Exam 2 World Food Patterns

What are "little candies" that are served in Italy called?​

confetti

Which wurst is not one of the four basic wursts found in Germany? a. ​ Bratwurst b. ​ Knockwurst c. ​ Bruhwurst d. Rohwurst​ e. ​ Frankwurst

e. Frankwurst

Which marked dietary change occurred in Ethiopians who relocated to Israel?​

fat intake increase

Vietnamese, Cambodian and Laotian, indigenous _______ and _______ tropical fruits and vegetables and rice were the foundation of the native diets. Fried noodles and meat and veggies on the top are a favorite.

fish and seafood

The Mediterranean diet has what key characteristic?​

high relative intakes of monounsaturated fats

What are some staple foods for the Southeast Asians?

long grain rice, soybean products, and tea. A meal is not considered complete unless rice is included

Describe the family structure of traditional Chinese families and how this would impact a person's health care?

patriarchal, women were traditionally taught to be unassuming and yielding, family honor is very important

What is the name of the Polish food that consists of stuffed dumplings filled with meat, liver, bacon, potatoes, or fruit?​

pierogi

a buffet meal in Sweden

smorgasbord

Southeast Asia do not typically eat dairy products, however __________ products are common

soy

Why did a wave of Spaniards immigrate to the U.S. in the late 19th century?

​ because of poor economic conditions

Traditional food habits of people living in Africa.

- Only right hand is used when eating. - 3 Meals a day. - No elbows on the table. - Food sharing is common. - Dairy not commonly consumed. - Pork is most popular protein. - Corn is the primary grain. - Greens are the most popular vegetables. - Nuts and seeds are commonly used for dessert.s

What are some similarities in traditional food habits of people living in Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union?

-Dishes were dictated by which could be grown in the cold, damp climate. -Common ingredients are potatoes, beans, cabbage, eggs, dairy products, pork, beef, fish and seafood, apples, rye, wheat and barley. -Foods often dried, pickled or fermented. -Bread is a staple. -Meat is second important, pork being the most popular.

What is the term coined in the 1960s associated with fresh meats and vegetables made from scratch and thoroughly cooked?

Soul food

Which European country is the largest producer of olives in the world?​

Spain

In the 1600s, who first added sugar to the bitter chocolate beverage native to Mexico?​

Spanish

What is the shape of fusilli and rotelle pasta?​

Spiral

Braided sweet bread

Vanocka

Mango seeds are known by what name in West Africa?​

agobono​

Chinese Americans religion is typically ________ and ________

Catholic and Protestant

Which immigrants maintain their health through marimé, a system of purity and pollution that may be related to Asian Indian beliefs?​

Gypsies

Serious nutritional deficiencies are uncommon in what group? a.) Vietnamese b.) Latino c.) Cambodians d.) Pacific Islanders

Pacific Islanders

What is the Chinese cuisine like?

Chinese Cuisine - reflects the Han people Common foods are watermelon, tomatoes, bananas, peanuts, Chile peppers, Oolong tea

Outline the common crops grown and cultivated in Africa and West Africa.

Corn, Millet, Rics, Yams, cassava, and Plantains.

What group did not have pots and pans to cook with? a.) Philippines b.) Vietnamese c.) Pacific Islanders d.) Cambodian

Pacific Islanders

What are two of the Scandinavian cooking and food processing methods that reflect traditional food preservation methods?

Fish was traditionally dried, smoked or pickled. Milk was often fermented to allow to sour before being consumed. Scandinavian fair is simple and hearty, featured foods from the sea and makes use of the limited foods grown locally.

True/False: drying and fermenting were the two Scandinavian cooking and food processing methods.

False

T or F? In a Korean meal composition, food is passed with the left hand?

False, RIGHT hand

What are the differences between traditional French cooking techniques and other countries?

-French consume more total saturated fat and cholesterol than Americans. -French cooking is more elegant and formal. -Alcohol consumed with meals more often than other cultures. -Haute (Traditional) or grande/provincial (regional) cuisine.

What are some differences between the traditional food habits of people living in Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union.

-In Central Europe sweets are eaten daily, and in Russia cooked fruits are eaten as desserts. -Central Europe most common beverage is coffee, while in Russia it's strong tea diluted in hot water. -In Central Europe most popular alcoholic beverage is beer and in Russia it's vodka.

Differences in traditional food habits of people living in Scandinavian countries.

-In more inland areas there are more meat dishes. -Souther regions pork is common. -Northern area reindeer is a popular meat.

Similarities in traditional food habits of people living in Scandinavian countries.

