exam 2 community health

1. In caring for migrant workers and their families, the nurse should first assess the migrant workers' lifestyle and which of the following as the priority? a. Communicable diseases b. Educational level c. Housing arrangements d. Pesticide exposure

c

6. Which is an example of secondary prevention of infectious disease? a. Malaria chemoprophylaxis b. Immunizations c. Quarantine d. Restaurant inspections

c

1. The population group that is likely to be the most vulnerable is which of the following? a. Children with a family history of sickle cell disease b. Homeless pregnant teens in a substance abuse program c. Native Americans at risk for diabetes d. Overweight children

b

2. A 6 year old is brought to the emergency department with a full-body rash and fever. During the nursing assessment, which of the following findings would be most relevant to recognizing the case as potential smallpox rather than varicella? a. Fever has responded to acetaminophen, and the child is playful. b. Fever of 101°F was present for several days before the rash appeared. c. Low-grade fever (100°F or less) has been present ever since the rash became obvious. d. Rash is primarily on the trunk of the body.

b

5. During an assessment of a family of four, the nurse completes a genogram. What does the nurse use this assessment tool to identify? a. Behavioral health risk b. Biological health risk c. Nonnormative life events d. Normative age-related risk

b

7. Which of the following is a population-level tertiary prevention intervention for those with HIV in the community? a. HIV test results counseling b. Needle exchange c. Partner notification d. Standard precautions education

d

3. A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children age 15 years old and younger. Only four cases of meningitis were reported in the public health region during the previous year. No other public health region in the state has an incidence of meningitis that is higher than expected for that region. Based on the information given, the relative frequency of meningitis in the region at this time can best be described as: a. endemic. b. epidemic. c. pandemic. d. sporadic.

b

3. The HCC model process relies on a problem-solving approach to achieve goals. The best example of this approach is which of the following? a. Community activists lobbying their state legislature to mandate increased primary care access b. Community-oriented nurses using the nine-step Community Health Promotion Model (CHPM) to encourage and empower community members to take responsibility for change c. Health care professionals working independently to determine priorities for their community and then educating their community about these health-promotion needs d. Teachers using health-promotion curricula to reduce teenage smoking in their community

b

3. The levels of government responsible for carrying out the five government health care functions of direct services, financing, information, policy setting, and public protection are: a. federal and state. b. federal, state, and local. c. all, but primarily state and local. d. all, but primarily federal and state.

b

4. A migrant worker comes to the migrant health clinic holding the abdomen and complaining of empacho. The nurse may encounter this complaint when dealing with migrant workers who are natives of which country? a. Guatemala b. Haiti c. Mexico d. Panama

b

5. A business executive develops flu-like symptoms 1 day after returning by air from a trans-Atlantic 2-day conference that involved lengthy meetings. The scenario best illustrates the interaction of: a. host and agent. b. host, agent, and environment. c. risk and causality. d. morbidity and disease.

b

6. A district health nurse is assigned to two rural communities in the state. To achieve the best outcomes possible in reducing the health disparities for the large number of frail elderly clients in the two counties, the nurse should consider using what community-oriented nursing approach? a. Assessment b. Case management c. Geriatrics d. Tertiary prevention

b

6. The health policy-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO) released a policy statement on nursing and midwifery in 2013. What is important for nurses to understand about WHO policy statements? Such statements: a. apply only to underdeveloped countries. b. are guides for in-country initiatives and priorities. c. carry the weight of international law. d. provide mandates for in-country legislatures.

