exam 2 ch 6 quiz

__________ research involves using previously compiled information to answer research questions.

Archival

Which of the following is a limitation of naturalistic observations?

Field research is very difficult to do and can be very time-consuming.

Which of the following is TRUE about naturalistic observation studies?

Informed consent may be given verbally.

What is the purpose for developing a coding system?

It ensures that behaviors are measured systematically.

Which of the following best describes a quantitative approach?

It involves numerical data and relies on statistical analyses to draw conclusions.

Which of the following is a major problem with the use of archival data?

The desired records may be difficult to obtain and the information collected by someone else may not be accurate.

What is participant observation?

The observer is actively engaged with the participants.

What is nonparticipant observation?

The observer remains attuned only to the participants' behaviors and the observer is an outsider who is not active in the setting.

Dr. Jones is interested in hybristophilia, a rare paraphilia in which people are attracted to those who have committed crimes. Dr. Jones is most likely to conduct

a case study.

Dr. Jones is conducting a study in which he is observing how parents play with their children. When training his research assistants, he tells them to document how many times the parents smile at their children, frown at their children, encourage their children, and correct their children. This is most clearly an example of

a coding system

________ is the methodical analysis of existing documents.

content analysis

If a researcher is interested in concealing his or her purpose to participants, what should be considered?

ethical guidelines and setting specific characteristics

Which of the following can help enhance reliability?

high agreement among multiple raters coding behaviors

Case studies are used to describe

individuals businesses neighborhoods all of the above

Which of the following is a methodological issue in systematic observation research?

interrater reliability reactivity concerns equipment needed ALL ARE ISSUES

Dr. V should use ___________ to describe and understand how homeless people live.

naturalistic observation

Which of the following is a type of observational method?

naturalistic observation case studies archival research ALL OF THEM

Naturalistic observation requires accurate description and ___________ interpretations.

objective

Which of the following is an example of a naturalistic setting?

oncology patients receiving treatment at a hospital

Which of the following is NOT a type of archival research data?

oral statements

Which of the following is NOT a quantitative description?

personal explanations for not wearing seatbelts

A(n) _________ is a type of case study in which a researcher applies psychological theory to explain the life of an individual.

psychobiography

Imagine that you are interested in learning about graduate school dropout rates among female engineering students. You obtain a small sample of eight women who left their PhD programs and you decide that you will interview them to explore similar themes in their experiences. What type of research approach would you be utilizing?

qualitative method

Of the potential methodological issues, which one refers to concern that an observer's presence will influence participant behaviors?

reactivity

Of the potential methodological issues, which one refers to the ways observations of behavior are coded by multiple raters?

reliability

Of the potential methodological issues, which one refers to the procedures employed when recruiting participants?

sampling

Assume that you are interested in analyzing data from a national sample, but you have limited financial resources to do so. Which of the following resources can be used to obtain this type of archival survey data?

the General Social Survey (GSS)

Which of the following is NOT a component of systematic observation?

the researcher allows the observations to drive the hypotheses and findings

What is the purpose of conducting naturalistic observation research?

to provide an accurate description of what occurred in a particular setting