-Meals are hearty, most dishes feature natural flavors with subtle seasoning. -Black pepper, onions and dill are used in most recipes. -Best known for their use of fish, shellfish (cod, herring, mackerel, pike, salmon, sardines, shrimp, and trout). -Cream and butter used in many dishes. -Considerable amount of fermented dairy products are used throughout the region. -Poultry isn't liked except geese. -Meat was stretched because of limited supply. -Cold weather veggies (potatoes, cabbage, kale, Brussels sprouts, beets and onions). -Bread is staple

Name two cultures that historically dominated the Balkan and Middle East Region and specify how this affected food products?

1) Greeks: Orthodox Greek religious traditions have influenced the fasting and feasting habits for Balkan people on holidays and fast days. Also, due to proximity to Mediterranean Sea 2)Islam: Muslims make up the majority of Middle East population. This has influenced the consumption of pork and alcohol, both of which are prohibited in the Islam faith

What is the typical communication style of someone from the Pacific Islands? If the client feels the counselor is being judgmental, how might this affect communication?

1) Individual may not seek responsibility for health. 2) Their approach to care includes religious rituals like prayer. 3)Uninterested in long term approaches to disease prevention or management. 4) Judgmental attitudes regarding lifestyle may cause Pacific Islanders to avoid further counseling. 5)Communication style; Samoans greet each person with a smile and a handshake, eye contact is expected

Name at least three of the Japanese patterns of conduct (originating in the 16th century) expected by the Issei of themselves and their descendants?

1) Koko - Filial piety defines the relationship between parents and children, between siblings, and between individuals and their community and rulers. An example of this is that Issei expect their children to care for them in their old age. 2) Gaman - Most Japanese believe it is virtuous to suppress emotions. The practice of self-control is paramount. 3) Haji - Individuals should not bring shame on themselves, their families, or their communities (strong social control)

What are some common health issues of people of Pacific Island decent?

1) Nutrition deficiencies are rare 2)High caloric intake 3)Obesity rates 4) Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension 5) May not take personal responsibility for health 6) Compliance rates to treatment may be low

What factors relate to the most significant differences between the cuisines of the Balkans and those of the Middle Eastern countries?

1) Religion: 2) Proximity to coast: Balkan countries are on or near the Mediterranean, much better for crops, increasing the amount of fresh foods and herbs. Middle Easterners consume less fresh items

Characteristics of the traditional family in the Balkans and Middle East.

1) Strongly patriarchal 2)Extended families: often live together 3)Gender roles: men are heads of the households with women passing down the culture

Explain the rules of dining etiquette in the Chinese culture?

1) The traditional eating utensils are chopsticks and a porcelain spoon used for soup 2)Few foods are eaten with the fingers. 3)All courses of the meal are served at once 4)Each place setting includes a bowl of rice or noodles and each diner then takes what is desired from the communal serving plates 5)Bowl of rice or noodles should be raised to the mouth, not left resting on the table 6)Cooked foods may be eaten cold 7) Elders are served first

What are 2 meal composition rules the Chinese follow?

1) Yin / Yang 2) Fan / Cai

Are Middle Easterners high-context or low-context? How does this affect health care communications?

1)High Context 2)Cleanliness, diet and keeping warm and dry are important to health 3)Ascribe illness to Wind/Air 4) Humoral Medicine Theories 4 body humors - hot and cold are the most important Fold Remedies God's Will = illness may be a punishment from God Biomedical Practice

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in the Pacific Islands?

1)Many foods were eaten raw because they did not have pots or pans 2) pit cooking was popular 3) Starchy vegetables were a main part of the Pacific Island diet (breadfruit, taro root, cassava, yams). 4)Chicken and eggs are common as well. 5) Pork is the most commonly eaten meat. 6) Popular flavors include lime and lemon juice. 7)Evening supper is the largest meal. 2-3 meals a day.

What are the three principles included in Filipino cooking?

1- Never cook any food by itself 2- Fry with garlic in olive oil or lard 3- Foods should have a sour, cool, salty taste

What are some traditional food habits of individuals in Spain?>

1. Agriculture animals and crops. 2. Olive oil commonly used for deep-frying. 3. Eggs, lamb, pork, poultry, fish and wine. 4. Tortilla española (potato omelet) is national dish.

What are some traditional food habits of individuals in Portugal?

1. Fish and shellfish dishes prevalent. 2. Similar to Spain. 3. More generous with herbs and spices (cilantro, mint, and cumin).

What are some of the features of the Mediterranean diet that may be health promoting?

