Exam #3- Chapters 16-34

A mother tells the nurse she is afraid to have her infant immunized. Which of the following statements would be the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "It is normal to be concerned, as some immunizations have been linked to autism." b. "Researching the Internet will provide you more information as to the importance of immunizations." c. "Choosing not to vaccinate your child puts your child and others at risk." d. "Your infant received active immunity at birth, so immunizations are not indicated until 4 months of age."

"Choosing not to vaccinate your child puts your child and others at risk."

A client diagnosed with diabetes reports to the nurse that she has been learning more about controlling her blood sugars by reading information found on the Internet. Which of the following statements by the nurse would be appropriate? a. "Looking at the date the content was posted on the website is important." b. "The Internet is an unreliable source of information and should not be used." c. "The best sources of information are found on pharmaceutical websites." d. "Your physician will provide you better information than the Internet."

"Looking at the date the content was posted on the website is important."

A nursing faculty member is discussing the importance of joining a professional organization as a registered nurse with a group of undergraduate students. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate for the faculty member to include in this discussion? a. "All nurses should be members of the American Nurses Association." b. "Membership in a professional organization helps nurses organize around critical health issues." c. "Dues for professional organizations are expensive, so it is important to set aside money to pay these dues." d. "Membership in a professional organization will foster change in legislation."

"Membership in a professional organization helps nurses organize around critical health issues."

A nurse administrator is educating new nursing staff about the use of health care by rural residents. Which statement about rural adults should be included in the presentation? a. "They are less likely to identify a particular medical provider." b. "They are more likely to see general practitioners and advanced practice nurses than their urban counterparts." c. "They are more likely to seek medical treatment from a specialist than those in urban areas." d. "They usually have to travel an average of 60 minutes to see a provider."

"They are more likely to see general practitioners and advanced practice nurses than their urban counterparts."

A nurse is using motivational interviewing when communicating with a family about improving their eating habits. Which of the following questions would the nurse most likely ask when using this technique? a. "Do you feel comfortable restricting foods your child eats?" b. "Why do you choose unhealthy snacks?" c. "What changes would you like to make to improve your diet?" d. "Where do you do your grocery shopping?"

"What changes would you like to make to improve your diet?"

A nurse has created the program objective "to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by 10% to 25% by providing immunization clinics in all schools before August and December 2018." Which of the following describes the operational indicator? a. Decrease b. Promoting immunization clinics c. 10% to 25% d. Before August and December 2018

10% to 25%

Testicular cancer is commonly found in which age group? a. 10 to 14 years b. 15 to 40 years c. 41 to 50 years d. 51 to 70 years

15 to 40 years

What percentage of U.S. residents live in rural settings? a. 5% b. 15% c. 20% d. 40%

20%

Developmental disabilities that continue throughout a person's lifetime start before which age? a. 7 b. 12 c. 17 d. 22

22

A nurse is implementing interventions to improve the health of the community. Which of the following approaches would be taken by the nurse? a. A top-down approach with rational-empirical problem solving b. A top-down approach with community practice planned by experts c. A bottom-up approach with facilitation of communication d. A bottom-up approach with multisectoral planning and action for health

A bottom-up approach with multisectoral planning and action for health A bottom-up approach with multisectoral planning and action for health incorporates community participation. A bottom-up approach uses broad-based community problem solving that includes health professionals, local officials, service providers, and other community members, including those at risk for health problems. The top-down approach describes when professionals and experts tell the citizens what to do rather than involving and asking them. Social planning stresses rational-empirical problem solving, usually by outside professional experts with a top-down approach. This approach does not focus on building community capacity or fostering fundamental social change.

A nurse is working with a child who lives in poverty. Which of the following best describes this child? a. A child who has poor academic performance b. A child whose parents have a college education c. A child of Caucasian descent d. A child living in a single-parent household

A child living in a single-parent household

A nurse is caring for a client who has a medical home. Which of the following best describes what is being used by the client? a. A building that houses multiple primary care providers and specialists. b. A partnership between a community health nurse, a client, and a family. c. A system that meets the needs of the individual, family, and community. d. A collaboration of care provided by an interprofessional team.

A collaboration of care provided by an interprofessional team.

What is the focus of a special care nursing center? a. A demographical group with special care needs b. An affiliation with a school of nursing c. Providing services while maintaining a not-for-profit status d. Providing fee-for-service care with designated Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) providers

A demographical group with special care needs

A nurse is caring for a client who has designated someone else to make health care decisions when they are unable to do so. Which of the following is being used by the client? a. An advanced medical directive b. A living will c. A durable medical power of attorney d. The Patient Self-Determination Act

A durable medical power of attorney

A nurse visited a client living on a farm residency. Which of the following best describes the area the nurse visited? a. A region that has fewer than six persons per square mile. b. A home outside areas zoned as "city limits." c. A county in a metro area with fewer than 1 million people. d. An area adjacent to a highly populated city.

A home outside areas zoned as "city limits."

A community health nurse is conducting informant interviews in a small community. Which of the following would the nurse most likely contact? a. The state department of health for death records b. A local priest for congregation information c. Surrounding communities for crime comparison d. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for illnesses in the area

A local priest for congregation information Informant interviews are methods of directly collecting data. County health department nurses and church officials are often good key informants. Key informants need not hold any formal title, but are generally viewed as community leaders by other community members and often have a long history in the community. The state department of health, surrounding communities, and CDC do not meet the definition of an informant.

A nursing student would like to become involved by working at a nursing center. Which of the following would be an appropriate role for a nursing student? a. Leader b. Follower c. Advocate d. Researcher

Advocate

A population needs assessment has been completed. Which of the following describes what was done? a. A health status report indicates many people are not using the health department because of long waits. b. The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all travelers to be up to date on the immunizations when traveling abroad. c. A nurse assesses the health status of older adults with diabetes prior to initiation of a health education program. d. An agency uses a television advertisement to encourage healthy eating by the citizens in the community.

A nurse assesses the health status of older adults with diabetes prior to initiation of a health education program.

A nurse is caring for a client who, according to the Social Security Administration, is considered disabled. Which of the following best describes the client? a. A wheelchair-bound person b. A person unable to engage in any gainful activity because of a medical impairment c. A handicapped person d. A person who has had a stroke or has lost the use of a lower extremity

A person unable to engage in any gainful activity because of a medical impairment

A nurse is caring for a client who has a disability. Which of the following would be the correct way to refer to this individual? a. A handicapped person b. A person who has an amputation c. An amputee d. A wheelchair-bound afflicted person

A person who has an amputation

A nurse is completing a disease investigation. Based on the clinical symptoms presented, it is assumed that the individual has measles. However, there has been no laboratory evidence documenting that this individual has the disease. Which of the following types of cases is the nurse investigating? a. A suspected case b. A confirmed case c. A prolonged case d. An identified case

A suspected case

The nurse asks, "What has changed between you and your spouse since your child's head injury?" Which of the following focuses of the family is being used? a. The context b. The client c. A system d. A component of society

A system

A nurse is working with a 17-year-old pregnant cocaine addict who is homeless. Which of the following best describes this client? a. At risk b. A special population c. A Healthy People 2020 target group d. A vulnerable individual

A vulnerable individual

A nurse is providing home care for several elderly clients in the community. Which of the following situations would most likely be indicative of elder abuse? a. A daughter refuses to visit her mother due to work commitments. b. A child runs around a grandparent's house breaking items. c. A young man repeatedly steals money from his grandmother. d. An older person demands that the family come for dinner.

A young man repeatedly steals money from his grandmother.

A nurse is caring for an elderly female population. Which of the following considerations should be made? (Select all that apply.) a. Postmenopausal women are more likely than men to experience hypertension. b. Women use more health services than men. c. Women report lower rates of disability than men. d. Women and men have similar socialization patterns. e. Postmenopausal women are less likely than men to experience depression.

A, B

A nurse is performing interventions at the individual level of care. Which of the following is the nurse most likely completing? (Select all that apply.) a. Teaching well-balanced nutrition to a mother with a malnourished child b. Providing a parent age-specific information for immunizations c. Assessing the community for other cases of malnutrition d. Assessing other families on the same street for similar problems e. Planning a social marketing campaign about seat belt safety

A, B

A nurse is planning nursing interventions for disabled individuals living in poverty. Which of the following factors should be taken into consideration? (Select all that apply.) a. This population may have difficulty securing employment. b. This population may have less access to health care. c. This population is better able to use community resources. d. This population may make healthier lifestyle choices. e. This population is more independent.

A, B

A nurse would like to reduce the risk of liability. Which of the following interventions should be used by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) a. Provide accurate documentation of client visits. b. Inform clients of their rights of appeal. c. Refer clients to the providers of their choice. d. Utilize care planning whenever possible. e. Promote strong community partnerships.

A, B

After a need and client demand for a program have been determined through the needs assessment process, the next step in the development of the program is to choose a procedural method that will assist the nurse in planning the program to be offered. Which are possible planning methods? (Select all that apply.) a. Program planning method (PPM) b. Multi-attribute utility technique (MAUT) c. Sustainability method d. Effectiveness method e. Population needs assessment

A, B

Which are lifestyle habits that have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality? (Select all that apply.) a. Sleeping 7 to 8 hours daily b. Eating breakfast c. Eating between meals d. Vigorous daily physical activity e. Maintaining full-time employment

A, B

Which organizations offer volunteer opportunities in disaster work for nurses? (Select all that apply.) a. American Red Cross (ARC) b. Citizens Corps c. American Nurses Association d. National Public Health Training Centers e. Sigma Theta Tau International

A, B

What is the most common disability occurring in the United States in persons aged 18 years and older? a. Diabetes b. Stroke c. Arthritis d. Cancer

Arthritis

A nurse uses the Community Health Promotion Model to address the problem of increasing teenage pregnancy rates in the community. Which of the following steps would be used by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) a. Identifying interest in the topic through use of community forums b. Building a partnership with parents of teenagers to address this problem c. Counseling teenagers about effective birth control methods d. Contacting other cities with similar problems and issues e. Referring teenagers to Planned Parenthood

A, B The implementation of the Community Health Promotion Model includes identifying interest by community forums and building the partnership. Counseling and referring teenagers and contacting other cities may be used by the nurse but are not part of the steps identified by the Community Health Promotion Model.

A nurse "sets the stage" when assessing members of vulnerable population groups. Which of the following interventions would be completed? (Select all that apply.) a. Creating a comfortable, non-threatening environment b. Providing culturally and linguistically competent assessment c. Collaborating with others as appropriate d. Providing financial and legal advice e. Developing a free clinic in a low-income neighborhood

A, B, C

A nurse is defining the community as part of the community assessment process. Which of the following best describes how the community may be defined? (Select all that apply.) a. Social group determined by geographic boundaries b. Group of people who share common values and interests c. Group of people defined by their interactions d. Individual with a specific health concern e. Individuals with certain interests

A, B, C

A nurse is planning interventions that will be used when providing care for a rural client. Which of the following characteristics of rural life should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.) a. Lack of anonymity b. Higher prevalence of high-risk occupations c. Churches and schools as socialization centers d. Preference for interacting with outsiders e. Increased mobility

A, B, C

A nurse is using public surveillance. Which of the following describes the actions involved? (Select all that apply.) a. Estimating the magnitude of an influenza outbreak b. Determining the geographical distribution of gonorrhea cases c. Detecting an epidemic of whooping cough d. Reducing the prevalence of obesity e. Determining the incidence of cardiovascular disease

A, B, C

Which of the following factors are cited as obstacles to improving men's health? (Select all that apply.) a. Reluctance to consult their primary care provider b. Emphasis of physical strength and competitiveness on masculinity c. Lack of a primary care provider d. Lack of access to health care by African American and Hispanic men e. Emphasis on the male role as the head of the family

A, B, C

Which of the following statements about records are true? (Select all that apply.) a. Records provide complete information about the client. b. Records resolve legal issues in malpractice suits. c. Records provide information for education and research. d. Records allow anyone interested in a client's progress to view a chart. e. Records allow for easy documentation of the client's assessment.

A, B, C

Which populations are at greatest risk for disruption after a disaster? (Select all that apply.) a. Single-parent families b. Children c. Substance abusers d. Middle-class families e. Young adults

A, B, C

What principles were used in the creation of the Healthy Cities movement? (Select all that apply.) a. Primary care b. Equity in health promotion c. Community participation d. High technologic environments e. Relationship building

A, B, C The Healthy Cities movement was based upon the principles of primary care, equity in health promotion, and community participation. Relationship building and high technologic environments were not part of the creation of the Healthy Cities movement.

A nurse is looking for financial support when developing a nursing center. Which of the following would be an appropriate source for funding? (Select all that apply.) a. Grant funding b. Charitable organizations c. Private pledges d. Foundations e. State and federal agencies

A, B, C, D

A nurse is providing care for at-risk minority groups in rural America. Which of the following health care needs are appropriate for the nurse to address? (Select all that apply.) a. Field sanitation b. Infectious diseases c. Maternal care services d. Oral/dental care e. Chronic diseases

A, B, C, D

A staff nurse has demonstrated the ability to be competent as a participant in surveillance and investigation activities. Which abilities would you expect that nurse to possess? (Select all that apply.) a. Identifying appropriate data sources b. Communicating effectively using written reports c. Collaborating with community agencies d. Creating an appropriate budget e. Correctly interpreting laboratory findings

A, B, C, D

What knowledge and skills are required in order to become a competent case manager? (Select all that apply.) a. Knowledge of community resources and financing mechanisms b. Written and oral communication skills c. Proficient negotiation and conflict-resolving practices d. Application of evidence-based practices and outcomes measurements e. Experience with ethical decision making

A, B, C, D

Which factors are challenges of the migrant lifestyle? (Select all that apply.) a. Leaving one's home every year b. Traveling c. Experiencing uncertainty regarding work and housing d. Lack of resources e. Middle income wages

A, B, C, D

Which of the following conditions may contribute to disability? (Select all that apply.) a. Violence b. Tobacco use c. Lack of access to health care d. Unsanitary living conditions e. Extended family living arrangements

A, B, C, D

According to the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, which of the following are included in the areas for health promotion action? (Select all that apply.) a. Creating supportive environments b. Developing personal skills c. Building healthy public policy d. Reorienting health services e. Developing community partnerships

A, B, C, D Creating supportive environments, developing personal skills, building healthy public policy, and reorienting health services are all areas for health promotion action identified by the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion in 1986. Developing community partnerships was not addressed by the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.

A nurse is counseling a family about the management of childhood obesity. Which of the following recommendations should be made by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) a. Set goals related to having a healthier lifestyle, not dieting. b. Have low-calorie, nutritious snacks available and ready. c. Allow snacking in front of the TV for short periods of time. d. Decrease computer time and replace it with activities and chores. e. Invest in a gym membership at a local facility.

