shock, what is the MOST likely explanation for the absence of tachycardia?

the effects of her antihypersensivve meds

Which of the following assessment findings related to the mental status of a 1-year-old would the EMT consider normal?

the pateint is curious about your pen light

Which one of the following best describes the term "silent heart attack"?

the patient had little to no chest pain or discomoft

abruptio placenta occurs when

the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall.

Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when

the pregnant uterus compresses the inferior vena cava

Following delivery of the placenta, the mother is experiencing vaginal bleeding. After massaging the uterine fundus and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the bleeding stops. This occurred because:

these actions simulate the production of oxytocin and cause uterine contraction

When transporting a stable older patient to the hospital, the MOST effective way to reduce his or her anxiety is to:

tranposrt him or her to a hopsital that her or she Is fam with

You are preparing to transport an 86-year-old female complaining of altered mental status and nausea and vomiting. Which one of the following measures would best decrease the chance of the patient getting aspiration pneumonia?

transpor in a semi fowlers position

Which one of the following statements made by a pregnant patient in labor should be of most concern to the EMT?

water broke 2 days ago

Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include:

weak distal pulses

An infant is considered to be premature if it:

weighs less than 5 pounds or is born before 36 weeks' gestation.

While attempting resuscitation on a baby with a probable case of SIDS, which of the following questions would be appropriate for the EMT to ask the mother?

were there any problems with the pregnancy or his birth

Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT:

wheezing