1. Fish consumption. 2. Fresh fruit and vegetable consumption. 3. High intake of complex carbohydrates. 4. High intake of protective phytochemicals. 5. Low intake of fat, higher proportion of monounsaturated fats than saturated animal fats.

Describe the contemporary food habits of African Americans.

1. Food habits are comparable to the average American diet. African Americans use soul food, or traditional souther cuisines to tie themselves to their African American identity. 2. There is a decreased consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy, baked goods.

What are some traditional food habits of individuals residing in Northern Europe?

1. France: 3 meals/day, dinner is the main course, butter used heavily in cooking. 2. Great Britain and Ireland: 4 meals/day, animal products, dairy, mean poultry and fish are centerpieces for meals, alcohol consumed with meals, mild seasoning and potatoes frequent in Ireland.

Discuss the factors that significantly contribute to the disproportionately high incidence of diabetes mellitus among African Americans.

1. Genetic predisposition 2. Higher obesity rates. 3. Causes may include lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, higher poverty rates.

What are 6 blood conditions among the African American population?

1. High blood 2. low blood 3. thin blood 4. bad blood 5. unclean blood 6. Clots.

What are some traditional food habits of individuals in Italy?

1. Pasta served 3 ways: with sauce, in soup, or baked. 2. Ravioli popular. 3. Parsley, basil, oregano, garlic flavor profile. 4. Northern Italy uses more butter, dairy, rice, and meat than the south.

What are the main features of the diet typical of northern Europeans that today are typical of the American diet in general?

1. consumption of potatoes 2. consumption of animal product and dairy 3. pie and pastry dishes 4. Meat, poultry, or fish meal served with side of vegetables, bread and starch.

What are the 5 basic sauces in France?

1. espagnole 2. veloute 3. bechamel 4. tomato 5. hollandaise

What amendment gave all blacks living in the United States their freedom? ​

13th amendment

Slavery was one of the factors that led to the Civil War. What year did the Civil War start?​

1861

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in Japan?

3 meals a day plus snack, dinner being the largest, use diary products for cooking only, also eat meat, fruits, and vegetables

What are some similarities between mainstream American worldview and those of Northern Europe?

3 meals/day Christianity Biomedicine Small, close families in one household.

How many different ways do the Czechs prepare carp during Christmastime?

4

Which one of these is NOT a staple food item in Southeast Asia? a.) Tea b.) Long grain rice c.) Fruit d.) Soybean products

C fruit

What is the cooking style in the majority of Chinese restaurants in America?

Cantonese

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in the Balkans and the Middle East?

Balkans: Low animal fat, low dairy, high in unsaturated fats, numerous seasonings with lemon as popular flavor, high concentration on vegetables and plant based protein Common foods: olives, wheat, dates, flatbread, rice, fermented dairy, lamb, fruit drinks Meal composition: 3 meals a day plus snacks with lunch as largest meal Middle East: Very similar overall food habits to Balkans. Most are Muslim so pork is prohibited. Common foods: rice, lamb, legumes, coffee, mint tea Meal composition: tea and coffee first, then meal. 3 meals a day with lunch as largest meal

Identify traditional foods from the Balkans and the Middle East that are eaten in America today?

Balkans: Olive oil, olives, feta cheese, tomatoes, cucumbers, hummus, tzatziki, pita, filo dough, fallafel Middle East: pita, baba ganoush, kebabs, dates, pistachios, lavosh, baklava

What sort of natural prescription would an African healer use as a cure for the evil eye?​

Bleeding

Soup made from beets, popular in Russia?

Borscht

Give one example of a counseling strategy to use when working with a client of Japanese descent to encourage compliance without implying criticism?

During the counseling session, you could make sure to keep a respected distance as a sign of respect to the Japanese client, since they are a non-touching culture and believe that contact leads to contamination. This would show that you understand and respect their culture which would hopefully lead to compliance in the future

What is the meaning of emptying your plate vs leaving some food at the end of a meal in Southeast Asia?

Emptying your plate vs. leaving some food at the end of a meal means leaving an empty plate or cup means whoever is eating is still hungry. Where leaving a small amount of food or beverage signals that whoever is eating is satisfied.

Philippines cows milk is not used a lot and instead ______________ _________is a common ingredient in leche flan. Adobo is on of the most popular Filipino dishes

Evaporated milk

Creole and Cajun are both the same type of food and these terms are used interchangeably.

False

T or F? Middle Eastern don't comply with Biomedical Treatment

False

T or F? Russian families were traditionally smaller than those in the U.S. but after immigration the family size increases.