A, B, D

A nurse is performing the role of researcher in a nurse center. Which of the following types of data would most likely be collected by a nurse in this setting? (Select all that apply.) a. Client use of services b. Trends in community characteristics c. Staff compliance with HIPAA d. Client satisfaction e. Morbidity rates

A, B, D

A nurse is using basic educational principles when conducting an effective educational program. Which of the following principles would the nurse most likely be using? (Select all that apply.) a. Use a clear, succinct style. b. Use an active voice. c. Refer to Internet sources. d. Use aids to highlight key points. e. Repeat information several times.

A, B, D

What are the reasons for cohabitation? (Select all that apply.) a. Cohabitants would marry, but do not for economic reasons. b. Cohabitants are seeking a more egalitarian relationship. c. Resources, such as food stamps and budget management, can be shared. d. Cohabitants are using this as a trial period to assess whether to marry. e. Resources can be received by multiple individuals.

A, B, D

Which are current trends in providing care for vulnerable populations? (Select all that apply.) a. Community-based care and interorganizational partnerships b. Outreach and case finding c. Elimination of disparities d. Culturally and linguistically appropriate care e. Increased incidence of acute illnesses

A, B, D

A nurse is educating parents about sports safety. Which of the following information would be included in the education? (Select all that apply.) a. Grouping children according to weight, size, and skill level b. Providing adequate supervision by competent teenagers if adults are not available c. Using appropriate-size equipment d. Encouraging attendance at events by medical personnel e. Having an automated external defibrillator (AED) onsite

A, C

A nurse is planning to implement Wagner's Chronic Care Model (CCM). Which of the following essential elements would the nurse consider? (Select all that apply.) a. Clinical information systems b. Evidence-based change c. Self-management support d. Community e. Clinical practice guidelines

A, C, D

A nurse is using a clinical practice guideline. Which of the following describes the situations that the nurse may be facing? (Select all that apply.) a. Recommending the administration of the influenza vaccination to a client b. Creating agency policies and procedures c. Developing a program targeting obesity prevention d. Researching interventions that would improve care for a tuberculosis client e. Documenting the assessment of a client with congestive heart failure

A, C, D

A nurse is working as a case manager. Which of the following best describes the diagnoses that the case manager is most likely to encounter? a. Bankruptcy, financial distress, and depression b. Flu, colds, and frequent headaches c. Malaria, bird flu, and Dengue fever d. AIDS, spinal cord injury, and ventilator dependency

AIDS, spinal cord injury, and ventilator dependency

Which type of nursing center actively integrates service, education, and research in its model? a. Special care b. Free-standing c. Fee-for-service d. Academic

Academic

A nurse makes a visit to a home where several people live. The client says that several people in her family are not related biologically. What action should the nurse take? a. Ask the client why they are living in her home. b. Ask each member to identify his or her health needs. c. Tell the client that these people are not considered family. d. Accept the client's definition of family.

Accept the client's definition of family.

Which statement about the quality assurance process is accurate? a. Processes are implemented to maintain quality. b. Community needs are assessed while implementing quality programs. c. Accountability of the provider is the primary concern. d. Standards for care are established and evaluated.

Accountability of the provider is the primary concern.

A nurse is implementing a voluntary approach to quality control within the organization. Which of the following describes what the nurse is implementing? a. Accreditation b. Licensure c. Certification d. Credentialing

Accreditation

A public health nurse (PHN) is investigating an outbreak of salmonellosis in a community. Which type of surveillance system is being used? a. Active b. Passive c. Sentinel d. Special

Active

A nurse is using the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Which of the following situations is the nurse most likely experiencing? a. Counseling an employee that his insurance will remain the same after changing jobs b. Supervising staff to ensure that all work has been completed c. Adhering to client confidentiality when providing care d. An employee takes additional time off of work to care for a sick family member

Adhering to client confidentiality when providing care

A set of actions one undertakes on behalf of another is identified by what term? a. Social justice b. Advocacy c. Resilience d. Risk

Advocacy

A nurse speaks on behalf of others who are unable to speak for themselves. Which of the following roles is being performed? a. Advocate b. Caregiver c. Coordinator d. Collaborator

Advocate

A nurse is promoting social justice. Which of the following actions would the nurse most likely take? a. Contacting lawmakers about environmental health issues b. Assisting at homeless shelters c. Advocating for policies to improve social conditions d. Serving on a local coalition to prevent obesity

Advocating for policies to improve social conditions

A health educator is trying to change a client's attitudes about smoking. Which of the following domains would be used? a. Cognitive b. Affective c. Psychomotor d. Developmental

Affective

A collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common is defined as what? a. Community b. Group c. Family d. Aggregate

Aggregate An aggregate is a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common. A community is a group of people that share something in common, such as geographic location, interests, or values. A group is people who are located close together. A family is considered parents and children living together in a household.

A public health nurse (PHN) collaborates with a physician's clinic to increase the number of infants and toddlers who receive lead screening. According to the integrative model, what client system and focus of care are being addressed? a. Aggregate level health promotion b. Aggregate level illness prevention c. Family level illness care d. Individual level health promotion

Aggregate level health promotion

A nurse has been working on a regular basis with a group that demonstrates cohesion. Which characteristic is the nurse most likely to describe? a. Inclusion of several leaders. b. Demonstrates diverse attitudes and values. c. All members share a common goal. d. The group has an efficient number of members.

All members share a common goal.

A nurse is triaging victims following a disaster. Which of the following describes the action the nurse would take? a. Allocation of treatment based on the victim's potential for survival b. Assignment of tasks to the appropriate disaster response personnel c. Determination of the level of disaster and agency involvement d. Participation in community preparedness for the disaster response

Allocation of treatment based on the victim's potential for survival

Which of the following statements about disabilities are true? a. Disability includes sickness. b. Almost everyone will experience disability at some time during life. c. Disabilities are limited to physical impairments. d. Most disabled individuals require assistance with ADLs.

Almost everyone will experience disability at some time during life.

A nurse is assessing family structure. Which of the following describes what the nurse should recognize? a. An individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime. b. The variations in family structure are becoming less common. c. The traditional nuclear family is the most common family structure. d. There is great variation among family structures.

An individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime.

What occurs during an act of biological terrorism? a. The intentional release of hazardous chemicals into the environment b. Environmental and occupational exposure to biological toxins c. Immunity to toxins related to repeated exposures d. An intentional release of viruses, bacteria, or other toxins

An intentional release of viruses, bacteria, or other toxins

A nurse prepares for a presentation to a group of adults using strategies appropriate for adult learning. Which of the following concepts is being applied? a. Authoritarianism b. Learning style c. Pedagogy d. Andragogy

Andragogy

A nurse uses the term family policy. Which of the following explains what the nurse is describing? a. Anything that is done by the government that directly or indirectly affects families. b. Laws that affect families and family living. c. Requirements for immunizations for the entire family. d. Healthy People 2020 guidelines for healthy families.

Anything that is done by the government that directly or indirectly affects families.

What question should be answered through a program evaluation? a. Did the audience enjoy the program? b. Is a process evaluation also necessary? c. Are the problems it was designed to solve being solved? d. Was enough information given to change policy?

Are the problems it was designed to solve being solved?

A case manager is fulfilling the role of coordinator. Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely be completed? a. Providing information to all parties about the situations affecting the client b. Educating the client and providers in order to make informed decisions c. Supporting all parties to work toward mutual goals d. Arranging, regulating, and balancing needed health services for the client

Arranging, regulating, and balancing needed health services for the client

A nurse is teaching a postpartum mother how to breastfeed her infant. The nurse notes that the mother is alert and agrees that breastfeeding is important to her and beneficial to her baby. The nurse outlines the expectations of breastfeeding for the mother and the baby. Considering the events of instruction, which of the following should the nurse do next? a. Ask the mother about her previous experience with breastfeeding. b. Demonstrate how to position the baby for breastfeeding. c. Show the mother a video about breastfeeding. d. Have the mother demonstrate breastfeeding.

Ask the mother about her previous experience with breastfeeding.

Which statement describes what occurs during the preparedness stage of disaster management? a. Heightened inspection and increased security in the community b. Incorporation of provision for pets into local disaster plans c. Purchase of personal protective equipment for all citizens d. Assembly of disaster kits for the home, workplace, and car

Assembly of disaster kits for the home, workplace, and car

The nurse is involved in a conflict resolution situation with the parents of a 2-year-old boy. The parents are deciding if "spanking" the child is a disciplinary method that they will employ. The mother says, "I do not believe in spanking. I see it as abusive and demeaning." Which of the following best describes the statement by the mother? a. Cooperation b. Assertiveness c. Bargaining d. Collaboration

Assertiveness

A nurse is assessing persons arriving at an alternate care center following a disaster. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Assess the amount of equipment and medications needed for each client. b. Determine if the client has a psychological condition requiring special attention. c. Assess whether this type of facility is appropriate for the client. d. Determine if the client has a support system to assist with additional care needs.

Assess whether this type of facility is appropriate for the client.

A nurse is planning a health program. Which of the following is the most critical action that should be taken by the nurse? a. Assessing need of the community b. Considering alternative solutions or options c. Detailing the costs and resources needed d. Weighing each alternative

Assessing need of the community

A nurse is leading a team responsible for evaluating the health of a community using the Community Health Promotion Model. Based on this model, which of the following steps would you expect the nurse to complete? Ensuring high technological access before the plan can be implemented Soliciting the consent of every member of the community Assessing the community Restructuring the public health policy in the community

Assessing the community Assessing the community is one of the nine steps of the Community Health Promotion Model. Restructuring public health policy, soliciting consent of all community members, and ensuring high technological access before implementing the plan are not part of this model.

A nurse is using population management as part of the nursing care that is provided. Which of the following activities is the nurse most likely completing? a. Census taking to determine the total number of people in the population b. Assessing the needs of the client population through compilation of health histories c. Providing case management services for every citizen in the community d. Selecting programs for wellness that are repeated annually

Assessing the needs of the client population through compilation of health histories

A nurse is volunteering on a disaster medical assistant team as a first responder. Which of the following tasks would the nurse be prepared to perform? a. Set up immunization clinics. b. Assist in triaging disaster victims. c. Provide all the medical care for disaster victims. d. Complete a needs assessment of the community.

Assist in triaging disaster victims.

An elderly person is living independently in a single room in a full-service life care community. Which of the following terms best describes this living arrangement? a. Adult daycare b. Home care c. Nursing home d. Assisted living

Assisted living

A public health nurse (PHN) is working with families and communities. Which of the following best illustrates the nursing action that is being implemented? a. Learning about the core competencies for public health professionals b. Facilitating a client discharge from an inpatient facility c. Assessing the structure of a family d. Assisting clients who are uninsured in finding resources and services

Assisting clients who are uninsured in finding resources and services

A nurse using a critical path when providing care for a client is most likely engaged in what activity? a. Implementing the six "rights" of case management b. Demonstrating competencies required for practicing case management c. Attempting to achieve a measurable outcome for a specific client d. Effectively managing conflict resolution

Attempting to achieve a measurable outcome for a specific client

Which statement about migrant and seasonal farmworkers is true? a. The economic status of migrant workers has improved over the last decade. b. This is a transient population that does not need nursing care. c. Most migrant workers are eager to accept health care services. d. Availability of food in the United States depends on these individuals.

Availability of food in the United States depends on these individuals.

A nurse is working with an individual who pursues neither his concerns nor another's concerns. Which of the following conflict management behaviors is being used? a. Accommodating b. Collaborating c. Avoiding d. Compromising

Avoiding

What is the first stage of collaboration? a. Trust building b. Consensus c. Collegiality d. Awareness

Awareness

What are the main characteristics of partnership? a. Awareness, flexibility, and distribution of power b. Rights, responsibilities, and consensus c. Commitment, participation, and articulation d. Collaboration, advocacy, and utility

Awareness, flexibility, and distribution of power The main characteristics of partnership are awareness, flexibility, and negotiated distribution of power. Rights, responsibilities, and consensus are not the main characteristics of partnership. Commitment, participation, and articulation are not the main characteristics of partnership. Collaboration, advocacy, and utility are not the main characteristics of partnership.

Which of the following are benefits of home visits? (Select all that apply.) a. Promote health for adolescent mothers. b. Identify barriers and provide support for family health promotion goals. c. Allow families to maintain a sense of control in meeting their health care needs. d. Prolong the nurse-client relationship. e. Establishment of healthy behaviors.

B, C

A nurse is assessing the safety in the community using primary data. Which of the following data would be useful for the nurse to collect? (Select all that apply.) a. Number of billboards in the area b. Interviews with health care providers who are familiar with the community c. Observation of community members d. Nurse's own observations e. Morbidity and mortality rates

B, C, D

A nurse is working with individuals who meet the definition of work disability as defined by the United States Census Bureau. Which of the following best describes these individuals? (Select all that apply.) a. An individual who has resigned from a position because of discrimination. b. An individual who has retired or left a job for health reasons. c. An individual who did not work because of long-term mental illness. d. An individual who did not work in the past 12 months because of illness. e. An individual who has recently been terminated.

B, C, D

Which are the objectives of a disease investigation? (Select all that apply.) a. Enhancing the knowledge of the nurse working in public health b. Controlling and preventing disease or death c. Identifying factors that contribute to the disease outbreak/event occurrence d. Implementing measures to prevent occurrences e. Participating in the core functions of public health

B, C, D

Why is it difficult to know the exact number of homeless persons? (Select all that apply.) a. Homeless people refuse to provide demographic information. b. Many homeless people refuse to be interviewed. c. It is difficult to generalize from one location to another. d. Some persons experience short intervals of homelessness. e. Homeless individuals are most likely hiding within the community.

B, C, D

Which community-based programs resulted in equally favorable health risk changes for both control and treatment groups? (Select all that apply.) a. Framingham Heart Study b. Stanford Five-City Heart Disease Prevention Program c. North Karelia Study d. Minnesota Heart Health Program e. Dutch Heart Health Community Intervention

B, C, D, E

A nurse performs a community assessment as part of the Community Health Promotion Model. Which of the following best describes the rationale for this action? a. Becoming more acquainted with the multiple factors that influence health status b. Surveying the citizens in the community about their wants and needs c. Allowing special interest groups a voice in health policy d. Providing a narrow focus for the committee work

Becoming more acquainted with the multiple factors that influence health status The purpose of including a community assessment in the implementation of the Community Health Promotion Model is to become more acquainted with the multiple biological, behavioral, social, and physical factors that describe and influence health status of residence. The assessment provides the frame of reference for identifying the community's strengths, needs, and resources. The community assessment involves multiple factors, which is more than surveying citizens or asking special interest groups for their opinions. The community assessment has a broad focus, not a narrow focus.