b

6. The nurse teaches all clients primary prevention for STDs. Which topic does the nurse include? a. Partner notification b. Safer sex c. Standard precautions d. STD testing

b

7. A nurse is concerned about the accuracy of the purified protein derivative (tuberculin) test in screening individuals with tuberculosis exposure for follow-up chest radiography. The nurse's concern is related to which aspect of the test's validity? a. Reliability b. Sensitivity c. Specificity d. Variability

b

7. A public health nurse (PHN) has identified a need to make amendments to an existing health-related law. The nurse knows the amendment of any existing laws would ultimately be decided by which of the following? a. Executive branch of government b. Legislative branch of government c. Local representative d. Senate hearings

b

7. In an effort to address West Nile virus, a community increased livestock immunization, began a vector control program, and initiated a community campaign to eliminate standing water reservoirs. Which approach to communicable disease control does this approach exemplify? a. Health education b. Multisystem approach c. Improved public health infrastructure d. Reduction of environmental hazards

b

7. The nurse knows the Ottawa Charter identified the most effective health-promotion action as: a. creating supportive environments. b. developing health-promoting public policy. c. reorienting health services. d. strengthening community action.

b

8. Which of the following is the best example of action by a case manager that might be associated with potential liability risk related to experimental treatment and technology? a. Inappropriately recommending that treatment be curtailed when treatment was actually needed b. Failing to apply the contractual definition of "experimental" treatment found in the client's insurance policy c. Substituting the case manager's clinical judgment for that of the insurer's medical director d. Upcoding intensity of care or intervention requirements

b

9. An unemployed individual with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) develops recurrent opportunistic infections that require repeated visits to the health clinic and the purchase of various medications to combat the infections and treat their associated side effects. This best demonstrates how health status can be related to: a. barriers to access. b. chronic stress. c. cumulative risk. d. socially based inequity.

b

9. When the association between maternal alcohol use and low birth weight is being studied, the nurse investigator's failure to consider the variable of smoking could introduce bias into the observed association, because smoking has a correlation with both factors. This effect could best be described as: a. causality. b. confounding. c. information bias. d. selection bias.

b

1. Contracting with families represents a shared effort by the client(s) and the community health nurse to increase healthful choices. This method of shared effort and active equal involvement of the nurse and family is appropriate for which types of families? (Select all that apply.) a. All families b. Families capable of taking responsibility c. Families oriented toward self-care d. Families seeking ambitious goals e. Families with poor coping skills

b, c

1. The community health nurse can serve as an advocate for the vulnerable migrant population by engaging in which of the following actions? (Select all that apply.) a. Becoming culturally and linguistically competent b. Collecting necessary data on migrant workers' lifestyle and health status c. Educating communities about the migrant workers in their areas d. Educating policymakers about successful programs for migrant workers e. Using lay health workers to provide health education in migrant camps

b, c, d

2. Which of the following interventions are appropriately matched to the home visit phase? (Select all that apply.) a. Initiation phase: Initiate contact with the family. b. Pre-visit phase: Review referral and/or family recorded. c. In-home phase: Introduce self and professional identity. d. Post-visit phase: Plan for next visit. e. Termination phase: Terminate the family from the system-wide.

b, c, d

1. Vulnerable population groups are those that, in comparison with the population as a whole, have which of the following characteristics? (Select all that apply.) a. Better access to health care services but poor health outcomes b. Greater likelihood of exposure to risk factors c. Multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes d. No difference in access or outcomes d. Worse health outcomes despite access

b, d

2. What does a community-oriented nurse newly assigned to a rural community learn about the characteristics of rural and small town life? a. Fractured family and social systems b. Informal social and professional relationships c. Openness to people new to the community d. Role of churches as socialization centers e. Work of many residents in high-risk occupations

b, d, e

1. A local health department in the Midwest reports cases of certain diseases to the state health department for inclusion in the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). From the perspective of community-level disease monitoring, which of the following 3-year trends in incidence rates for hepatitis A would be of local, state, and national interest? a. 2016 = 2/100,000; 2017 = 3/100,000; 2018 = 1/100,000 b. 2016 = 4/100,000; 2017 = 8/100,000; 2018 = 6/100,000 c. 2016 = 12/100,000; 2017 = 8/100,000; 2018 = 31/100,000 d. 2016 = 16/100,000; 2017 = 24/100,000; 2018 = 9/100,000