False

T or F? Swedish meatballs are traditionally served in a red, tomato-based sauce.

False

T or F? The climate of central Europe is harsh and cold and the land is not particularly fertile.

False

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in Southeast Asia?

Harmony with supernatural world, nature, society, and family. For Vietnamese health is related to personal destiny. Southeast Asians believe in the hot/cold theory. Filipinos believe life is controlled by the will of God and by supernatural forces.

What is the name of the condition that is caused by eating excessive amounts of rich foods, sweet foods, or red-colored foods?​

High Blood

What is the most popular and colorful social and religious event for the Portuguese in the U.S.?​

Holy Ghost (spirit) festival

Chicka Peas make up what Balkan Dish?

Hummus

What significant health problem for African Americans is a potent risk factor for coronary heart disease in blacks?​

Hypertension

What is the Japanese cuisine like?

Japanese Cuisine - numerous preparation methods for a limited number of foods because of mountainous terrain and limited arable land, each item is seen, tasted, and relished. 1) Appearance of the meal is important 2) Rice (short grain), soybeans, and tea (green tea) 3)Sushi 4)Seaweed and algae for seasonings 5)Fish and Shellfish 6)Soybean products 7) Chicken more often than beef 8) Limited amounts of dairy products

What is the Korean cuisine like?

Korean Cuisine - Highly seasoned and recognizable by its flavors and colors (white, red, black, green, and yellow). 1) Sweet, sour, bitter, hot, and salty tastes are combined in all meals, and food is seasoned before and after meals. 2) Grains flavored with spicy vegetable and meat, poultry, or fish side dishes 3)Rice is the foundation of the diet 4)Millet and Barley 5)Noodles are a staple at every meal (made out of wheat, buckwheat, mung beans, and from starch of sweet potatoes) 6)Vegetables are served at every meal. Pickled and fermented (kinchi) 7)Fruits are eaten mostly fresh 8)Seasonings - garlic, liner root, black pepper, Chile peppers, scallions and toasted sesame 9)Common drink - rice tea 10) Milk and other dairy products are generally not consumed or used in cooking

What is the major religion in Scandinavians in the US?

Lutheran

What is one health practice in Sweden that has been widely adopted in the U.S?​

Massage

What is the capital of Campania in southern Italy?​

Naples

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in the countries in Korea?

No dairy is consumed, eat meat, rice is the main dish and very important, a wide variety of fruits and vegetables

When comparing northern and southern Italy, what are the main regional differences in pasta and other core foods?

Northern: 1. risotto 2. veal popular meat 3. gorgonzola and bel paese cheeses popular. Southern: 1. pasta is staple food 2. pizza and calzone 3. kid and lamb popular meats 4. mozzarella, provolone, and ricotta cheeses popular. 5. Tomato is popular, but not is indigenous to the area.

Describe the traditional food habits of people living in China?

Numerous fruits and protein items, very few dairy products, gains foundations of diet, rice and wheat are essential, eggs frequently consumed

Define Pica and describe the nutritional problems it might cause.

Pica is the practice of eating non-nutritive substances. Examples are clay, laundry starch and chalk. Problems include hunger, nausea, limited social support, morbidity, OCD, and traditional beliefs.

What is the most commonly eaten meat in Pacific Islanders?

Pork

A meal is not considered complete unless ________ is included in Southeast Asia? a.) Tea b.) Rice c.) Soybean products d.) Chicken

Rice

What is the main dish in Korea?

Rice

What country sold Alaska to the United States in 1867?​

Russia

What are the immigration patterns of Russians, Germans, and Poles to the U.S?

Russians: Originally came to Alaska and west coast. Germans: Earliest settlement was in Pennsylvania in 1681, large scale in 1709, mostly minorities seeking religious freedom. Poles: Arrived continuously since 1608, mostly for economical reasons, farming settlements in southwest and midwest.

Small bites (appetizers)?

Sakuski

Hosts says this and then everyone can begin eating?

Smacznego

What different groups influenced the development of African American and traditional souther cuisine?

The cuisine has been strongly influenced by the European settlers of the region, including the Dutch, British, French, and Muslim slaves.

What is the proper way to eat with your hands in Balkans/Middle East region?

Three Fingers on the Right Hand

T or F? Central European foods have become common in the American diet.

True

T or F? Local food availability and surplus determined the diet of slaves in America.

True

T or F? Many Japanese are lactose intolerant?

True

The British family structure reflects the majority family structure of Americans today.

True

The importance of the extended family has been maintained among African Americans since tribal times.​

True