A nurse's excessive attention to cost containment impairs the nurse's duty to provide measures to improve health. Which of the following ethical principles is being influenced? a. Autonomy b. Beneficence c. Veracity d. Nonmaleficence

Beneficence

A nurse considers how the environment outside of the family influences the development of a child. Which of the following theories is being used? a. Bioecological systems b. Family systems c. Family developmental and life cycle d. Capacity-building model

Bioecological systems

A nurse is using a genogram when assessing a family risk. Which of the following types of risks is being assessed? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

Biological

A nurse is working with a team to learn more about what its most important accomplishments have been and to identify what changes are desired. Which of the following would be the method used to accomplish this task? a. Compare job descriptions b. Analyze mission and goals c. Brainstorm d. Develop charts and diagrams

Brainstorm

A nurse develops a plan to describe the development and direction of the nursing center and identifies how the center will meet its goals. Which of the following best describes this plan? a. Feasibility study b. Business plan c. Strategic plan d. Organizational framework

Business plan

The nurse and client, a 20-year-old expectant mother, are discussing the advantages and disadvantages of breastfeeding. To enhance understanding of the implications of breastfeeding, the nurse says, "Tell me more about how you will work full time and breastfeed." Which of the following aspects of the advocacy process is being used? a. Verification b. Clarification c. Amplification d. Affirmation

Clarification

A nurse has collected data about the services available in the community and is using the 7 "A's" to evaluate these services. Which of the following questions will the nurse most likely ask? a. Can the community members allocate resources to support the service? b. Can the community members afford the service? c. Will the community members allow strategies to be implemented to improve the service? d. Will the community members approve of the services provided?

Can the community members afford the service? The 7 "A's" include: Is the community aware of its needs and of the service? Is it accessible to community members? Is the service available when the community needs it? Can the community members afford the service? Does the community find the service acceptable? Is the service adequate to meet the needs of the community? And, are the services appropriate to meet the needs of the community? The following questions do not address the 7 "A's": Can the community members allocate resources to support the service? Will the community members allow strategies to be implemented to improve the service? And, will the community members approve of the services provided?

A nurse is caring for a migrant farmworker who has been working in the agricultural industry for the past 10 years. When questioned about environmental hazards, the client reports regular exposure to pesticides. Which of the following is the client at increased risk of developing? a. Cancer b. Memory loss c. Skin rashes d. Headaches

Cancer

Which of the following disorders has been identified as an occupational health risk for agricultural workers? a. Stroke b. Heart disease c. Diabetes d. Cancer

Cancer

An enduring process in which a manager establishes systems and monitors the health status, resources, and outcomes for a targeted aggregate of the population is referred to by what term? a. Case management b. Care management c. Disease management d. Demand management

Care management

What are the six "rights" of case management? a. Care, time, provider, setting, price, and outcomes b. Patient, medication, route, time, documentation, and evaluation c. Place, setting, patient, plan, outcomes, and documentation d. Disease process, time, place, beneficence, advocate, and care provider

Care, time, provider, setting, price, and outcomes

The nurse organizes developmental vision and hearing screening of young children to identify those with disabilities. Which of the following roles is being performed by the nurse? a. Caregiver b. Coordinator c. Collaborator d. Case finder

Case finder

Which group is over-represented in rural areas when compared with urban areas? a. African Americans b. Asian Pacific Islanders c. Caucasians d. Native Americans

Caucasians

A nurse is profiling the clients who are served by an agency as well as documenting services requested and provided. Which of the following describes the type of record that would be appropriate to use? a. Clinical record b. Provider service record c. Financial record d. Central index system

Central index system

Which factor influences the growing number of poor persons in the United States? a. Increase in company earnings. b. Changes in the labor force. c. Better access to quality education. d. Adequate welfare benefits.

Changes in the labor force.

Which group has the highest rate of poverty? a. Children b. Teenagers c. Women d. Older adults

Children

A family with children has income too high to qualify for state health insurance but does not have enough money to purchase private health insurance. Which program would a nurse refer this family to for the children to receive health care coverage? a. Medicare b. Children's Health Insurance Plan (CHIP) c. Medicaid d. Social Security

Children's Health Insurance Plan (CHIP)

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents who have a child under 1 year of age. Which of the following would be the most important topic to discuss? a. Choking b. Burns c. Poisoning d. Falls

Choking

A patient with a long history of asthma with many hospital admissions is referred to a case manager for disease management. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this referral? a. Chronic and costly disease conditions that require long-term care interventions b. Patients who cannot handle their disease c. Those who seek to control use by providing clients with correct information d. Patients who will need an advanced practice nurse instead of physician for monitoring

Chronic and costly disease conditions that require long-term care interventions

A public health nurse (PHN) is working with the chronically ill and families with young children needing age-specific health maintenance. Which of the following models of case management is being used? a. Client-focused b. System-focused c. Social service d. Long-term care

Client-focused

What information is included in a case definition? a. The precise point of contact b. Laboratory confirmation c. Source of contamination d. Clinical symptoms

Clinical symptoms

A nurse is working with low-income families with disabilities who have young children. Which specific form of disability causes the greatest risk for abuse? a. Physical disabilities b. Developmental delays c. Growth delays d. Cognitive disabilities

Cognitive disabilities

A nurse lives in a community that demonstrates commitment. Which of the following would most likely be supported within this community? a. Creation of a community club by the city council to facilitate community involvement b. Collaboration among area restaurant owners to develop healthier menus c. Collaboration with the health department to build a new recreation center d. Development of a cooperative agreement with a neighboring city to share needed services

Collaboration with the health department to build a new recreation center Commitment to the health of the community requires a process of change at each appropriate level on the continuum. The most successful change processes often arise from collaborative practice models that involve the community and nurses in joint decision making. Participants must see themselves as part of a group effort and share in the process, beginning with planning and including decision making. Collaboration by restaurant owners to develop healthier menus only addresses one population of the community and does not show involvement by nurses and the larger community. Creation of a community club by the city council does not engage the larger community in this decision. Developing a cooperative agreement with a neighboring city does not show commitment between the members of both communities.

A nurse responding to a natural disaster is most likely responding to what concern? a. Transportation accident b. Pollution c. Communicable disease epidemic d. Fire

Communicable disease epidemic

A public health worker displayed a competency in disaster medicine and public health. Which of the following describes what the worker has successfully accomplished? a. Communicating effectively with others b. Participating in the chain of command c. Using a set of standardized activities for every disaster d. Implementing a community assessment

Communicating effectively with others

A public health nurse (PHN) collaborates with local community leaders to develop a local campaign educating about the importance of wearing a seat belt. Which of the following client systems of the integrative model does this describe? a. Community b. Aggregate c. Family d. Individual

Community

When applying the integrative model for community health promotion, a nurse assesses the neighborhood for accessibility and adequacy of care to provide treatment for medical conditions. What client system does this describe? a. Individual b. Family c. Aggregate d. Community

Community

A nurse executive would like to hire a neighborhood resident who is trained in community outreach to work at the nursing center. Which of the following would most likely be the title of this position? a. Community health worker b. Support staff member c. Clinical specialist d. Specialty care provider

Community health worker

A nurse utilizes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Healthy Communities Program. Which of the following factors does the nurse recognize that will influence the continuance of this program? a. Time b. Community participation c. Federal involvement d. Technology

Community participation Community participation can influence the continuance of the Healthy Communities and Cities movement. Time, federal involvement, and technology are not as major of factor to continuation as is participation by the community.

A nurse wants to have a clear understanding of the overall health status of a community and to identify populations at risk. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? a. Complete a community assessment. b. Perform a population needs assessment. c. Evaluate past programs in the community. d. Develop program resources for the community.

Complete a community assessment.

Which type of nursing center operates under a service model? a. Free-standing center b. Affiliated center c. Comprehensive primary care center d. Proprietary

Comprehensive primary care center

A nurse operates a school-based clinic in a local school where multiple providers and disciplines offer care to children, making it easier for children to access health care. Which of the following best describes this approach? a. Advocacy b. Wrap-around services c. Social justice d. Comprehensive services

Comprehensive services

An elderly client was receiving home care after hospitalization for a cerebrovascular accident. After several weeks of physical and speech therapy, the client showed few signs of progress. The utilization review committee considered the client's condition to be stable and declined reimbursement for further home care. Which of the following describes the process that could be used by the client to reverse the decision? a. Prospective utilization review b. Retrospective utilization review c. Concurrent utilization review d. Medicare reversal process

Concurrent utilization review

Mutual benefit with limited loss for everyone is a goal of what process? a. Negotiating b. Assertiveness c. Conflict management d. Cooperation

Conflict management

A nurse is working with incarcerated adults who are being released from prison. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate to implement? a. Connect offenders with community-based mental health programs. b. Provide community supervision for mentally ill offenders. c. Advocate for increased prison time to decrease recidivism rates. d. Educate about available state resources.

Connect offenders with community-based mental health programs.

A nurse is applying the steps of surveillance from the Minnesota Model of Public Health Interventions book. Which of the following describes the initial action that the nurse would take? a. Analyze data. b. Consider whether surveillance is appropriate to the situation. c. Evaluate the impact of the surveillance. d. Collect data.

Consider whether surveillance is appropriate to the situation.

A nurse is using the Health Belief Model (HBM) when developing health programs in the community. Which of the following is the nurse most likely involved in? a. Conducting group risk appraisal and risk reduction b. Considering the factors that will motivate the participants to change their health behaviors c. Completing a community wellness inventory d. Considering legislative changes that are necessary to improve environmental living conditions and sanitation

Considering the factors that will motivate the participants to change their health behaviors

A group member has taken on the role of the "gatekeeper." Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by this member? a. Seek and accept the authority or direction of others. b. Guide and direct the group activity. c. Control outsiders' access to the group. d. Focus the movement toward the main work of the group.

Control outsiders' access to the group.

The nurse, with agreement from the family, arranges for families to see social workers on the same day that they bring their children for follow-up care in a pediatric cardiology clinic. Which of the following roles is being performed? a. Caregiver b. Coordinator c. Collaborator d. Case finder

Coordinator

A nurse completes a cost-accounting study on a program that targets obese adults, helping them to adopt healthier lifestyle choices. The nurse would like to compare the cost of the program to the cost savings in the health care system by preventing the occurrence of chronic illnesses. Which of the following types of studies would be most appropriate to use in this situation? a. Cost-accounting study b. Cost-benefit study c. Cost-effectiveness study d. Cost-efficiency study

Cost-benefit study

A nurse needs to collect baseline data before implementing which type of a study? a. Cost-accounting study b. Cost-benefit study c. Cost-effectiveness study d. Cost-efficiency study

Cost-effectiveness study

A nurse collects data about productivity of staff members to evaluate a program. Which type of study is the nurse completing? a. Cost-accounting study b. Cost-benefit study c. Cost-effectiveness study d. Cost-efficiency study

Cost-efficiency study

Which data source provides information about the function of the community? a. Local restaurant b. Elected officials c. County health department d. Civic groups

County health department Function refers to the aims and activities of the community. Civic groups and elected officials refer to people. Local restaurant refers to a place.

What was the overarching concept upon which Healthy People 2020 was built? a. Establish nursing centers for improving health promotion. b. Create partnerships among individuals, communities, and systems. c. Eliminate disease in lesser-developed countries. d. Further the agenda of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Create partnerships among individuals, communities, and systems.

A nurse is implementing a community health education program at a local church. Which of the following educational principles should the nurse implement when providing this education? a. Refer to trustworthy sources. b. Use an active voice. c. Create the best learning environment. d. Accentuate the positive health behaviors of the participants.

Create the best learning environment.

What is the purpose of the National Health Quality Report (NHQDR)? a. Report on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's goals for the year. b. Describe the yearly activities of the agency. c. Ensure national quality of services. d. Document whether health care quality is stable, improving, or declining over time.

Document whether health care quality is stable, improving, or declining over time.

A nurse was involved in the initial implementation of the Healthy Communities and Cities initiative in the United States. Which of the following problems would have most likely been addressed? a. Reduction to the amount of pollutants released into the environment b. Provision of fire and police protection c. Creation of a coalition to address health disparities d. Elimination of crime and violence from the community

Creation of a coalition to address health disparities The concept of a healthy community or city is based on the belief that the health of the community is largely influenced by the environment in which people live and that health problems have multiple causes: social, economic, political, environmental, and behavioral. Creation of a coalition engages residents in addressing the problem, which is impacted by multiple factors. The initial activities of this initiative focused on the problems of diverse populations. Reduction of the amount of pollutants and provision of fire and police protection do not address problems of diverse populations. Although crime and violence in a community may be decreased, it is not possible to eliminate it.

A nurse is given formal recognition as a professional with technical competence in a certain area of nursing practice. Which of the following terms describes what has happened? a. Licensure b. Accreditation c. Recognition d. Credentialing

Credentialing

A nurse is creating a program objective. Which of the following would be developed? a. Decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2007. b. Provide condoms to sexually active teenagers in the local high school. c. Increase by 25% the number of school-age children wearing seat belts. d. Provide free diabetic screening every other month for 2 years.

Decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2007.

A nurse is assisting clients to improve their health status. Which of the following types of management is being used by the nurse? a. Care management b. Case management c. Disease management d. Demand management

Demand management

Nurses analyze family developmental changes and stressors when studying what aspect of the family? a. Demographics b. Functions c. Structure d. Nursing

Demographics

A community coalition monitors the increasing obesity rate of children in their schools. Based on this data, they consider a variety of programming options which may possibly help decrease this trend. What was the purpose of conducting this surveillance? a. Protect the children from diseases that affect obese children. b. Teach parents that obesity will not be tolerated in this community. c. Educate children on surveillance techniques. d. Demonstrate that new clinical and effective protocols need to be developed.

Demonstrate that new clinical and effective protocols need to be developed.

A nurse is teaching a group of clients newly diagnosed with diabetes how to give themselves injections. Which of the following formats would be most appropriate for the nurse to use? a. Demonstration b. Health fair c. Lecture d. Non-native language session

Demonstration

A nurse is investigating a potential bioterrorism attack. What evidence would a nurse find if a bioterrorism attack occurred? a. Many cases of influenza b. A case of cholera in a local politician following a trip to India c. Dengue fever in a group of students who just returned from a mission trip d. An unusual illness in a population

Dengue fever in a group of students who just returned from a mission trip

Which of the following health problems ranks as one of the top five problems for farmworkers aged 5 to 19 years? a. Dental problems b. Communicable diseases c. Gastrointestinal problems d. Stress

Dental problems

A nurse is conducting a developmental screening to assess for domain-specific development, including gross and fine motor skills. Which developmental screening tool would the nurse most likely use? a. Pediatric Symptom Checklist b. Ages and Stages Questionnaire c. Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status d. Denver II

Denver II

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) format for evaluation, what would occur during the focus the evaluation design step? a. Writing the program description b. Specifying the indicators that will be used c. Describing the purpose for the evaluation d. Linking the conclusions to the evidence gathered

Describing the purpose for the evaluation

A provider and a client consider the possibilities of solving a problem using one of the solutions identified. Which of the following phases of the program planning process is being used? a. Conceptualizing b. Detailing c. Implementing d. Evaluating

Detailing

What is the purpose of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)? a. Create a new branch of government that deals with bioterrorism. b. Establish a way for the Red Cross to carry out its mission. c. Develop a nationwide all-hazards approach to domestic incident management. d. Extend presidential power to act quickly upon acts of bioterrorism.