c

1. A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children age 15 years old and younger. What is the prevalence proportion of meningitis in this region thus far in the current year? a. 4.1/100,000 b. 5/100,000 c. 46/100,000 d. 50/100,000

c

2. A client newly diagnosed with herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection and syphilis asks, "Okay, so how do I get rid of all this stuff?" In developing a plan of care, the nurse recognizes that which topic is essential to address? a. Correct use of condoms to prevent transmission of all STDs. b. Cures for each of the STDs identified. c. Risk of skin-to-skin contact in transmitting the identified STDs. d. Safety of sexual contact in the absence of lesions.

c

3. The nurse knows that which of the following is one of the primary contributors to vulnerability? a. Gender b. Race and ethnicity c. Resource limitations d. Urban or rural residency

c

4. A rural health nurse who is planning programs to address the population's needs should recognize that, in general, rural populations: a. engage in physical activity during leisure time. b. engage in preventive health behaviors. c. perceive their overall health as less favorable. d. use seat belts.

c

4. What entity governs nursing practice? a. Boards of nursing established by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. b. Nurse practice acts promulgated by federal and state legislative boards. c. Nurse practice acts created by state legislatures and operationalized by state boards of nursing. d. Nurse practice acts written by the states in conformity with broad federal guidelines.

c

4. Which is an example of tertiary prevention related to HCC? a. Assessing the need for programs to treat alcohol addiction b. Assessing the strengths of local schools' adolescent pregnancy prevention programs c. Initiating an evaluation of a program to address endemic hepatitis A in a community d. Organizing a community forum to explore health-promotion priorities

c

5. A community health nurse involved in care management would most likely do which of the following? a. Develop, conduct, and evaluate health teaching programs in primary care. b. Manage the staff at a free clinic. c. Monitor the health status, resources, and outcomes for an aggregate. d. Provide immunizations to migrant workers.

c

5. After performing an assessment of a client seeking treatment for hypertension at the local free clinic, the nurse informs the client that the family's children may qualify for enrollment in the state children's health insurance program. The nurse provides the enrollment forms and reviews them with the client, emphasizing how to apply for the benefits. This best exemplifies which principle for intervening with vulnerable populations? a. Carrying out primary prevention b. Setting family-centered, culturally sensitive goals c. Trying to minimize the "hassle factor" d. Using the MAP-IT approach

c

5. An undocumented migrant farmworker has been diagnosed with TB. The local health department initiates treatment by dispensing the first month's supply of medication and educates the client on the need to continue treatment for 6 to 12 months. A major challenge that the client may face to ongoing treatment for TB is: a. affordable care. b. discrimination. c. fragmented services. d. language barriers.

c

6. A nurse teaches an asthmatic client to recognize and avoid exposure to asthma triggers and assists the client's family in implementing specific protection strategies in the home, such as removing carpets and avoiding pets. This nurse's activities can best be described as: a. comprehensive assessment. b. primary prevention. c. secondary prevention. d. treatment intervention.

c

6. The local hospital emergency department has recently noted an increase in gastroenteritis cases among migrant farmworkers. The local health department is informed of the rise in cases and schedules an assessment of which of the following? a. Bars frequented by migrant workers b. Farm fields employing migrant workers c. Housing for migrant workers d. Restaurants frequented by migrant workers

c

8. A nurse seeks the best resource that provides a broad vision of the goals and objectives of many health care stakeholders in our nation and identifies the current national health policy for the United States. What is the best source for this information? a. American Public Health Association's guidelines b. Website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention c. Healthy People initiatives d. Pan American Health Organization's mission statement

c

9. A PHN employed by the state's department of health is working on a team to develop local health policy. The nurse recognizes that policy development focuses on the level of the larger society and adopts strategies that require political actions such as lobbying and testifying. The reason that action in the policy arena comes most easily and naturally to nurses is the fact that the policy process is very similar to which of the following? a. Citizen action committee b. Nursing diagnosis c. Nursing process d. Socratic method

