Exam 3 11,12,13,14

________ is putting someone in a good mood prior to making a request. Ingratiation Consultation Exchange Coalition tactics Inspirational appeals

Ingratiation

A(n) ________ culture encourages being adaptable, creative, and fast to respond to changes in the marketplace. clan market hierarchy adhocracy hybrid

adhocracy

A person who is indifferent to and ignores another's influence attempt is exhibiting resistance. rebellion. compliance. commitment. coercion.

resistance

True or False? Evidence should never be used to make a decision, only to inform or support one.

False

True or False? Meetings should be held as scheduled, whether or not there is a goal for a meeting.

False

True or False? Often, decision makers select the most readily available ideas or solutions. Therefore, they are advised to evaluate a broader set of alternatives. Group starts

True

True or False? One of the important functions of organizational culture is to facilitate collective commitment.

True

True or False? Sharing power, via empowerment, is a means for increasing your own power.

True

When a leader is resolving disputes, he or she is engaging in ________ behaviors. interaction-facilitation supportive work-facilitation achievement-oriented path-goal clarifying

interaction-facilitation

One's reputation is an example of ________ power. reward coercion referent legitimate expert

referent

What phase of the mentoring process lasts two to five years? coaching cultivation initiation separation redefinition

cultivation

True or False? Emotional intelligence has been shown by research to have a large, positive, and significant association with leadership effectiveness. Group starts

False

True or False? Blaming ourselves can be useful in some situations to preserve our influence with others.

True

True or False? Clan and market cultures are more likely to deliver higher customer satisfaction and market share. Group starts

True

True or False? Coalition tactics are considered one of the "hard" influence tactics. Group starts

True

True or False? Consideration involves leader behavior associated with creating mutual respect or trust and focuses on a concern for group members' needs and desires. Group starts

True

True or False? Dr. Matthews was hired in at Spartan Healthcare because he is one of only four doctors in the nation that can perform a specialized type of heart surgery. He also is on faculty in the medical school and gives advice to other medical professionals. Dr. Matthews is considered to have expert power.

True

What cultural types represent competing values? market and hierarchy hierarchy and clan clan and adhocracy adhocracy and market adhocracy and hierarchy

adhocracy and hierarchy

True or False? Employees lacking in honesty and humbleness qualities are known to engage in more CWBs and have lower performance. Group starts

True

True or False? Empowerment not only positively affects job performance, it also tends to increase citizenship behaviors and job satisfaction and decrease turnover intentions. Group starts

True

True or False? In the anchoring bias, the decision maker tends to assess the likelihood of an event based on impressions of similar events. Group starts

False

True or False? In the change and acquisition phase of organizational socialization, the newcomer's values, skills, and attitudes start to shift as the new recruit discovers what the organization is truly like.

False

True or False? LMX focuses on the quantity of relationships between managers and subordinates. Group starts

False

True or False? Leader behaviors are the outcome of an integrated model of leadership. Group starts

False

True or False? A key variable in Fiedler's model is situational control, which is composed of leader-member relations, task structure, and the leader's position power. Group starts

True

True or False? Abusive supervision is the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behavior by managers

True

True or False? An "Employee of the Month" parking space by the front door of a business would be considered a corporate artifact.

True

True or False? Inspirational motivation involves establishing an attractive vision, the use of emotional arguments, and exhibition of optimism and enthusiasm.

True

True or False? It is suspected that judgmental heuristics are partly to blame for inaccurate diagnoses and treatment by physicians and other health care professionals because they don't have the time to consider all of a patient's symptoms.

True

True or False? The sources of creative behaviors are both person and situation factors.

True

True or False? The statement "A world in which all people's basic needs—such as shelter, clean water, sanitation, food and reliable power—are fulfilled in an environmentally sustainable way and a company that improves the quality of the environment and the communities where we live and work" is an example of a company vision.

True

True or False? To reduce groupthink, someone should be given the role of devil's advocate. Group starts

True

Which of the following is not one of the key leader behaviors that are part of transformational leadership? creating an in-group inspirational motivation idealized influence individualized consideration intellectual stimulation

creating an in-group

In the _________ bias, a decision maker subconsciously decides something even before investigating, and then seeks information that supports the decision. confirmation availability representativeness overconfidence framing

confirmation

In influence sharing, the manager adopts the _________ style. domination consultation participation delegation laissez-faire

consultation

Which type(s) of organizational culture has (have) been shown by research to be most strongly related to subjective innovation? clan market hierarchy adhocracy adhocracy and clan

market

Psychological empowerment occurs when we feel a sense of control. ownership. meaning. fitting in. balance.

meaning

The levels of organizational culture are strategy, mission, and values. stability and flexibility. observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions. clan, hierarchy, market, and adhocracy. identity, commitment, and stability.

observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions.

Which of the following is not a symptom of groupthink? mindguards illusion of unanimity self-censorship illusion of invulnerability overestimation of opponents

overestimation of opponents

The primary purpose of _________ behaviors is to enhance employees' skills and to create positive work relationships among coworkers and between the leader and his or her employees. empowerment task-oriented relationship-oriented passive transformational

relationship-oriented

The three primary reactions people have to attempts to manage or influence them are rebellion, sabotage, and resistance. compliance, commitment, or empowerment. indifference, passivity, or active resistance. influence, power sharing, or power distribution. resistance, compliance, or commitment.

resistance, compliance, or commitment.

Which of the following is not one of the career functions of mentoring? exposure and visibility coaching protection role modeling challenging assignments

role modeling

The socialization tactic that ranges from a newcomer being socialized over time with the help of an experienced member, to the newcomer not being provided with a role model, is collective versus individual. sequential versus random. serial versus disjunctive. investiture versus divestiture.

serial versus disjunctive.