Develop a nationwide all-hazards approach to domestic incident management.

A community health nurse would like to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the community. Which of the following activities would most likely be used? a. Establish immunization clinics to prevent sexual transmitted infections (STIs). b. Educate people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the mode of transmission. c. Explain to women that HIV is transmitted to women usually by intravenous drug abuse. d. Develop an STD clinic to increase community access to services.

Develop an STD clinic to increase community access to services.

A nurse is engaging in the evaluation phase of community health program planning. Which of the following would be part of effective completion of this phase? a. Demonstrate the ability to improve the health of the participants. b. Develop measurable objectives and goals before implementation. c. Encourage full participation by community members. d. Improve the health of the population through the program.

Develop measurable objectives and goals before implementation.

Community preparedness is being used to plan for a disaster. Which of the following tasks is being implemented? a. Assembling emergency supplies b. Understanding the workplace disaster plan c. Taking a disaster training course d. Developing an evacuation plan to remove individuals from danger

Developing an evacuation plan to remove individuals from danger

A nurse is working as a case manager and is in the process of performing interdisciplinary, family and client conferences. Which of the following phases of the nursing process is being implemented? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Planning for outcomes d. Implementation

Diagnosis

A nurse is employed by a nursing center. Which of the following types of services will be provided here? a. Illness-oriented care b. Direct access to nursing services c. Free services d. Physician diagnosis of health problems

Direct access to nursing services

A nurse is completing the post-visit phase of a home visit. Which of the following activities is the nurse most likely to complete? a. Document the visit and services provided. b. Conduct a health teaching session. c. Plan the next home visit. d. Seek information about community resources for referrals.

Document the visit and services provided.

A nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with a substance abuse disorder and bipolar disorder. Which of the following terms best describes what is being experienced by the client? a. Disability b. Dual diagnosis c. Handicap d. Functional limitation

Dual diagnosis

A community health nurse is writing an objective. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to write? a. Each member of the family will give an insulin injection to the client with accurate dosage 100% of the time for 10 consecutive trials. b. The client will perform a blood sugar test on herself with an accurate blood sugar reading. c. The community will take their children to receive immunizations within 1 month of the immunization due date. d. Fifty percent of the eligible women seen in the clinic will return for their scheduled mammogram appointment.

Each member of the family will give an insulin injection to the client with accurate dosage 100% of the time for 10 consecutive trials.

A nurse is educating a community women's group about the importance of monthly breast self- exam and annual mammograms. Which of the following best describes why this community health education is important? a. Increased screening will lead to a decreased incidence of breast cancer. b. Early detection of breast cancer typically leads to a better prognosis. c. The death rate of breast cancer continues to rise. d. The potential harm from screening needs to be discussed.

Early detection of breast cancer typically leads to a better prognosis.

A nurse is demonstrating how a family relates to the other units in the community. Which of the following assessment instruments would be appropriate for the nurse to use? a. Family intervention b. Family assessment c. Genogram d. Ecomap

Ecomap

The nurse asked the family about its financial resources and the demands on these resources. Which type of risk factor is being assessed? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

Economic

Which health risk category is one of the foremost predictors of health? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

Economic

A nurse is implementing Wagner's Chronic Care Model (CCM). Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by the nurse? a. Educate a community group about hypertension control. b. Create a budget for chronic disease management. c. Administer immunizations to community members. d. Conduct depression screenings in the community.

Educate a community group about hypertension control.

A nurse uses Healthy People 2020 as a guide when planning health education in the community. Which of the following actions would be taken by the nurse? a. Focus on avoiding cigarette smoking and using alcohol in moderation. b. Educate clients using primary and secondary levels of prevention. c. Use Bloom's taxonomy when planning educational objectives. d. Design health fairs aimed at individuals.

Educate clients using primary and secondary levels of prevention.

A nurse plans to address the increasing prevalence of depression in the community. Which of the following would be the best strategy to implement? a. Educate the community about how depression affects men. b. Recognize available community resources. c. Advocate for health policy changes. d. Understand how free clinics are able to provide mental health services to those without health insurance.

Educate the community about how depression affects men.

A nurse is implementing a primary prevention strategy for migrant workers. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Caring for persons afflicted with pesticide exposure b. Setting up clinics for persons with HIV c. Setting up clinics for persons with HIV d. Educating about prevention of such illnesses as HIV and infectious diseases

Educating about prevention of such illnesses as HIV and infectious diseases

A nurse is aware that there is a rising incidence of abusive head trauma (AHT). Which of the following would be a focus of the nurse? a. Taking at-risk babies out of violent households b. Placing babies under the care of community health nurses c. Educating and providing support to new parents d. Helping those affected seek proper legal representation

Educating and providing support to new parents

A nurse is a political advocate for the migrant population. Which of the following best describes the action being taken by the nurse? a. Upholding immigration laws and deporting illegal aliens b. Passing laws to improve the living conditions of migrant farmworkers c. Educating communities about the health problems of migrant farmworkers d. Learning to speak Spanish for better communication with migrant farmworkers

Educating communities about the health problems of migrant farmworkers

A nurse is utilizing a disease-oriented approach when providing care to a client. Which of the following interventions will the nurse most likely provide? a. Promotion of a greater level of positive health b. Education about common disease processes c. Acute care management of chronic disease d. Education about medication compliance

Education about medication compliance

A nurse is designing interventions and evaluating results of Healthy Municipalities and Cities. Which of the following considerations would be made by the nurse? a. Influence of individual actions b. Acute care hospital services in the community c. Social results and endorsement of law makers for policy changes d. Effectiveness of health services, including delivery of preventive services

Effectiveness of health services, including delivery of preventive services The effectiveness of health services, including the delivery of preventive services, should be considered when designing interventions and evaluating the results of Healthy Municipalities and Cities. Influence of individual actions, acute care hospital services, and social results and endorsement of law makers are not part of Healthy Municipalities and Cities.

During a class on newborn care given at a local health department, a nursing student asks the participants to practice with baby dolls. Which of the following steps of promoting effective education is the student using? a. Eliciting performance b. Assessing performance c. Enhancing retention and transfer of knowledge d. Gaining attention

Eliciting performance

A person is already homeless and is receiving shelter. Which type of housing is being used? a. Low income b. Supportive c. Emergency d. Adequate

Emergency

A client is suffering from stress related to the depressed lumber industry in his county. Which of the following best describes this client's condition? a. Manic-depression b. Psychosis c. Anticipatory grieving d. Farm stress

Farm stress

A nurse is developing and coordinating an emergency response plan for a community. With which of the following organizations would the nurse collaborate? a. American Red Cross (ARC) b. National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) c. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) d. Emergency Management Agency (EMA)

Emergency Management Agency (EMA)

A nurse is investigating the structure of the community. Which of the following indicators would the nurse most likely collect data about? a. Infant mortality rate b. Effective communication c. Crime rate d. Emergency room utilization

Emergency room utilization The structure of the community is defined in terms of services and resources. The subsystems of community structure consist of physical environment, health and social services, economy, transportation and safety, politics and government, communication, education, and recreation.

How does Healthy People 2020 address persons with disabilities? a. Suggests specific therapies and techniques for working with this population. b. Recognizes individuals with disabilities as productive citizens. c. Recommends the development of community health centers. d. Emphasizes increased access to services for this population.

Emphasizes increased access to services for this population.

What is the goal of providing education across the three levels of prevention? a. Enabling clients to attain optimal health b. Identifying and treating health problems early to eliminate disability c. Enabling populations to break into individuals d. Teaching people about Healthy People 2020

Enabling clients to attain optimal health

A nurse is providing contraceptive counseling to a female. Which of the following goals does the nurse plan to work toward? a. Encourage the individual to choose abstinence. b. Ensure the individual is educated to make an informed choice about reproduction. c. Advocate for increased funding for reproductive services. d. Reduce the health risks of the individual.

Ensure the individual is educated to make an informed choice about reproduction.

What is a benefit of systematic planning? a. Allowing nurses to oversee materials presented b. Ensuring that resources are used to address the needs of the community c. Linking local politicians with the community d. Educating student nurses about public health nursing

Ensuring that resources are used to address the needs of the community

A community health nurse is caring for an individual who is experiencing crisis poverty. Which of the following characteristics would this individual most likely display? a. Episodic homelessness b. Physical disability c. Mental disability d. Drug abuse

Episodic homelessness

A nurse has evaluated the learning needs of a community support group. Which of following steps should the nurse take first when developing an educational program for them? a. Consider any potential barriers to learning. b. Establish goals and objectives for the program. c. Select appropriate materials for the program. d. Assess the dynamics of the group.

Establish goals and objectives for the program.

A nurse is conducting disease surveillance. Which of the following describes the goal for this action? a. Eradicating a disease before it starts b. Establishing a baseline rate of disease occurrence c. Targeting populations for triage d. Reducing the incidence of heart disease in a community

Establishing a baseline rate of disease occurrence

A nurse is implementing an intervention at both the primary and tertiary levels of prevention. Which of the following best describes the nursing intervention? a. Providing emergency shelter housing b. Offering physical and mental health services c. Developing a targeted case management program d. Establishing a needle exchange program

Establishing a needle exchange program

A nurse is involved in implementing the Community Health Promotion Model. Which of the following best describes the action being taken by the nurse? a. Changing public policy b. Establishing a team to plan and coordinate the work c. Providing nursing diagnoses for the community d. Revising an objective for Healthy People 2020

Establishing a team to plan and coordinate the work A structure in the community for health promotion should be developed through the establishment of a steering committee that will plan and coordinate the work. The nurse would not change public policy, but rather provide information based on data to policy makers. The nurse would not be revising objectives in Healthy People 2020 as that is not an action that individuals are able to take. Nursing diagnoses are not written as part of this model.

Why is rurality a subjective concept? a. Everyone has an idea as to what constitutes a rural setting. b. The differences between rural and urban areas are very distinct. c. Rural health has not been very well researched. d. The demographic and social characteristics of urban people are similar.

Everyone has an idea as to what constitutes a rural setting.

A nurse is using an ecomap. Which of the following best describes the situation that the nurse is experiencing? a. Assessing a family's biological risks b. Considering a family's economic risks c. Discussing a family's lifestyle risks d. Examining a family's social risks

Examining a family's social risks

A nurse is using health status indicators to complete a community assessment. Which of the following best explains what the nurse is doing? a. Interviewing key informants in the community b. Examining morbidity and mortality rates in the community c. Surveying local businesses in the community d. Observing community members

Examining morbidity and mortality rates in the community

A nurse assesses the playground safety at a new community center and notices rope swings and a trampoline. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? a. Have signs posted encouraging children to be monitored continuously. b. Explain to the staff that these items are not recommended for playgrounds. c. Supervise the children closely when they are using this equipment. d. Compose a letter to be shared at the next city council meeting.

Explain to the staff that these items are not recommended for playgrounds.

A nurse is working with an older person following a disaster. Which of the following emotions of the client should be anticipated by the nurse? a. Anger b. Fear of loss of independence c. Violence d. Regression

Fear of loss of independence

A nurse is completing an initial home visit with a family. Which of the following nursing actions is most important to include? a. Explore the client's ideas and perceptions about the purpose of the visits. b. Identify with the client the contradictions in the client's words and health behaviors. c. Refer the client to others in the health team. d. Teach the client about solutions to his or her problems.

Explore the client's ideas and perceptions about the purpose of the visits.

A nurse is providing care to a Native Alaskan client. Which of the following exposures should the nurse anticipate may require specialized community nursing care? a. Exposure to toxic substances b. Farmer's lung c. Field sanitation d. Black lung

Exposure to toxic substances

Government actions that have a direct or indirect effect on families are called what type of policy? a. Social b. Family c. Public d. Financial

Family

A woman needs to take some time off from work to care for her invalid mother. Which of the following health policies allows her to take an extended leave from work to care for a family member? a. Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act b. Women's Health Equity Act (WHEA) c. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) d. Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

A nurse asks, "Where is this family on the continuum of the family cycle?" Which of the following theories is being used? a. Bioecological systems b. Family systems c. Family developmental and life cycle d. Capacity-building model

Family developmental and life cycle

A nurse organizes care for a family by focusing on the common tasks of family life and considering a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. Which of the following theories is being applied? a. Family systems b. Bioecological systems c. Family developmental and life cycle d. Capacity-building model

Family developmental and life cycle

A nurse examines family interactions. Which of the following identifies the theory that is being applied? a. Bioecological systems b. Family systems c. Family developmental and life cycle d. Capacity-building model

Family systems

Which theory views the family with boundaries that are affected by the environment? a. Family developmental and life cycle theory b. Bioecological systems theory c. Microsystems d. Family systems theory

Family systems theory

A nurse is providing care to populations who are from different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. Which of the following barriers should the nurse be aware of that may prevent full engagement in a relationship? a. Fears and misconceptions related to poverty b. Lack of tangible and emotional resources c. Lack of knowledge about people who live in poverty d. Perception that the poor don't need to be poor

Fears and misconceptions related to poverty

A nurse is examining the strengths, limitations, and capacity of an organization and the community to support the establishment and viability of a nursing center. Which of the following best describes what the nurse has completed? a. Data collection b. Feasibility study c. Focus groups d. Community forums

Feasibility study

A nurse is discussing eligibility for federal food assistance with a family. Which federal guideline would a nurse refer to when considering financial eligibility? a. Poverty Threshold Guideline b. Consumer Price Index (CPI) c. Federal Income Poverty Guideline d. Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF)

Federal Income Poverty Guideline

A nurse is assisting with recruitment of health care providers to a primary care facility. Which of the following facts about the rural population and their patterns of seeking medical care should be considered? a. Fewer rural adults seek medical care than urban adults. b. There is a greater population to serve in rural areas. c. Poor adults in urban areas have less access to care. d. Rural adults do not want to seek care.

Fewer rural adults seek medical care than urban adults.