c

9. Healthy People 2020 has a number of objectives aimed at reducing which trend in infectious diseases? a. Identification of multi-state outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 b. The failure of the multisystem approach to containing diseases c. A rapid and serious rise in health care-associated infections d. Emergence of a new strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome

c

1. A clinic has received funds to pay for clinic visits for farm residents who live in frontier or rural, non-metropolitan statistical areas. Which of the following client(s) would qualify to receive this special funding? a. Apple grower who lives in a 100-square-mile county with a population of 19,900. b. Client who lives next to a ranch in a town of 1200 people. c. Soybean grower and spouse who live in a 400-square-mile county with a population of 39,200. d. 70-year-old client residing in an assisted living facility in a rural area.

d

1. A home health case manager is charged with identifying opportunities for health promotion and illness prevention. How would the case manager demonstrate fulfillment of this charge? a. Collaborates with a local chaplain to ensure that the spiritual needs of cancer clients are addressed. b. Refers a new diabetic client to a nutrition counselor for dietary teaching. c. Teaches a school nurse how to care for a client who will be returning to school and will require new asthma treatments. d. Tracks the immunization status of clients and facilitates access to immunization when needed.

d

1. A school nurse is teaching students about the relationship between the risk of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and risk-taking behaviors. Which key point will the nurse include? a. All STDs are easily preventable with consistent condom use. b. Once a young woman is pregnant, she is no longer at risk for most STDs. c. STDs are most likely to be transmitted during a student's initial sexual encounter. d. Use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make risky decisions.

d

2. A community health nurse is prioritizing health-promotion activities with the local rural community. An understanding of the health status and health risks of the rural community would lead the nurse to give priority to which activity? a. Aerobic exercise classes b. English as a second language program c. Mentoring program to increase adult literacy d. Motor vehicle and farm accident prevention

d

2. A nurse has decided to use a bottom-up approach of HCC to meet Healthy People 2020 goals for elders in the community setting. Which would be the most appropriate intervention? a. Design and implement a health-promotion activity that can be scheduled at a senior center. b. Organize a meeting of local politicians, clinicians, and community members to prioritize needs for elderly clients with diabetes. c. Recruit the mayor and city council to designate an annual Elder Health day. d. Include community members in multisectoral meetings to choose, design, and implement a culturally appropriate health-promotion activity for older adults.

d

3. A community health nurse is the case manager for a home-bound client recovering from a hip replacement. The nurse works with the client and his family to prioritize needs and services, and to address these care needs. These activities represent which step in the nursing process? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Implementation d. Planning/outcome

d

3. A nurse wishes to become involved in outreach to migrant farmworkers. What activity by the nurse would be consistent with this service? a. Assisting migrant farmworkers to understand their rights b. Developing policies and assuring funding for services c. Reaching migrant communities for primary prevention d. Training lay health workers for health education

d

3. What causes nurses practicing in rural communities to often observe that protecting client confidentiality is a unique challenge? a. Close-knit atmosphere among residents b. Difficulty keeping one's business private c. "Everyone knows everything already" d. Social informality and respect

d

4. During a home visit, a nurse teaches a client who is recovering from a stroke and the spouse how to modify their home environment to prevent falls. This education represents: a. primary prevention. b. secondary prevention. c. secondary and tertiary prevention. d. tertiary prevention.

d

4. John Snow played a critical role in the development of modern disease surveillance when he did which of the following? a. Devised a more statistically valid method of analyzing epidemiologic data b. Discovered causal agents for anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera c. Tracked the incidence of tuberculosis in the tenements of New York City d. Used geographic mapping to demonstrate the connection between water supply and cholera

d

5. A client comes to the local clinic with acute symptoms of fever, nausea, lack of appetite, malaise, and abdominal discomfort. During the course of the assessment, the nurse inquires as to the client's employment and job duties. Which response would the nurse view as most important? a. Identifies as bi-sexual. b. Is a strict pesco-vegetarian. c. Occasionally uses intravenous drugs. d. Works in a daycare center and changes diapers.