Which of the following mechanisms for changing organizational culture addresses all three levels of culture? formal statements slogans, language, acronyms, and sayings organizational activities, processes, or outcomes workflow and organizational structure stories, legends, or myths about key people and events

stories, legends, or myths about key people and events

A global mind-set is an increasingly valued _________ trait. narcissistic relationship-oriented passive transformational task-oriented

task-oriented

True or False? One of the employee characteristics in House's path-goal model is need for achievement. Group starts

true

An individual who enjoys working with others and enjoys social interactions in which opinions are openly exchanged exhibits which decision-making style? analyticalIncorrect conceptual directive behavioral consultative

behavioral

Core influence tactics include all of the following except rational persuasion. consultation. collaboration. coalition tactics. inspirational appeals.

coalition tactics.

The use of expert power tends to result in coercion. compliance commitment resistance. rebellion.

commitment

Julie takes a broad perspective to problem solving and likes to consider many options and future possibilities. She has a long-term perspective and relies heavily on intuition and discussions with others, and is good at finding creative solutions to problems. Julie has a(n) ________ style. analytical conceptual directive behavioral consultative

conceptual

True or False? The four phases of mentoring are initiation, cultivation, socialization, and definition. Group starts

False

True or False? The last step in Bagley's decision tree is, "Does the proposed action maximize shareholder value?"

False

True or False? The rational model of decision making explains how managers actually make decisions.

False

True or False? The two general functions of mentoring are internal and external. Group starts

False

________ might be any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea. Political tactics Influence management Coalition building Organizational politics Impression management

Impression management

_________ are the dimensions of situational control in Fiedler's model. LMX, task structure, and work facilitation Locus of control, task ability, and need for achievement Task structure and work group dynamics Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power LMX, task structure, and personal power

Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

Which of the following interpersonal traits has research shown to have a negative relationship with leadership effectiveness? communication skills openness to experience emotional intelligence emotional stability Machiavellianism

Machiavellianism

When a leader is encouraging employees to question the status quo and seek innovative and creative solutions to organizational problems, he or she is engaging in inspirational motivation. idealized influence. individualized consideration. intellectual stimulation. charismatic behavior.

intellectual stimulation.

Which of the following is not an advantage of group decision making? greater commitment to a decision less pressure to conform better understanding of the decision rationale greater pool of knowledge more visible role modeling

less pressure to conform

Humble leaders display all of the following key qualities valued by employees except openness to feedback. appreciation of others. low self-focus. low self-awareness. appreciation of the greater good.

low self-awareness.

P-O fit stands for _________ fit. party-office person-optimization person-organization peer-organization peer-obedient

person-organization

True or False? In effective organizations, politics have been eliminated. Group starts

False

True or False? A clan culture has an internal focus and values stability and control.

False

True or False? Experiencing boredom inhibits the creativity process. Group starts

False

True or False? Managers, for instance, have personal power because they control your pay, your work assignments, your hiring and firing, and your evaluations. In contrast, expert and referent are forms of personal power, which you possess independent of your position or job.

False

True or False? Organizational climate is defined as the set of shared, taken-for-granted, implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments. Group starts

False

True or False? Organizational culture is not statistically related to any measures of organizational effectiveness.

False

True or False? Research has shown that generally expert and referent power have a positive effect on work outcomes, reward and legitimate power have a slightly negative effect, and coercive power has a strongly negative effect.

False

True or False? Strategic skills are the most important to managers at middle levels of the organization.

False

True or False? The degree to which people focus on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns when making decisions is known as their analytical preference.

False

True or False? Unlike other elements of OB, leadership is not influenced by situational factors. Group starts

False

Which of the following is one of the assumptions underlying nonrational models of decision making? Managers possess complete information. Rational decision making is a struggle. The context for managerial decisions is simple and stable. Decisions can be made with certainty. Managers do not face restrictions when making decisions.

Rational decision making is a struggle.

__________ is based on transferring authority and responsibilities from management to employees. Structural empowerment Psychological empowerment Human relations empowerment Political empowerment Influence

Structural empowerment

___________ focuses on clarifying employees' role and task requirements and providing followers with positive and negative rewards contingent on performance. Transactional leadership Transformational leadership Consideration Empowerment Initiating structure

Transactional leadership

A(an) _______ tree is a graphical representation of the process underlying decisions. solution process decision ethical action

decision

Twenty-first-century leaders face unique challenges to address critical new competencies, which include all of the following except leading through change. defining roles. understanding digital technologies. embracing ambiguity. utilizing artificial intelligence.

defining roles.

In the encounter phase of organizational socialization, recruits anticipate realities about the organization and the new job. employees' values, skills, and attitudes start to shift as the new recruit discovers what the organization is truly like. individuals resolve competing role demands. people master critical tasks. individuals anticipate the organization's need for someone with their skills and abilities.

employees' values, skills, and attitudes start to shift as the new recruit discovers what the organization is truly like.

In making a decision, evidence forms the basis of the decision. evidence is one of several inputs to the decision process. evidence is created to support a decision using other inputs. evidence should not be used. only quantitative evidence is used.

evidence forms the basis of the decision.

Managers use ________ in three different ways: to make a decision, to inform a decision, and to support a decision. confirmation bias the rational model holistic hunches evidence or data normative models

evidence or data

The making of new mental connections regarding the creative task or problem at hand is represented in the _________ stage of the creative performance process. problem formulation/definition preparation/information gathering idea generation idea evaluation idea validation

idea generation