A public health nurse (PHN) is working with a community during the recovery phase of a disaster. Which of the following attributes would be most important for the nurse to possess? a. Flexibility b. Organization skills c. Personable d. Sense of humor

Flexibility

A nurse is providing preconceptual counseling to a woman. Which of the following supplements would be recommended to help prevent neural tube defects? a. Iron b. Calcium c. Folic acid d. Vitamin C

Folic acid

A nurse completes a program evaluation to identify if the objectives of the program were met. Which of the following describes the action of the nurse? a. Assessment b. Evaluation c. Formative evaluation d. Summative evaluation

Formative evaluation

A case manager submits documentation that a nursing visit was completed at a client's home, but it was never performed. According to the general areas of legal risk, how would this action best be categorized? a. Liability for managing care b. Fraud/abuse c. Negligent referral d. Confidentiality/security

Fraud/abuse

A nurse builds a vacation home in a remote area having fewer than six people per square mile, so "I can get away from it all." Which of the following best describes the classification of this area? a. Standard metropolitan statistical area b. Metropolitan county c. Frontier d. Rural area

Frontier

A nurse is implementing an educational program about the importance of being physically active. Which of the following steps would the nurse complete first? a. Provide learning guidance. b. Present the stimulus. c. Gain the learner's attention. d. Ask learners to recall prior learning.

Gain the learner's attention.

A leader of a support group introduces a nurse to its members and discusses the professional relationship he has with the nurse for the past several years. Which of the functions is the leader performing? a. Gatekeeper b. Insider c. Community health workers d. Advocate

Gatekeeper Gatekeepers refer to formal or informal community leaders who create opportunities for nurses to meet diverse members of the community. Insiders are those who grew up in the community, have personal ties to the people there or comes from a similar cultural or ethnic background. Community health workers are not professional or licensed health care providers but are community members from diverse backgrounds who receive training to do health outreach work. An advocate is someone who speaks up for and supports the needs of the community.

A nurse has identified the boundaries of the community. Which of the following steps should the nurse take next when completing a community assessment? a. Gather relevant existing data and generating missing data. b. Plan interventions that benefit the entire community. c. Formulate nursing diagnoses. d. Evaluate the interventions that were used.

Gather relevant existing data and generating missing data. The first step of the community assessment is to define the community. In order to do this, geographic boundaries, the population within the boundaries, the purpose of the assessment, and a data collection plan will be identified. Those inhabiting the community are a primary focus of the assessment. A variety of strategies are used to identify this central core of the community. The next step involves gathering and generating data to learn more about the community. After the community has been completely assessed then nursing diagnoses can be formulated, interventions planned, and finally interventions evaluated.

A nurse executive publishes information about the effectiveness of a prenatal program. Which of the following describes this essential step of evaluation of this program? a. Focusing on design b. Engaging stakeholders c. Ensuring use and sharing lessons learned d. Gathering credible evidence

Gathering credible evidence

Which of the following statements is correct? a. Genes, biology, and health behavioral choices account for 75% of population health. b. Medical care accounts for 25% of population health. c. Physical and social environments account for 75% of population health. d. Genes, biology, and health behavioral choices account for 25% of population health.

Genes, biology, and health behavioral choices account for 25% of population health.

A nurse displays pertinent family information in a multigenerational family tree format. Which of the following best describes this format? a. Family intervention b. Family assessment c. Genogram d. Ecomap

Genogram

A nurse has provided an organization a philanthropic contribution. Which of the following best describes what the nurse has provided? a. Contract b. Gift c. Grant d. Loan

Gift

Which of the following characteristics indicates a man is at a higher risk for developing prostate cancer? a. Being of Caucasian descent. b. Has not had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. c. Has a father or brother who has had prostate cancer. d. Has benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH).

Has a father or brother who has had prostate cancer.

A nurse is caring for a homeless population. Which of the following characteristics should the nurse anticipate as a need of this population? a. Need more nursing care than other vulnerable groups. b. Have no desire to seek medical care. c. Have even fewer resources than poor people who have adequate housing. d. Are living in despair with no hope or resilience.

Have even fewer resources than poor people who have adequate housing.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a vulnerable population? a. Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population. b. Have a single risk factor but experience worse health outcomes than the general population. c. Have multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes to the general population. d. Have worse outcomes with better access to health care than the general population.

Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population.

A nurse executive reports that the nursing center receives reimbursement through contracted rates. Which of the following types of reimbursement mechanism is being used? a. Fee-for-service b. Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) c. Health Management Organization (HMO) provider d. Third-party reimbursement

Health Management Organization (HMO) provider

The wide variations in health services and health status between certain population groups are identified by what term? a. Vulnerable population groups b. Health disparities c. Disadvantaged populations d. Risk markers

Health disparities

Which of the following statements about health disparities is accurate? a. African American women have a much higher incidence of breast cancer. b. Health disparities are the result of negligent health care practices. c. Health disparities vary among racial/ethnic groups. d. Men have more obstacles to receiving health care than women.

Health disparities vary among racial/ethnic groups.

A nurse considers an audience's ability to read, comprehend, and act on medical instructions while preparing health education materials. Which of the following factors is the nurse considering? a. Health literacy b. Resilience c. Social justice d. Health disparity

Health literacy

Why must change for the community as a client often occur at several levels? a. Health problems caused by lifestyle are multidimensional. b. Most individuals can change their habits alone. c. Aggregates are responsible for social change. d. Geographic areas often have health risks that the nurse must identify.

Health problems caused by lifestyle are multidimensional. Because health problems caused by lifestyle cannot be solved simply by asking individuals to choose healthy habits, change for the community client must often take place at several levels. Society must also be involved in the change by supporting individual choices. There may be certain geographic areas that have higher health risks than others, but this does not explain why care must occur at several levels.

A client runs 5 miles a day because it improves mood and energy level. Which of the following best describes this example? a. Health promotion b. Illness prevention c. Health maintenance d. Health protection

Health promotion

According to Leavell and Clark, what does primary prevention consists of? a. Health promotion and rehabilitation b. Health promotion and specific protection c. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment d. Health maintenance and early diagnosis

Health promotion and specific protection

A community is searching for additional funding so that a bike trail can be built in the community. Which of the following best describes this example? a. Health promotion b. Illness prevention c. Specific protection d. Health protection

Health protection

A nurse focuses intervention strategies on the structural dimension of community health. Which of the following best describes the focus of these strategies? a. Health services b. Primary prevention c. Health promotion d. Secondary prevention

Health services The structure of the community is defined in terms of services and resources. The subsystems of community structure consist of physical environment, health and social services, economy, transportation and safety, politics and government, communication, education, and recreation. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of disease, injury, or disability. Primary prevention attempts to promote health and provide specific protection from disease. Health promotion activities are interventions focused on improving one's health.

A nurse is assessing a family. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse recognize as being learned within the family structure? a. Smoking habits and heart disease b. Health values and health habits c. Chronic illness and disease risk d. Societal norms and values

Health values and health habits

The Healthy Communities and Cities initiative supports what idea? a. Healthy cities and communities must be both environmentally and socially sustainable. b. Healthy public policy is the responsibility of elected officials. c. Physical environments cannot be changed; thus, strategies must be developed in order to cope with them. d. The World Health Organization (WHO) is the primary source of information for cities.

Healthy cities and communities must be both environmentally and socially sustainable. Healthy cities and communities must be both environmentally and socially sustainable through a strategy of primary care. Healthy public policy should involve collaboration at all levels. Supportive environments should be created. The WHO originally began this movement, but now sharing occurs among those participating in this initiative.

Wearing seat belts is required in many communities. Children of a certain age must be restrained in a car seat or seat belt when riding in a car. Which of the following best describes what has happened in this community? a. Unilateral action of lawmakers b. Participation in health fairs c. Healthy public policy d. Media interest in protecting the public

Healthy public policy Examples of healthy public policy are seat belt legislation, nonsmoking policies, and immunization policies for school-age children. Participation in health fairs involves providing health education and resources out in the community. Unilateral action of lawmakers does not demonstrate community involvement. Media interest does not create the legislation.

A nurse is caring for a disabled individual and her family. Which of the following may be a potential effect on the family? a. High out-of-pocket expenses to receive necessary services b. Alteration of self-concept and self-esteem c. Compliance with necessary legislation to maintain services d. Provision of health care services by the health department

High out-of-pocket expenses to receive necessary services

A client is experiencing a social risk. Which of the following best describes this risk? a. Inadequate housing b. Lack of education c. High-crime neighborhood d. Lack of insurance

High-crime neighborhood

Which is a characteristic of persons living in poverty? a. Longer life expectancy b. Simple health problems c. Higher rates of chronic illness d. Fewer hospitalizations

Higher rates of chronic illness

An older person is in the last stages of dying. Which type of care would be the best for this client? a. Home health b. Assisted living c. Nursing home d. Hospice

Hospice

What information is shared among agencies when they collaborate to implement a quality surveillance system? a. How to use algorithms to identify which events should be investigated? b. Who is to blame for a disease outbreak? c. What shelters will be used and by whom? d. How political action will be necessary to ensure public health?

How to use algorithms to identify which events should be investigated?

What is a health-oriented perspective viewpoint? a. Health as the absence of disease b. Human lifestyle based on one's prescribed regime c. Humans as complex and interconnected with the environment Community education as the role of the registered nurse

Humans as complex and interconnected with the environment

A family has experienced a family crisis. Which of the following best describes this situation? a. Husband loses job and family is now homeless. b. Child dies, and parents go to grief counseling. c. Mother is hospitalized for 2 weeks and neighbors help care for the children. d. Nurse goes to home to give chemotherapy to child with cancer.

Husband loses job and family is now homeless.

A nurse is completing a community assessment. Which of the following actions would be most likely for the nurse to complete? a. Identify community needs and clarify problems. b. Determine the weaknesses of a community. c. Perform the core functions of public health nursing. d. Assess individual needs within a community.

Identify community needs and clarify problems. In a community assessment, one of the core functions is a logical, systematic approach to identifying community needs, clarifying problems, and identifying community strengths and resources. The focus of the community assessment is on the needs of the community, not on individuals. The core functions of public health nursing are not all used during the community assessment process. The community assessment should identify both the strengths and weaknesses of the community.

The Framingham Heart Study was successful in achieving what goal? a. Providing information on the effectiveness of risk-reduction interventions b. Documenting the relationship between social variables and heart disease c. Identifying factors contributing to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) d. Demonstrating the effects of mass media in modifying high-risk behavior

Identifying factors contributing to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD)

A nurse is actively participating in efforts to reduce gun violence among young people. Which of the following actions is most likely being taken by the nurse? a. Identifying populations at risk for violence b. Passing legislation to support gun control c. Searching lockers at school looking for weapons and contraband d. Caring for clients who have sustained gunshot wounds

Identifying populations at risk for violence

A client walks 5 miles a day because of a long family history of early death from heart attacks and is refraining from a sedentary lifestyle. Which of the following best describes this example? a. Health promotion b. Illness prevention c. Health maintenance d. Health protection

Illness prevention

A nurse is using the specific approach to quality improvement (QI). Which of the following describes the action that would be taken by the nurse? a. Evaluate an agency's ability to meet criteria or standards. b. Implement the plan-do-check-act cycle. c. Provide care to individual citizens. d. Use criteria set forth by regulatory agencies.

Implement the plan-do-check-act cycle.

A case manager has contacted providers and has negotiated services and prices. Which of the following phases of the nursing process is being demonstrated? a. Assessment b. Diagnosis c. Planning/outcome d. Implementation

Implementation

A case manager supports a client's decision to return home after having a total hip replacement rather than go to a skilled nursing facility. Which of the following phases of the nursing process is being used? a. Assessment b. Planning/outcome c. Implementation d. Evaluation

Implementation

A community identifies cardiovascular disease as a priority need because its mortality rate is four times higher than the rate identified in Healthy People 2020. Which of the following describes the type of approach that was used? a. Pre-active b. Reactive c. Inactive d. Interactive

Inactive

Which program planning stage defines the problem based on the existing health status of the population to be served? a. Pre-active b. Reactive c. Inactive d. Interactive

Inactive

Which of the following describes a barrier to obtaining care in a rural area? a. Readily available transportation b. Inadequate provider understanding about rural health needs c. Short distances to health care facilities d. Available specialists

Inadequate provider understanding about rural health needs

A nurse is using surveillance to collect outcome data. What information would most likely be collected? a. Number of clinic services which use evidence-based protocols b. Proportion of the population vaccinated against influenza c. Incidence of breast cancer in the population d. Probability of a bioterrorism attack occurring in the community

Incidence of breast cancer in the population

A nurse is trying to develop community partnerships. Which of the following interventions would be the most appropriate for the nurse to use? a. Involve the community residents. b. Use nurses as the source of information and leadership. c. Rely on the power of local officials. d. Include a variety of disciplines.

Include a variety of disciplines. Community partnerships occur when community residents and health workers come from a variety of disciplines. Partnerships should involve a variety of individuals from various backgrounds. There should be a balance of power and information sharing among all of the participants.

A nurse is examining social determinants of health. Which factor is the nurse looking at? a. Ethnicity b. Income c. Gender d. Marital status

Income

A nurse is assessing the occupational health risks of a migrant farmworker. Which health risk is the nurse most likely to find? a. Denial of care when going to the emergency room b. Difficulty obtaining affordable health insurance c. Increased exposure to chemicals and work-related injuries d. Episodic violence from farm owners and employers

Increased exposure to chemicals and work-related injuries

A nurse is conducting a community assessment in a poor neighborhood. Which of the following is the nurse most likely to find? a. Fewer minority groups b. Increased exposure to environmental hazards c. More available health care services d. Lower rates of crime and substance abuse

Increased exposure to environmental hazards

A public health agency is transitioning from a traditional management model for quality assurance to a total quality management (TQM) approach. Which of the following changes will occur within the agency? a. Increased administrative authority b. Increased participation by all staff c. Additional focus on quality assurance d. Specialized accountability for services provided

Increased participation by all staff

A nurse is examining the future of disaster management. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate? a. Vague and unorganized future due to constant emergence of new disasters b. Increasing sophistication in technology and surveillance c. Lack of involvement by national and state officials d. Decreasing need for public health workers to provide care

Increasing sophistication in technology and surveillance

A nurse provides counseling to an obese client about the importance of good nutrition and regular exercise with the intention of helping the client avoid future chronic diseases associated with obesity. What client system and focus of care are being applied in this situation? a. Family level health promotion b. Individual level illness prevention c. Aggregate level illness prevention d. Individual level health promotion

Individual level illness prevention

A nurse schedules an appointment with a provider who has a practice in the community to learn more about the community's beliefs regarding childhood immunizations. Which of the following is being demonstrated? a. Informant interview b. Participant observation c. Active participation d. Windshield survey

Informant interview An informant interview is a method of community data collection that involves directed conversation with selected community members. Participant observation refers to the deliberate sharing in the life of a community, such as participating in a local fair or festival, or attending a political or social event. Active partnerships are those in which all participants share leadership and decision making to some degree. Windshield surveys are a method of simple observation, providing a quick overview of a community.

A nurse implements a health promotion education program for physically compromised adults. Which of the following would be the most important reason to provide programming for this population? a. Health promotion interventions are similar among those with disabilities. b. Establishment of health-promoting behaviors is difficult. c. Information and counseling is needed to prevent other health problems. d. Community resources can be accessed through these presentations.

Information and counseling is needed to prevent other health problems.