d

7. A nurse uses the social-ecological model to guide care is planning an interpersonal level program for community-dwelling elders who frequent a community senior center. What program will the nurse plan? a. Bus transportation to the center b. Telehealth visits c. Volunteer opportunities d. Weekly social events

d

7. Members of an extended family are in conflict over the treatment plan for the family's 90-year-old matriarch, who has advanced dementia. The case manager is using conflict resolution strategies to allow the parties involved to develop trust, credibility, and distance from the issue at hand, as well as to retain personal dignity. What strategic process is the nurse demonstrating? a. Advocating b. Clarifying c. Cooperating d. Negotiating

d

8. A new nurse is starting a job in public health working with vulnerable populations. What advice by the nurse manager would be most beneficial? a. "Be mindful of your documentation; we don't want reimbursement issues." b. "I'd encourage you to attend county board meetings." c. "It's important for you to get out there and network." d. "The first thing you need to do is to establish trust with clients."

d

8. Case fatality from breast cancer has decreased in recent years, although the incidence of breast cancer has increased. Descriptive epidemiology would use the component of time to explain this change in terms of: a. cyclical patterns. b. event-related clusters. c. point epidemic. d. secular trends.

d

8. The best example of a government-sponsored program that can promote health and prevent illness for middle-income, subsistence-level families is which of the following? a. Medicaid b. Medicare c. Supplemental Security Income d. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

d

8. The collaborative partnership best practice of "identifying specific community and system changes to be sought to effect widespread behavior change and community health improvement" would best apply to which concept of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion strategic framework? a. Creating supportive environments b. Establishing health-promoting public policy c. Reorienting health services d. Strengthening community action

d

1. A nurse performing home hospice case management notes the increasing number of hospice clients who lack caregivers in the home environment. The nurse identifies the potential need for a hospice house facility to meet the needs of these clients. The case management process frequently reveals larger picture issues such as which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Community cost concerns b. Community conflict resolution skills c. Community satisfaction d. Community weaknesses in quality of services e. Community weaknesses in quantity of services

d, e

3. The nurse working with migrant farmworkers and their families understands that which of the following are true statements regarding the health and well-being of the migrant children? (Select all that apply.) a. Are not eligible for Medicaid or state health insurance. b. Generally attend school despite moving frequently. c. Have a federal safety net of limited overtime until age 18. d. May be exposed to "take home" chemicals. e. Often suffer from anxiety-related problems.

d, e

7. A community health nurse seeks to enhance the health promotion and health-service-seeking behaviors of the migrant farmworkers in local apple orchards. What evidence-based action by the nurse would be best? a. Educating migrant lay health workers b. Establishing a farmworker advocacy group c. Fundraising for a mobile health unit d. Lobbying local politicians for more funding

a

7. What does the nurse understand when considering whether a geographic area is rural or urban? a. Rural and urban areas occur on a continuum. b. Rural regions have fewer than six persons per square mile. c. Rural residents feel isolated. d. Rural areas are recreational communities.

a

7. What was the most significant impact The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 has had on families? a. Enabled individuals to have both a family and a career b. Called for paid adoption leave c. Provided eldercare services d. Provided life insurance benefits

a

8. What is the underlying reason for the use of universal precautions? a. Blood and body fluids of all clients need to be handled as if they were infected. b. Effective infection control surveillance programs are in place but not reliable. c. Health care settings are reservoirs of infection and precautions prevents spread. d. Health care workers do not always effectively use hand hygiene.

