EXAM 2 Ethics
Global warming can be described by which of the following
-The Earth has already warmed by between 0.7 and 1.1 degrees Celsius over the past century. -Burning fossil fuels is the leading contributor of global warming. -The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased by as much as 40 percent since the Industrial Revolution.
Managers' understanding of government regulations is
Both a domestic and international issue.
Past decisions of the courts, the original basis for the U.S. legal system, are called:
Common laws.
A shared resource, such as land, air, or water, that a group of people uses collectively is a(n
Commons.
A company that builds stakeholder coalitions to influence government is using which strategy
Constituency-building.
Both large and small businesses have adopted sustainable practices to what advantage
Cost savings from operational efficiency. Opportunity to serve emerging economies. Reduction of regulatory risk.
The most successful global businesses in coming years will be those companies that:
Recognize the imperative for sustainable development as an opportunity both for competitive advantage and ethical action.
The beverage industry's partnership Refrigerants Naturally! is attempting to
Reduce the use of ozone-depleting chemicals
Proponents of business as a political participant argue
A pluralistic system invites many participants; and business is a vital stakeholder of government.
The Mullahs in Iran is an example of the power of government derived from
A religious authority.
Firms in the chemical industry, which must contend with frequently changing environmental regulations and the risk of dangerous accidents, usually have
A sophisticated political strategy.
Antitrust laws protect consumers from
Anticompetitive practices by business.
The commitments of the Convention on Biological Diversity include:
Developing national conservation strategies.
Which of these statements accurately describes a Super PAC
Does not allow direct contributions to candidates or political parties.
Public policy tools involve a combination of:
Incentives and penalties.
Governments being asked to regulate driving distractions are examples of a public policy:
Input.
When the market fails to adjust for the full costs of a firm's behavior, this is called:
Market failure.
Which of these activities is not considered to be a marine ecosystem threat
Ocean alkalinity.
An example of a global regulation that mitigates the impact of jet fuel on the environment is
The Aviation Plan.
European Union regulators accused Uber of engaging in
Unfair competition.
Businesses promote an information strategy by inviting government leaders to
Visit local plant facilities. Attend company award ceremonies. Give speeches to employees.
Economists reported that the costs of regulatory compliance were highest for
Worker safety.
Government's role is to create and enforce laws that
Balance the relationship between business and society.
Sustainable development
Balances economic and environmental considerations.
The antitrust enforcement agencies in the United States have the legal authority to:
Block anticompetitive mergers in the U.S.
An organization that produces net zero emissions of greenhouse gases is achieving
Carbon neutrality
The typical public affairs executive spends most of the day
Coalition building. Direct lobbying. Fund raising.
Deregulation has occurred in the following industries
Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions.
Reasons for the destruction of rain forests include
Commercial logging. Cattle ranching. Conversion of forests to plantations
Since 2008, the total amount spent on lobbying activity has
Decreased slightly.
With respect to fresh water, according to one estimate, if it were possible to eliminate pollution, capture all available fresh water, and distribute fresh water equitably
Demand would exceed supply within a hundred years.
A corporate political strategy does not:
Determine the legal limits allowed for campaign financing
lobbyists, under U.S. law, must disclose their
Earnings and expenses.
The amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes given prevailing technology is called
Ecological footprint.
According to the case Clean Cooking, the widespread adoption of clean cookstoves would provide which of the following benefits
Helth Risk
One of the oldest financial-incentive strategy tools is
Political action committee contributions
A common tactic in a financial-incentive political strategy is:
Political contributions.
Reregulation is:
The increase or expansion of government regulation.
In 2016, the Global Electoral Organization (GEO) discussed which critical election administration issues?
The use of technology to increase accountability.
An example of industrial ecology in practice is
Using wastes from one process as raw materials for another process.
Regulation can be argued as justified based on
Utilitarian and justice grounds
Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is
normally legal.
By raising and lowering the interest rates at which private banks borrow money from the government, the Federal Reserve Bank
Both of these answers are correct: Influences the size of the nation's money supply; and influences the value of the dollar.
When a firm solicits its stockholders for political contributions for a particular candidate by letter and then sends those contributions to the candidate on behalf of its stockholders, it is called:
Bundling.
To influence government policymakers' actions, an information strategy involves
Business leaders speaking before government policymakers.
Public policies and government regulations are shaped by
Business. Special interest groups. Government.
Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool
Expert witness testimony.
An example of a regulatory agency charged with enforcing social regulation is:
Federal Trade Commission.
In a survey of 105 companies in 2017, the most frequent public affairs tactic was related to
Federal government relations.
Supporters of advocacy advertisements believe that they
Identify a company as an interested and active stakeholder; and can help mold public opinion on a particular policy issue
Advocacy ads are also called:
Issue advertisements.
Arable land is accurately described by which statement?
It is a renewable resource.
The information strategy tool most used by business is
Lobbying.
In the case Political Action by the U.S. Steel Industry, 2015-2018, what is one reason that foreign-made steel prices were so much lower than U.S. steel?
Many foreign governments subsidized their steel industries.
Policies that affect the supply, demand, and value of a nation's currency are
Monetary policies.
Government regulations help balance negative externalities such as
No smoking rules enforced to mitigate the effects of second-hand smoke
A thin layer of gas that protects the Earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun is:
Ozone.
Economic regulations are illustrated by which action?
Preventing anticompetitive business practices.
To help control political favoritism, there have been global efforts to:
Promote fairness in the electoral process.
Which of these factors has accelerated the current ecological crisis
Rapid industrialization.
The primary way of accomplishing public policy is through:
Regulation.
A large sporting goods store that raised the age for purchase of some firearms in response to public concerns for gun control were seen by detractors as
Risking their reputation by engaging in politics
In the case Should Facebook be Regulated, the primary market failure was
Sales incentives to sell user data exceeded those of protecting user privacy.
Total social regulation costs are:
Significantly higher than total economic regulation costs.
Around the world, government:
Sometimes cooperates and sometimes is in conflict with business.
Dark money refers to
Undisclosed contributions to tax-exempt organizations.
Which of the following represents a structural remedy for an antitrust violation?
Breaking up a monopoly.