A nurse is planning to conduct research in a rural setting. Which of the following areas of research may be of most importance to rural nursing practice? a. Information about residents living in the intermountain and Midwestern regions b. Information on the stressors and rewards of rural practice c. Studies related to moving from rural environments to urban ones d. Studies about the effects of air pollution

Information on the stressors and rewards of rural practice

A nurse clarifies the purpose of a home visit with a family. Which of the following phases of the home visit process is occurring? a. Initiation b. Pre-visit c. In-home d. Post-visit

Initiation

A nurse is using Anderson and McFarlane's model to complete a community health assessment. Which of the following information about the community would the nurse be collecting? a. Resources available to promote health b. Interactions among subsystems c. Physical environment d. Demographics

Interactions among subsystems

A large amount of data related to hypertension rates in a community is collected and analyzed. What is the next step in the surveillance process? a. Collecting data from multiple valid sources b. Evaluating the impact on the surveillance system c. Interpreting the data and disseminating it to decision makers d. Asking political officials to finance a hypertension clinic

Interpreting the data and disseminating it to decision makers

A nurse would like to improve the ability of the nursing center to be responsive to the needs of the community. Which of the following best describes how this can be accomplished? a. Having staff examine the needs of the community b. Determining the services to be provided by the center c. Involving the community in assessing its own needs d. Addressing the problems in the community

Involving the community in assessing its own needs

Which of the following describes one advantage of the Health Belief Model (HBM)? a. It is one of the most recently developed models based on evidence-based practice principles. b. It can reduce the incidence of diseases and disabilities. c. It can assist with planning programs to increase an individual's motivation to take positive health action. d. It promotes individual's participation in community-based screening programs.

It can assist with planning programs to increase an individual's motivation to take positive health action.

A quality assurance manager does an audit and 6 months later returns to see if the problem has been eliminated. Which of the following describes this step? a. It involves selecting explicit criteria for quality care. b. It includes the review of records. c. It requires a peer review of all cases that do not meet criteria. d. It completes the audit process.

It completes the audit process.

Current research on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has found which statement to be true? a. It does not prevent heart disease. b. It should be used to prevent osteoporosis. c. It is useful with complementary therapies. d. It causes breast cancer.

It does not prevent heart disease.

Which statement about education is true? a. It emphasizes the provider of knowledge and skills. b. It emphasizes the recipient of knowledge and skills. c. It is a process of gaining knowledge and expertise. d. It results in behavioral change.

It emphasizes the provider of knowledge and skills.

A nurse is using a concurrent audit to review documentation following home health visits. Which of the following statements describes why this type of audit is most appropriate in this situation? a. It is less costly than a retrospective audit. b. It represents the total picture of care that the client receives. c. It provides more accurate data for planning corrective action. d. It identifies problems at the time that care is given.

It identifies problems at the time that care is given.

A nurse is critiquing the program objective 'to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2018." Which of the following critiques is accurate? a. It is accurate as written. b. The results are ambiguous. c. The action verb is not action oriented. d. The purpose is not stated.

It is accurate as written.

A nurse is making an appointment with a family for a nursing visit. Which of the following best describes a barrier that the nurse may experience when trying to schedule this appointment? a. The assessment cannot be done unless the extended family is present. b. It may be difficult to find a convenient time for all family members to be present. c. Nurses have limited time to do home visits. d. Families are often scattered over a large area, making access difficult.

It may be difficult to find a convenient time for all family members to be present.

Care in a managed system is provided by less experienced providers. Which of the following ethical principles is being influenced in this situation? a. Autonomy b. Beneficence c. Nonmaleficence d. Justice

Justice

For obtaining information about services needed to meet community needs, business leaders within a community were interviewed. Which of the following describes this method of obtaining needs assessment data? a. Community forum b. Key informant interview c. Survey of existing agencies d. Indicators approach

Key informant interview

Which factor may limit access to care for migrant farmworkers? a. Unwillingness to seek affordable health care b. Lack of knowledge regarding services c. Availability of 24-hour health care services d. Adequate transportation

Lack of knowledge regarding services

A nurse is working for a public health department as the community health educator. Which of the following is a potential barrier that a nurse may experience? a. Working with clients with a low literacy level b. Memorizing the information that is to be taught c. Having a limited vocabulary d. Lacking necessary knowledge

Lacking necessary knowledge

A nurse needs to make the final decision about establishing a nursing center in the local community. Which of the following factors would be the most important for the nurse to consider? a. Legal and regulatory considerations b. Community involvement c. Nursing interest d. Potential grant funding

Legal and regulatory considerations

A nurse is planning to administer an immunization to a child. Which of the following factors would be a medical contraindication for the administration of immunizations? a. Religious beliefs b. Sore throat c. Leukemia d. Fear of side effects

Leukemia

A case manager provides a formal communication link among all parties concerning the plan of care management. Which of the following roles of the nurse is being implemented? a. Facilitator b. Liaison c. Coordinator d. Negotiator

Liaison

A nurse is investigating the overall health status of a population. Which of the following indicators would most likely be used by the nurse? a. Life expectancy b. Health status c. Morbidity rate d. Prevalence

Life expectancy

A family has experienced a nonnormative life event. Which of the following best describes this situation? a. Adoption of a child b. Loss of a job c. Marriage of a child d. Retirement from work

Loss of a job

A nurse is caring for a population that has experienced a health disparity. Which of the following best describes the outcome of a health disparity? a. Low childhood immunization rates b. High dropout rates c. Unemployment d. Income below poverty level

Low childhood immunization rates

A nurse is working with a group focused on improving the health of the community. Which of the following interventions should be used by the nurse? a. Making decisions for the group to move the process along b. Inviting business leaders to participate in the group process c. Maintaining members through recognition and encouragement d. Teaching topics that are of national importance

Maintaining members through recognition and encouragement

A public health nurse (PHN) is providing the core function of assurance to the community. Which of the following describes what the nurse is doing? a. Providing the same services to all citizens b. Maintaining quality in the public health workforce c. Eliminating low-quality services d. Contracting with outside agencies to evaluate effectiveness

Maintaining quality in the public health workforce

A nurse recognizes the importance of group norms when planning community health education. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why this is important? a. Allows for creativity and variety among group members. b. Influences members' perception of community. c. Are helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of the group. d. Maintains the group through various supports to members.

Maintains the group through various supports to members.

A nurse is forced to evaluate personal beliefs, values, and knowledge about poverty. Which of the following experiences most likely explains the situation the nurse is experiencing? a. A client asking for a small amount of money at a clinic b. Setting up a homeless shelter c. Making a home visit to a home that is unkempt d. Reading about poverty in a textbook

Making a home visit to a home that is unkempt

A nurse is using the termination component of the nurse-family relationship. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use? a. Increasing sessions with the nurse b. Making referrals when appropriate c. Providing a formative evaluation of the relationship d. Refusing additional communication with the family

Making referrals when appropriate

A nurse who is using population management needs to be able to work with integrated care delivery systems. Which of the following describes the rationale for this competency? a. Management has shifted from inpatient care to primary care providers as points of entry. b. Emphasis is on episodic illness care for individuals rather than on population management. c. Care management services and programs do not provide access and accountability, as provided by case management services. d. Assessment of the needs of the population is no longer necessary.

Management has shifted from inpatient care to primary care providers as points of entry.

A nurse is trying to increase participation in a free colorectal screening program for middle-aged adults who lack health insurance. Which of the following implementation mechanism would be most effective? a. Small interacting groups b. Health policy c. Lay advisors d. Mass media

Mass media

Which statement about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is true? a. SIDS occurs most often in female infants. b. Maternal cigarette smoking increases risk. c. Most deaths occur between 2 and 8 months of age. d. Most victims had a previous episode of cyanosis or apnea.

Maternal cigarette smoking increases risk.

An individual has a disability that is considered to be a function of physical characteristics that place him or her at a disadvantage when compared to those without the characteristics. What definition of disability is being used? a. Social Model of Disability b. Medical Model of Disability c. Webster Dictionary definition of disability d. Social Security Administration definition of disability

Medical Model of Disability

A nurse is assessing a client who has had an acute exposure to a pesticide. Which of the following symptoms is the client most likely to display? a. Memory loss b. Musculoskeletal problems c. Cancer d. Infertility

Memory loss

What does the cognitive domain of learning include? a. Changes in attitudes and the development of values b. The performance of skills c. Memory, recognition, understanding, reasoning, and problem solving d. Memorization of one set of skills before moving on to the next

Memory, recognition, understanding, reasoning, and problem solving

Historically, which of the following population groups would have been least likely to receive community assistance? a. Widowed women b. Orphaned children c. Mentally ill d. Injured laborers

Mentally ill

A nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who has been exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on a regular basis. Which of the following is the child at greater risk for because of this exposure? a. Middle ear infections b. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) c. Living in poverty d. Behavioral disturbances

Middle ear infections

A nurse is working with a client whose principal employment is in agriculture on a seasonal basis and has established temporary housing in the area while employed. Which of the following terms best describes this laborer? a. Seasonal farmworker b. Migrant farmworker c. Transient worker d. Share cropper

Migrant farmworker

A riverfront community builds a retaining wall to divert flood water away from the town. Which term describes this action? a. Mitigation b. A natural disaster c. Community resilience d. Rapid needs assessment

Mitigation

A nurse is implementing a secondary prevention strategy. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Monitoring for prenatal care b. Treatment for anemia c. HIV prevention d. Tetanus immunization

Monitoring for prenatal care

The nurse chooses to interview a family in the clinic office. Which of the following provides the rationale for this decision? a. Nurse's territory will provide the nurse with power. b. More formal setting may allow for better discussion of family issues. c. Nurse will feel more comfortable. d. Environment of the family can be assessed.

More formal setting may allow for better discussion of family issues.

Which statement about eating disorders is correct? a. Individuals with anorexia frequently complain about weight loss. b. Purging is associated with anorexia. c. Most women with bulimia are concerned with the shape and weight of their body. d. Bulimia has more medical complications than anorexia.

Most women with bulimia are concerned with the shape and weight of their body.

A nurse is providing care to a family who has a child with a disability. Which of the following individuals would most likely report high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression? a. Mother b. Father c. Teacher d. Home health nurse

Mother

What is the leading cause of death for unintentional injuries among children and teenagers? a. Drowning b. Motor vehicle accidents c. Burns d. Poisonings

Motor vehicle accidents

A nurse is teaching a client about how to complete a wound dressing change. Which of the following conditions must be met before learning will occur? a. Must be able to memorize the instructions, relay this information to a partner, and demonstrate the dressing change. b. Must master the dressing change at the time it is taught, repeat the demonstration for the nurse, and teach another person. c. Must be able to speak the language of the nurse, have time to practice the dressing change, and master the dressing change in a short time. d. Must have the necessary ability, a sensory image of how to carry out the dressing change, and an opportunity to practice the dressing change.

Must have the necessary ability, a sensory image of how to carry out the dressing change, and an opportunity to practice the dressing change.

A nurse is in the beginning phase of contracting with a family. Which of the following activities will most likely occur during this phase? a. Mutual division of responsibilities b. Mutual development of a plan c. Mutual setting of time limits d. Mutual implementation of the plan

Mutual development of a plan

A nurse is working with a family who has an income above the federal income guidelines but is unable to meet their living expenses. Which of the following terms best describes this family? a. Persistent poverty b. Near poor c. Impoverished d. Neighborhood poverty

Near poor

What term is used to identify the process of moving conflicting parties toward an outcome? a. Negotiation b. Conflict management c. Problem-purpose-expansion method d. Brainstorming

Negotiation

A case manager uses effective collaboration and team strategies to arrange for services. Which of the following roles is being applied? a. Broker b. Negotiator c. Liaison d. Facilitator

Negotiator

The nurse visits a household that consists of an elderly person living with 2 individuals who rent rooms in the house. Which of the following describes this type of household? a. Single-family household b. Family household c. Non-family household d. Family demographic trend

Non-family household

Which statement best describes the effects of life events on family health risk? a. Normative events require very little change in family structures and roles. b. Positive events are unlikely to place stress on a family. c. Normative and nonnormative events pose potential risks to the health of families. d. Negative life events require change and place stress on a family.

Normative and nonnormative events pose potential risks to the health of families.

A nurse is implementing the steps of the Community Health Promotion Model. Which of the following does this most resemble? a. Collaboration process b. WHO's Ottawa Charter c. Nursing process d. CDC's monitoring program

Nursing process The steps of the Community Health Promotion Model are very similar to the nursing process. The steps include assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The collaboration process, WHO's Ottawa Charter, and the CDC's monitoring program do not contain steps like the Community Health Promotion Model.

A nurse is providing primary prevention when working with the homeless. Which of the following best describes what is being implemented? a. Providing emergency housing aid b. Creating drug and alcohol treatment options c. Offering effective job training programs d. Evaluating comprehensive case management programs

Offering effective job training programs

A nurse is working with a group and would like to facilitate successful collaboration. Which of the following would be the most important factor for the nurse to consider? a. Focus of the group b. Planned change that will occur c. Decisions made by executive director d. Open and frequent communication

Open and frequent communication

A nurse is educating migrant women to serve as links between the existing health care agencies and the migrant farmworker family. Which of the following best describes the role of these women? a. Migrant head start workers b. Outreach care workers c. Physician assistants d. Nurse aides

Outreach care workers

A nurse executive is managing a nursing center. Which of the following would be an expected responsibility of a nurse in this role? a. Managing the business operations b. Managing the data systems c. Providing patient care and referral d. Overseeing contracts and grants

Overseeing contracts and grants

The SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak was an epidemic that spread over several countries. Which of the following terms describes what happened? a. Hyperendemic b. Pandemic c. Mixed outbreak d. Holoendemic

Pandemic

A nurse reads the local community newspaper to gather data about the community. Which method of data collection is being used? a. Informant interview b. Focus group c. Participant observation d. Windshield survey

Participant observation

A nurse practitioner reports a case of gonorrhea to the local health department. Which type of surveillance system is being used? a. Active b. Passive c. Sentinel d. Special

Passive

A community has residents who provide information to the city council so that decisions can be made about the health of the community. Which of the following characteristics is being displayed? a. Active partnerships b. Passive participation c. Gatekeeping d. Focus groups

Passive participation Coalitions are active partnerships in which all participants share leadership and decision making to some degree. Unfortunately, some community health efforts view community residents only as sources of information and receivers of interventions; this limits residents to passive participation. Gatekeepers refer to formal or informal community leaders who create opportunities for nurses to meet diverse members of the community. A focus group is like an interview in that it collects data mainly through asking open- ended questions to participants but to a small group rather than an individual.