a

1. The aspects of the locality development model or bottom-up approach that have been integrated can best be described as which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Emphasizing consensus and cooperation b. Building a sense of community c. Using a rational-empirical approach d. Producing fundamental social change e. Rational-empirical problem solving by outside experts

a, b

1. Depression among rural residents appears to be more persistent and endemic. Which of the following factors may contribute to this level of depression? (Select all that apply.) a. Elevated levels of poverty b. Geographic isolation c. Insufficient mental health services d. Lack of awareness e. Tolerance for destructive coping mechanisms

a, b, c

2. The nurse case manager in a migrant farmworker clinic assesses this population for occupational and environmental risks related to which problems? (Select all that apply.) a. Contaminated water b. Fear of injury reporting c. Inadequate sewage d. Pesticide exposure e. Traffic accidents

a, b, c, d

1. Research articles that include epidemiologic determinants and distribution would include which questions? (Select all that apply.) a. Who is affected most by pesticide exposure? b. Where in the city are lead levels highest? c. How does herbicide runoff affect drinking water? d. What season of the year sees the most trauma? e. Why do children get injured on playgrounds?

a, b, c, d, e

1. State and federal statutes and regulations affect the health care specialties of home health and hospice practice. A primary motivator for nurses to become knowledgeable about these statutes and regulations is their impact on nursing practice in which of the areas below? (Select all that apply.) a. Documentation of client status and progress b. Documentation of services c. Living wills and advance directives d. Resident's rights in long-term care facilities e. Right to death with dignity

a, b, c, d, e

3. Community and public health nurses (PHNs) practicing in rural locales consistently note which of the following characteristic of their practice environments? a. Broad scope of practice b. Independence and autonomy c. Inter-generational practice d. Opportunity for community involvement e. Respect and visibility

a, b, c, d, e

2. During a home visit, a case manager for a community health center notes marked pitting edema, shortness of breath, and increased fatigue in a 52-year-old male client who lives alone. The client is admitted to the hospital, where he is diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The case manager works with the hospital's utilization manager to devise a discharge plan. What are the case manager's most logical next steps? (Select all that apply.) a. Identify and arrange for the resources to provide needed services. b. Research the client's health care coverage and its provisions. c. Discuss with the family their ability to provide daily visits to the client. d. Gather information on local support groups. e. Reassess the client at discharge to ensure needed care is not overlooked.

a, b, d

1. Emerging infectious diseases may arise as a result of factors operating singly or in combination, and these factors may include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Environmental changes b. Host behavior c. Improved surveillance d. Microbial adaptation e. Public health infrastructure deterioration

a, b, d, e

3. The nurse educates a group of students that which persons would be most at risk of reactivation of latent infections of tuberculosis (TB)? (Select all that apply.) a. Immunocompromised b. Substance abusers c. Individuals previously treated for TB d. Long-term cigarette smokers e. Diabetics

a, b, e

2. 4. A woman comes to the community health center complaining of increasing lower abdominal pain, fever, and abnormal menses for several months. During the assessment, the client indicates that she is aware that her husband has had multiple sex partners in the past 2 years. Which interventions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Provide comprehensive STD screening. b. Call the health department to inquire about the spouse. c. Educate the client on ceftriaxone and azythromycin. d. Instruct the client on safer sex practices. e. Perform a serum pregnancy test.

a, c, d, e

1. A client diagnosed with HPV infection states, "I'm not concerned, I know the warts disappear after a while." The nurse should counsel the client regarding which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Link between HPV and cervical cancer b. Status of HPV infection as a reportable disease c. Need to eliminate the warts d. Serious complications of HPV infection for men e. Lack of cure for HPV infection

a, c, e

1. A nurse is assessing a family's ability to provide home care for their 6 year old, who is a quadriplegic as a result of an automobile crash. The nurse teaches the parents body mechanics and transfer techniques. The nurse also determines the parents' physical ability to safely lift the child. The nurse's actions relate to which of the five interacting variables of Neuman's Systems Model? a. Developmental b. Physiological c. Psychological d. Sociocultural

b

1. Health policy can best be defined as a set course of action to do which of the following? a. Administer public health programs for disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. b. Obtain a desired health outcome for an individual, family, group, community, or society. c. Support publicly funded health care programs at the local, state, and national levels. d. Support health care development and research to improve the health status of citizens.

b

2. A community-oriented nurse wants to begin a program to reduce health inequality. What action by the nurse would be most successful? a. Conduct research on the prominent causes of inequity within the community. b. Gather a group of acute and community health care providers to brainstorm solutions. c. Invite a cross section of health professionals and lay people to join the action team. d. Use a successful model and divide the tasks among volunteers in the community.

b

2. The nurse continues the assessment of a family's ability to provide home care for their 6 year old, who is a quadriplegic as a result of an automobile crash, noting that the parents are in good physical health with no genetic or lifestyle risks, live in a safe neighborhood with caring neighbors, are dealing with grief and stress as they adjust to their child's injury, and are concerned that their insurance benefits may not adequately cover their child's expenses. The family's current health risk appraisal identifies the following risks: a. biological and life-event risks. b. economic and life-event risks. c. life-event and social risks. d. social risks and biological risks.

b

2. The nurse knows that which individual would be considered correctly defined? a. Agricultural day laborer: A migrant or seasonal farmworker with a second part time job b. Migrant farmworker: Travels to do farm work unable to return to a permanent home in the same day. c. MSFW: A foreign worker employed seasonally in agriculture who is also a migrant d. Seasonal worker: Individual who travels around the country working crops in season

b

3. A nurse is assigned to teach clients STD prevention information. What information will the nurse include in the presentation? a. Always use spermicides with condoms to reduce the risk of contracting chlamydia or gonorrhea. b. Condoms can be effective in preventing infections transmitted by fluids from mucosal surfaces but are not always effective in preventing infections transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. c. Condoms should not be used during oral sex, because they are not effective in preventing transmission of infection. d. When genital ulcers are present, condoms should be used to prevent the spread of infection.

b

6. A community health nurse directly contacts a mammography clinic to arrange an appointment for a migrant worker with limited English language skills. The nurse communicates with the client through an interpreter to ensure that the appointment is scheduled to meet her needs and that the client understands the procedure to be performed. The role played by the nurse in this encounter with a member of a vulnerable population can best be described as: a. advocacy. b. empowerment. c. partnership. d. social justice.

a

9. A nurse expands a community exercise program to include a senior exercise program targeted at strength and balance training in response to the HCC initiative to address the needs of free-living elders in the local community. The nurse is most likely applying the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion priority health-promotion activity of: a. developing personal skills. b. establishing health-promoting public policy. c. reorienting health services. d. strengthening community.

C

6. When conducting an environmental risk assessment, the nurse explores the economic risk and social risk of the family. To capture social risk assessment data, the nurse can best use which of the following? a. Community assessment and ecomap b. Genogram and ecomap c. Genogram and history d. Double ABC-X model

a

6. In case management, it is unlikely that any single professional has the expertise, knowledge, or skills required to achieve success. The synergy produced by all involved parties (client, providers, payers, family/significant others, and community organizations) can result in successful outcomes. What process does this refer to? a. Collaboration b. Communication c. Cooperation d. Negotiation

a

1. The Healthy Communities and Cities (HCC) movement can best be described as which of the following? a. International movement of communities and cities focused on mobilizing local resources to improve the health of the community. b. Movement that began in the United States that targets health promotion in community practice. c. Movement that focuses on the effective development and use of public policy as the primary means for improving health. d. Program that uses the principles of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention to mobilize citizens to improve the health of their communities.