A client is self-employed as a mechanic and has no health insurance coverage. Which of the following best describes the legislation that will assist this client in obtaining health insurance? a. Balanced Budget Act b. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) c. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) d. Social Security Act

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)

A leader controls group members through rewards and often keeps members in the dark about the goals and rationale behind prescribed actions. What type of leadership does this describe? a. Democratic b. Patriarchal c. Socialist d. Paternal

Patriarchal

A nurse is implementing the Community Health Promotion Model. Which of the following underlying principles should the nurse use to facilitate active participation? a. Individuals should work in groups to complete necessary tasks. b. Individuals participating should represent all segments of the population. c. People will work together if they like the leadership. d. People will participate when they see the issues as worthy of their time.

People will participate when they see the issues as worthy of their time. People participate when they feel a sense of community and see their involvement in the issues as relevant and worthy of their time. This is the second step of the Community Health Promotion Model. There should be a broad-based representation on the planning committee, but it may not represent all segments of the population. The tasks may need to be completed by both groups and individuals. Although the likability of leadership may influence who participates, it most likely will not influence whether they are able to work together.

What are the critical attributes in the definition of community? a. Families, groups, and health organizations b. Health needs, geographical boundaries, and target population c. People, place, and functions d. Populations and health resources

People, place, and functions People, place, and function are the critical attributes in the definition of community. These attributes are found in most definitions of community. The people are community members or residents; place refers to geographic and time dimensions; and function refers to the aims and activities of the community.

A PHN in the 1960s is measuring quality assurance. Which of the following resources would the nurse most likely have used? a. American Nurses Association (ANA) Standards of Practice b. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) Nursing Audit Criteria c. Community Health Nursing Practice Standards d. Phaneuf nursing audit method

Phaneuf nursing audit method

A nurse is using the educational process of selecting appropriate educational methods when planning a community health program. Which of the following steps of the nursing process does this action most resemble? a. Assessment b. Evaluation c. Implementation d. Planning

Planning

To increase the immunization rates among children in the community, a nurse manager is considering holding immunization clinics on Saturdays one month before school begins. Which of the following describes what is happening? a. Formulating b. Planning c. Implementing d. Evaluating

Planning

A nurse is developing a quality improvement (QI) program. Which of the following would be the most important aspect of the program that should be considered? a. Vision and values of the agency b. Standards used to provide care c. Results of nursing care d. Evaluation of process changes

Results of nursing care

A college student goes to the Student Health Center with an extremely swollen neck where the advanced practice nurse diagnoses the mumps. The student reports that a roommate also is experiencing malaise and a sore throat. Which of the following defines these two students? a. Mixed outbreak b. Common source c. Point source d. Propagated outbreak

Point source

A community health nurse is working with adolescents. Which of the following characteristics would most likely be displayed by an adolescent who is at increased risk to engage in risk-taking behavior? a. Poor academic performance b. High self-esteem c. Middle-class income d. Involvement in extracurricular activities

Poor academic performance

A nurse is working with multiple vulnerable groups. Which of the following would be most sensitive to the adverse effects of vulnerability? a. Pregnant teenager living with her parents for financial support b. Poor, older woman with no means of transportation c. 2-year-old boy of underinsured parents d. Recently unemployed father of five

Poor, older woman with no means of transportation

What effect does alcohol consumption have on migrant farmworkers? a. Provides relaxation and is important for migrant workers' well-being. b. Adds additional risks to pesticide exposure. c. Poses safety hazards for farmworkers. d. Allows migrant workers to sleep better, thus improving daytime productivity.

Poses safety hazards for farmworkers.

What is the primary cause of vulnerability? a. Race b. Age c. Poverty d. Illness

Poverty

Which of the following factors has the largest impact on health disparities among all populations? a. Ethnicity b. Education level c. Lifestyle choices d. Poverty

Poverty

It is projected that the incidence of diabetes will increase in the future and therefore creates a need for more diabetic health educators. Which of the following approaches was used to identify this need? a. Pre-active b. Reactive c. Inactive d. Interactive

Pre-active

A nurse is working with a client who is part of the Mexican culture and is experiencing a folk illness. Which of the following actions by the client should the nurse anticipate? a. Prefer to seek care with a folk healer. b. Consult the female leader of the family. c. Rely on Western medicine to cure the ailment. d. Become isolated and not seek care.

Prefer to seek care with a folk healer.

A nurse interviews the school nurses in a community to determine their roles in schools because this data is not available. Which of the following processes is the nurse using? a. Photovoice b. Spatial data c. Primary data d. Secondary data

Primary data Primary data includes using informant interviews, focus groups, and participant observation in order to collect information about a community. Spatial data involves looking at the locations of places within the community. Photovoice, also called photo elicitation, is a community assessment technique in which community members take photos to represent a topic or theme about community health. Secondary sources include published data about the community, such as census data.

A congressional mandate for the addition of folic acid to cereals in the United States to reduce neural tube defects in infants has been implemented. Which of the following levels of prevention has been addressed? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Assessment

Primary prevention

A staff development program is used to teach nurses and other providers about how to reduce risk by properly documenting interventions provided. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Quality care

Primary prevention

With the involvement of the local government and health department, a community-wide program is planned to make all public businesses smoke free, thus eliminating exposure to second-hand smoke. Which of the following levels of prevention of program planning and evaluation is being applied? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Assessment

Primary prevention

A nurse recognizes that a barrier that may be experienced when providing family nursing care is health literacy. Which strategy should the nurse implement to reduce the occurrence of this problem? a. Write down all necessary information for the family. b. Use multiple colors of ink on written materials. c. Print in upper- and lowercase letters. d. Use as many descriptors as possible.

Print in upper- and lowercase letters.

When a nurse is evaluating the components of an educational program. Which of the following best describes the action that is being taken by the nurse? a. Short-term evaluation b. Educational product c. Process evaluation d. Long-term evaluation

Process evaluation

Which is a characteristic of nursing practice in rural environments? a. Anonymity b. Less autonomy c. Professional isolation d. Faster pace

Professional isolation

A nurse is monitoring program activities, such as hours of service, number of providers used, number of referrals made, and amount of money spent to meet program objectives. Which of the following aspects of program evaluation is being used? a. Relevance b. Progress c. Efficiency d. Effectiveness

Progress

A nurse is implementing plan-do-check-act. Which of the following actions is the nurse going to perform? a. Documentation of client care. b. Obtain certification in a specialty area. c. Review data after changing practice. d. Provide equal access to care.

Review data after changing practice.

What is the goal of the Healthy Communities and Cities initiative? a. Promoting health through community participation b. Reorganizing the current health care system c. Maximizing the cost-benefit ratio of health care d. Improving the quality of care in communities

Promoting health through community participation The goal of the Healthy Communities and Cities initiative is the promotion of health through community engagement and collaboration. This leads to addressing the health and quality of life for all through a process that includes diverse citizen participation, mobilization of all sections of the community, and community ownership. Reorganization of the current health care system, maximizing the cost-benefit ratio of health care, and improving the quality of care in communities are not part of the Healthy Communities and Cities initiative.

A nurse assesses the necessity of receiving care before providing services. Which of the following describes what is being implemented? a. Concurrent audit b. Retrospective audit c. Prospective utilization review d. Retrospective utilization review

Prospective utilization review

Which type of cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States? a. Gastrointestinal b. Prostate c. Skin d. Testicular

Prostate

A nurse strives to meet the health care needs of diverse and changing families. Which of the following best describes the consideration that should be made by the nurse? a. Provide culturally competent care. b. Understand family dynamics. c. Recognize that two-income parent households are less stressful. d. Learn how to care for people in their homes.

Provide culturally competent care.

What is the purpose of implementing total quality management (TQM)? a. Provide quality care within an organization. b. Provide cost-efficient care across all age groups. c. Provide necessary care to clients in a cost-effective system. d. Provide efficient systems of primary care.

Provide quality care within an organization.

What is the purpose of adult day health centers? a. Provide support of life until death occurs. b. Provide assistance to people who may need help with activities of daily living (ADLs). c. Provide treatment for those needing rehabilitation. d. Provide respite care relief for caregivers.

Provide respite care relief for caregivers.

A nurse assists a family to obtain food stamps. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this resource? a. Provide support for basic needs. b. Offer insurance for the uninsured. c. Provide health-related services to families. d. Allow nongovernmental agencies to operate more effectively.

Provide support for basic needs.

A nurse records the number of clients seen daily as well as the mode of transportation and miles driven. Which of the following types of records is being used? a. Clinical record b. Provider service record c. Financial record d. Central index system

Provider service record

A nurse uses a key informant interview as part of completing a needs assessment. Which of the following describes the primary advantage of using this tool? a. Low cost. b. Provides a picture of services needed. c. Identifies the perspectives of many persons. d. Indicates the extent of services offered by existing programs.

Provides a picture of services needed.

A nurse is planning care using the case management model. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate when implementing this model of care? a. Providing a client-professional partnership b. Delivering accessible care to medically underserved areas c. Defining the characteristics of a community d. Evaluating the outcomes of rural programs

Providing a client-professional partnership

What is the purpose of developing objectives for a program? a. Giving the speaker-specific topics to cover b. Providing direction for conducting the program c. Providing an enriching experience for participants d. Formulating a mission statement

Providing direction for conducting the program

A nurse uses the leadership behavior of reflecting when providing education to community members about how to lead healthy lifestyles. Which of the following actions is most likely being taken by the nurse? a. Providing feedback on how behavior appears to others b. Introducing new topics to the group c. Verifying information through questions and restatement d. Highlighting important points from the discussion

Providing feedback on how behavior appears to others

A nurse using the integrative model for community health promotion. Which of the following best describes how the nurse would apply the dimension of client system? a. Concentrating on individual health behaviors b. Studying client-centered initiatives c. Providing multidimensional nursing care among various levels of clients d. Focusing on disease-oriented care

Providing multidimensional nursing care among various levels of clients

A nurse is developing a one-stop service to meet the needs of a vulnerable group. Which of the following would the nurse most likely create? a. Wrap-around services where mental services are linked b. Giving all immunizations on a single clinic visit c. Providing multiple services during a single clinic visit d. Providing free services to the medically indigent

Providing multiple services during a single clinic visit

A nurse is working to remove barriers to receiving health care. Which of the following actions is the nurse most likely to support? a. Discrimination against certain groups b. Treatment of pets at the same facility c. Provision of free food at a food bank d. Providing services for a rural population by using a mobile clinic

Providing services for a rural population by using a mobile clinic

Which characteristic is common among all nursing centers? a. Provision of community-based culturally competent care b. Services provided by physicians and health care providers c. Focus on the biological factors contributing to the development of disease d. Fee-for-service reimbursement model

Provision of community-based culturally competent care

The nurse is teaching a new diabetic client how to give himself an insulin injection. Which of the following domains would be used? a. Developmental b. Cognitive c. Affective d. Psychomotor

Psychomotor

A nurse collects data about seat belt usage by interviewing key informants and observing behaviors in the community. Which of the following types of data is being collected? a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. Focus groups d. Participant observation

Qualitative Qualitative data is collected through interviews and observation. This data is the descriptions provided by these individuals through interviews. Quantitative data is the numbers that can be found about the community, such as crime statistics. A focus group is similar to an interview in that it collects data mainly through asking open-ended questions to participants, but to a small group rather than an individual. Participant observation refers to the deliberate sharing in the life of a community, such as participating in a local fair or festival, or attending a political or social event.

Which of the following monitors access to care, the cost of care, and protects the Medicare Trust? a. Professional Review Organizations (PROs) b. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) c. National Health Quality Improvement Act d. Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs)

Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs)

A nurse is planning to evaluate a group's progress toward a health goal. Which of the following components should be included in the evaluative process? a. Type of teaching strategy used b. Recognition of accomplishments in the group c. Conflict that occurred in the group d. The type of leadership in the group

Recognition of accomplishments in the group

A nurse is planning to provide culturally effective care to Mexican migrant farmworkers. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use? a. Learn how to speak Spanish to improve communication. b. Understand that traditional beliefs and practices are more common among the well-educated population. c. Consult the female head of household about health care matters. d. Recognize that cultural backgrounds of the workers will vary depending on their place of origin.

Recognize that cultural backgrounds of the workers will vary depending on their place of origin.

What does the National Prevention Strategy provide? a. Recommendations on what can be done to improve population health b. Assistance in interpreting Healthy People 2020 c. A basis for public health nursing practice d. Health risk appraisal instruments

Recommendations on what can be done to improve population health

A nurse is educating a client about reducing risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer. Which of the following lifestyle changes should the nurse recommend? a. Increase in consumption of dairy products b. Reduction in consumption of processed meats c. Decrease in exposure to the sun d. Increase in sedentary lifestyle

Reduction in consumption of processed meats

A nurse is implementing a primary prevention strategy. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Urine screening for pesticide exposure b. Tuberculosis (TB) skin testing c. Treatment of lead poisoning d. Reduction of pesticide exposure

Reduction of pesticide exposure

What is one performance area where quality improvement (QI) is used to affect process and outcomes of health care? a. Provision of appropriate and effective care b. Elimination of access barriers c. Reduction of unjustified geographic variation in care d. Application of managed care to all citizens

Reduction of unjustified geographic variation in care

A nurse responding to a disaster places the priority on which disaster response? a. Cleaning up the environment b. Handling the stress reaction of the victims c. Bringing in as many aid workers and nurses as possible d. Reestablishing sanitary barriers and focus on basic needs

Reestablishing sanitary barriers and focus on basic needs

A nurse maintains current information about agencies whose services are of potential use to the disabled and directs clients to the resources that can meet their needs. Which of the following roles is being demonstrated? a. Educator b. Caregiver c. Referral agent d. Advocate

Referral agent

A nurse experiencing a stress reaction while working with the survivors of a disaster is likely to experience what problem? a. Making effective decisions to assist with care coordination of the survivors b. Sharing with the supervisor of the disaster the details of the care that was provided c. Crying after returning home at the end of the day d. Refusing to follow orders

Refusing to follow orders

A nurse is implementing a tertiary prevention strategy. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Diabetes screening b. Rehabilitation for musculoskeletal injury c. Birth control d. Pregnancy testing

Rehabilitation for musculoskeletal injury

A nurse is working with an individual who has a low literacy level. Which of the following barriers to learning should the nurse anticipate? a. Asking for additional clarification of materials b. Requesting to read the information later c. Having a high level of anxiety d. Being overly dependent on others

Requesting to read the information later

Resilience refers to what characteristic? a. Resistance of certain groups to risk factors b. Increased susceptibility to cumulative risk factors among vulnerable groups c. Variability in the effects of stressors according to socioeconomic status d. Increased sensitivity of the very young and the very old to risk factors

Resistance of certain groups to risk factors

The nurse is assessing factors that determine or influence whether disease or other unhealthy events will occur. What is the process of assessing for these factors called? a. Risk reduction b. Risk appraisal c. Risk factors d. Life-event risk

Risk appraisal

A nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis at the community level using the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) system as a guide. Which of the following diagnoses would most likely be developed? a. Risk of hypertension related to poor diet and sedentary lifestyle b. Risk of obesity among school-age children related to lack of opportunities to engage in physical activity c. Risk of ineffective health maintenance among individuals who do not have access to a primary care provider d. Ineffective coping related to multiple stressors, as evidenced by client crying and stating she has no support system

Risk of obesity among school-age children related to lack of opportunities to engage in physical activity

A nurse implements the Institute of Medicine's definition of quality health care when providing care. Which of the following describes this care? a. Licensed—all health care workers must have a license. b. Safe—avoiding injuries to patients from the care intended to help them. c. Timely—no waiting or delay for health care. d. Innovative—new innovations must be used when they become available.