a

2. A community health nurse is serving as a case manager for premature infants receiving home health care. The case manager arranges for an in-home apnea monitor and daily home visits by a registered nurse who specializes in high-risk pediatrics. The case manager is demonstrating which of the following case manager roles? a. Coordinator b. Liaison c. Monitor d. Standardizer

a

2. A state public health region reported 39 cases of meningitis in children 15 years of age and younger to date this year. Seven of those children died. The total population of the region is 780,000, of whom 84,000 are children 15 years old and younger. What is the age-specific meningitis death rate for children age 15 years and younger for this region to date this year? a. 0.08/1000 b. 0.46/1000 c. 1/1000 d. 8/1000

a

2. The relationship between nursing practice, health policy, and politics can best be described as nursing: a. advocacy. b. policy process. c. process. d. profession.

a

3. A school nurse notes that 60 children have missed days of high school because of pertussis this past year and this rate has been relatively constant for the past 5 years. The nurse plans to work with the community to increase awareness of the seriousness of this disease for children younger than 6 months of age and to raise and maintain the immunization rates, because in this community the pertussis is: a. endemic. b. epidemic. c. pandemic. d. sporadic.

a

3. During a family crisis, the visiting nurse helps the family with coping mechanisms. Which action does the nurse take to help the family use external resources for coping? a. Assist the family in reaching out to their religious leader. b. Encourage the family to use trustworthy Internet sites. c. Help family members reframe the situation. d. Teach the family some active listening strategies.

a

4. A case manager employed by a health maintenance organization is charged with discontinuing home health services for a disabled home-bound elderly client in an effort to reduce costs. The case manager reviews the client's record and determines that home health services are still indicated for this client. What ethical dilemma does the case manager facing? a. Beneficence b. Justice c. Nonmaleficence d. Veracity

a

4. A nurse in a nurse-managed health center providing a tertiary prevention intervention to a population of women who are HIV positive will most likely do which of the following? a. Educate about self-care and the women's rights as employees. b. Establish a partnership with a community to initiate a community health center. c. Help identify new cases and ensure that clients receive proper treatment. d. Teach how to lobby state legislators.

a

4. Community health nurses conducting health education among populations vulnerable to HIV infection explain the natural history of the infection, including the fact that HIV infection may go undetected during the primary infection stage because of which issue? a. Antibody test results are typically negative. b. Antibody production by the immune system increases. c. Incubation period is prolonged. d. Symptoms include myalgias, sore throats, and rash.

a

4. The public health nurse is concerned about a possible multi-state outbreak of a foodborne illness. What resource will the nurse consult? a. PulseNet b. Healthy People 2020 c. CDC Yellow Book d. National Healthcare Safety Network

a

5. A nurse will be starting a new job serving a rural, Native American reservation. What supplies or equipment does the nurse anticipate having the highest need for? a. Diabetic testing supplies b. Oximeter and sensors c. Suicide prevention pamphlets d. Water purifiers

a

5. An American spends several days in Mexicoeating fresh raspberries from a nearby vendor and drinking bottled water. What entity is potentially being altered? a. Agent-host-environment interaction b. Circadian rhythms c. Herd immunity d. Host resistance

a

5. Nurses working with communities to implement the CHPM are most effective when they do which of the following? a. Begin where the community is and then work to facilitate implementation of all nine steps. b. Serve in the role of expert resource, spearheading the community's work. c. Teach basic community and public health concepts before teaching the Health Communities Model. d. Work with community leaders to begin with step one and progress through step nine of the model.

a

5. Several community-oriented nurses want to explore the problem of obesity in school-age children and assess their community school district's health status related to that problem. When gathering information at a national level, where would the nurses begin their search? a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services c. Health Resources and Services Administration d. National Institute of Nursing Research

a

6. Primary health care seeks to provide affordable social, biomedical, and health services that are relevant and acceptable in terms of the individual's health, needs, and concerns. Which principle does is this model of primary health care incorporate? a. Appropriate technology b. Community participation c. Equity d. Multisectoral participation

a