Safe—avoiding injuries to patients from the care intended to help them.

What group has the lowest injury death rate? a. Infants b. Toddlers and preschoolers c. School-age children d. Adolescents

School-age children

A community health center conducts blood lead screenings on a regular basis for children under 6 years old. Which of the following best describes the level of prevention that is being used? a. Tertiary prevention b. Primary prevention c. Secondary prevention d. Health education

Secondary prevention

A nurse provides a screening for school-aged children to screen for hearing deficits. Which of the following is being demonstrated by the nurse? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion

Secondary prevention

A nurse uses a behavioral health risk survey and identifies the factors leading to obesity in the family. Which of the following levels of prevention best describes the nurse's action? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Assessment

Secondary prevention

A client has a developmental disability. Which of the following areas would the nurse anticipate limited functioning? a. Dependent living, education, and finances b. Race, gender, and ethnicity c. Care giving, dependence, and limitation d. Self-help, language, and learning

Self-help, language, and learning

The community health nurse is caring for a client who is living in persistent poverty. Which of the following best describes this client? a. Severe mental illness b. Transient homelessness c. Victim of domestic violence d. Temporary housing

Severe mental illness

Which is a feature of public health surveillance? a. Sharing of the results with others b. Defining public health policy c. Evaluating interventions d. Planning national programs

Sharing of the results with others

A nurse is constructing a genogram for a family. Which of the following describes its importance? a. Allows nurses to diagnose disease patterns. b. Brings the family together to do a mutual task. c. Shows family history and patterns of health-related information. d. Provides a visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other subsystems.

Shows family history and patterns of health-related information.

A nurse is polite and non-confrontational when working with the family of a migrant worker. Which of the following concepts is the nurse demonstrating? a. Simpatía b. Respeto c. Dignidad d. Personalismo

Simpatía

What occurred when the Healthy Communities and Cities concept was brought to the United States? a. The cities chosen for the initial work were Los Angeles and New York City. b. Canada adopted the program at the same time for continuity across borders. c. The same strict guidelines that were implemented in Europe were used. d. Smaller communities and localities were targeted instead of large cities.

Smaller communities and localities were targeted instead of large cities. The concept of Healthy Communities was used to incorporate localities that were not necessarily cities. The initial projects were Healthy Cities Indiana and the California Healthy Cities project. Healthy Communities and Cities operate in other parts of the world under different names and national networks have been developed among countries. There are not strict guidelines for implementation of this program.

A nurse working at a nursing center has been asked to develop materials about a health promotion topic that can be used at the center. Which of the following topics would the nurse most likely select? a. Advanced care of the chronically ill elderly at home b. Smoking cessation and weight management techniques c. How to access specialty services d. Providing financial support for nursing students

Smoking cessation and weight management techniques

A nurse is assessing the health risks of a family. Which of the following health risks would the family be most likely to voluntarily assume? a. Newly built power plant b. Smoking cigarettes c. Speeding vehicles near playground d. Industrial pollution

Smoking cigarettes

A nurse is educating the community about modifiable behaviors. Which of the following is the nurse most likely to discuss? a. Smoking, poor diet, and alcohol consumption b. Cancer, emphysema, and cardiovascular disease c. Age and gender d. Genetic abnormalities

Smoking, poor diet, and alcohol consumption

A nurse upholds a client's right to make a choice and to act on the choice. Which of the following best describes the action being taken by the nurse? a. Affirming b. Supporting c. Informing d. Amplifying

Supporting

A nurse is working with a family who is unable to find adequate health care coverage for the children in the family. Which of the following pieces of legislation will assist in provision of health care coverage for these children? a. Social Security Act b. Balanced Budget Act c. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) d. Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Social Security Act

Which federal program created support for older and poor Americans? a. Social Security Act b. Medicare Amendment c. Medicaid Amendment d. Hill-Burton Act

Social Security Act

Which Core Competency of communication is used by nurses engaged in group work? a. Soliciting input from individuals and organizations b. Using simple language when presenting information c. Asking the group to develop the program of interest d. Presenting material to lay audiences

Soliciting input from individuals and organizations

What was the purpose of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) creating the first list of standard case definitions for notifiable diseases? a. Some diseases were underreported, and others were overreported. b. There was no central office to collect data. c. Some people refused to notify officials when diseases were seen. d. No one knew where to report the information that was collected.

Some diseases were underreported, and others were overreported.

A nurse is providing secondary prevention when working with the homeless. Which of the following best describes what is being implemented? a. Employer incentives b. Safe sex education c. Comprehensive case management d. Soup kitchens

Soup kitchens

A nurse collecting morbidity data would refer to which source for applicable information? a. Vital statistics reports b. Birth records c. Death certificates d. Specialized disease registries

Specialized disease registries

A client wears a seat belt whenever riding in an automobile. Which of the following best describes the client's behavior? a. Illness prevention b. Health promotion c. Specific protection d. Health protection

Specific protection

Individuals, families, groups, organizations, policy makers, and staff who are involved in community collaboration are identified by what term? a. Nursing center workers b. Policy makers c. Stakeholders d. Diversity

Stakeholders

A nurse is working with a group of clients diagnosed with diabetes and is teaching a class about avoiding the long-term effects of diabetes. The nurse begins the class by reviewing the basic physiology of diabetes, which was taught the week before. Which of the following principles of effective education is the nurse using? a. Stimulating recall of prior learning b. Gaining attention c. Presenting the material d. Providing learning guidance

Stimulating recall of prior learning

A bioterrorism attack has occurred in the United States. Which program would be used to provide large quantities of medications to the American public? a. Cities Readiness Initiative b. Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) c. Public Health Information Network (PHIN) d. Project BioShield

Strategic National Stockpile (SNS)

A nurse matches client needs, provider strengths and competence, and agency resources. Which of the following types of planning is being used? a. Strategic planning b. Program planning c. Management planning d. Process planning

Strategic planning

Which term addresses the multiple levels of intervention required for bringing about and sustaining change? a. Community collaboration b. Community assessment c. Strategic planning d. Partnership

Strategic planning

A nurse is working in a temporary shelter for victims following a natural disaster. Which condition is the nurse most likely to personally encounter? a. Stress b. Communicable disease c. Depression d. Injuries requiring first aid

Stress

A nurse responding to a human-made disaster is responding to what likely source of the event? a. Structural collapse b. Communicable disease epidemics c. Mud slides d. Floods

Structural collapse

A nurse is working with a vulnerable group experiencing multiple risk factors. Which of the following best describes this group? a. Smokers who use chewing tobacco as well as cigarettes. b. Substance abusers who test positive for HIV. c. Persons with limited access to care because they live in a rural area. d. New mothers needing information about baby and child care.

Substance abusers who test positive for HIV.

Which behavioral risk factor is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States? a. Homicide or suicide b. Motor vehicle accidents c. Chronic disease d. Substance use and abuse

Substance use and abuse

A nurse is implementing the termination phase of a home visit. Which of the following nursing activities is most likely being demonstrated? a. Conducting a physical assessment b. Identifying household members c. Summarizing accomplishments of the visit d. Teaching about health

Summarizing accomplishments of the visit

A nurse surveys a program's participants after completion of a wellness program to determine if the participants have increased their involvement in daily exercise. Which of the following describes the action of the nurse? a. Assessment b. Evaluation c. Formative or process evaluation d. Summative or impact evaluation

Summative or impact evaluation

A nurse is working in a community that is experiencing the honeymoon phase after a disaster. Which of the following is characteristic of this phase? a. First responders work tirelessly to save others. b. Survivors share their stories. c. Medical personnel experience exhaustion. d. Community organizations rebuild the community.

Survivors share their stories.

Which model addresses the structure and processes of using the population-based tools of disease management and critical pathways to offer care for client populations? a. Client-focused b. System-focused c. Social service d. Long-term care

System-focused

A nurse is using the provisions of the Family Medical Leave legislation. Which of the following actions would the nurse take? a. Resigning from employment, but retaining health insurance b. Sharing family information with colleagues c. Providing Medicaid to a family who cannot afford health insurance d. Taking a defined amount of time off of work for family events without fear of job loss

Taking a defined amount of time off of work for family events without fear of job loss

A nurse is discussing internal family coping strategies with a family following a family crisis. Which of the following would the nurse be explaining? a. Asking a distant relative for a loan b. Talking to relatives about stresses and worries c. Attending a local worship service d. Using public assistance to obtain food stamps

Talking to relatives about stresses and worries

A nurse is planning and implementing care for vulnerable populations. Which of the following would be the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Setting up multiple clinics in a wide geographic area b. Advising legal consultants on a variety of issues c. Making laws to protect the homeless d. Teaching vulnerable individuals strategies to promote health

Teaching vulnerable individuals strategies to promote health

Which knowledge domains are used in case management? a. Legal issues, malpractice recognition, and community involvement b. Teaching, counseling, and education skills c. Advocacy, political campaigning, and legislative change d. Grant application, bargaining contracts, and securing funding

Teaching, counseling, and education skills

A nurse refers a client to an assistance program that requires the individual to find a job and/or enroll in job training program. Which program is being used? a. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) b. Medicaid c. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) d. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

A nurse plans to review the home visit with the family. Which of the following phases of the home visit process is most likely occurring? a. Initiation b. In-home c. Termination d. Post-visit

Termination

A nurse works with a group of abused women to enhance their levels of self-esteem. Which of the following levels of prevention is being performed? a. Primary level of prevention b. Secondary level of prevention c. Tertiary level of prevention d. Health promotion

Tertiary level of prevention

A nurse advises a client who has HIV not to donate blood, plasma, or organs. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion

Tertiary prevention

A nurse is developing a community-based exercise program for a group of women who have cardiovascular disease. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Health promotion

Tertiary prevention

An employee who is blind brings a service animal to work. Which of the following legislative acts includes this provision? a. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 b. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 c. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975 d. The Developmental Disabilities Act and Bill of Rights Act of 2000

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

The biomedical model defines health as what? a. An avoidance of illness b. The absence of disease c. The promotion of healthy behaviors d. A protection from illness and disease states

The absence of disease

A person recently returning from overseas is diagnosed with Q fever. Which of the following must occur? a. Reporting must occur on the federal level. b. The case must be reported to the state and local health departments. c. The patient must be isolated immediately. d. The patient's immunization record must be reviewed.

The case must be reported to the state and local health departments.

The nurse is caring for an elderly client who has written advanced medical directives. Which of the following best describes what this means? a. The client has made decisions regarding treatment if incapacitated. b. The client has a living will. c. The client has a Do Not Resuscitate order. d. The client's family has decided on a medical treatment regimen.

The client has made decisions regarding treatment if incapacitated.

A nurse is implementing basic program planning. Which of the following would occur during the formulating stage? a. The client and provider analyze available solutions. b. The best plan for funding is presented to administrators. c. The provider group identifies solutions. d. The client identifies problems.

The client identifies problems.

A nurse is developing a goal for a client who is learning how to care for an ostomy. Which of the following would be most appropriate to develop? a. The client will look at his stoma without disgust each time his ostomy bag comes off. b. The client will be able to independently take care of his ostomy bag within 3 months. c. The client will gather all ostomy supplies correctly each time his ostomy bag needs to be changed. d. The client will successfully describe to the nurse how to care for his ostomy when he is asked.

The client will be able to independently take care of his ostomy bag within 3 months.

A nurse is caring for the community as the client. Which of the following is most likely the focus of the nurse's care? a. Providing care for aggregates living in the community b. The collective good of the population c. The provision of care for families in the home setting d. Providing health education in the community

The collective good of the population The community is considered the client when the nursing focus is on the collective good of the population. Providing education is one way the nurse can care for the community as the client; however, the focus of nursing care is larger in scope than only education. Provision of care for aggregates and families does not address the larger scope of community as client.

A nurse plans on implementing a community-wide influenza immunization program. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider when implementing this program? a. The number of community members who have already received the immunization b. The existence of formal groups in the community c. Public policy that mandates influenza immunization for certain populations d. The community's readiness to participate in the program

The community's readiness to participate in the program

A nurse is assessing a child with chronic health problems and the child's family. Which of the following factors should be considered? a. The ability of the family to pay for expensive equipment b. The degree of impairment to the child's ability to develop c. How often recreational activities will take place d. Special needs "camp" placement for the child in the summer

The degree of impairment to the child's ability to develop

A nurse has recently completed a research study in a nursing center. Based on the historical pattern of research in nursing centers, what would likely have been the focus of this research? a. The development and characteristics of nursing centers b. The effects of nursing models of care in nursing centers c. Client outcomes d. Managed competition in nursing centers

The development and characteristics of nursing centers

Which statement about divorce rates is correct? a. The divorce rate is increasing. b. The divorce rate is decreasing. c. The divorce rate is difficult to measure due to the increase in cohabitation. d. The divorce rate has leveled off and remains relatively constant.

The divorce rate is decreasing.

What characteristic should the nurse expect when working with an established education group? a. The group membership will change from week to week. b. The members all have the same interests. c. They prefer lectures rather than demonstrations. d. The group already has operating methods that have been successful.

The group already has operating methods that have been successful.

Which statement about migrant and seasonal farmworkers is true? a. There are more than 10 million working in the United States. b. The majority are Mexican. c. Most are employed in the Northeastern states. d. Thirty-five percent are undocumented workers.

The majority are Mexican.

A nurse is providing care for a Mexican client who has sustained a farm injury. If a major decision about the client's treatment needs to be made, who would most likely make that decision? a. The male head of the family b. The wife/mother c. The person needing services d. The crew leader

The male head of the family

Which statement is true about the role of nurses in community health? a. The nurse provides direct services to children and their families. b. A major role of community health nurse is the provision of immunizations. c. Children are not the primary focus of community health, since they are often acutely ill. d. Complementary therapies and environmental toxins are often the focus of the health care of children.

The nurse provides direct services to children and their families.

A nursing center is going to be placed in a rural community. Which of the following would have the most power and influence on model development and team composition? a. The rural community b. The community's mayor c. The nursing center's executive d. The center's staff

The rural community

A nurse is presenting information to community members about the potential development of a retail care clinic in the neighborhood. Which of the following information would the nurse include in this presentation? a. These clinics are typically staffed by physicians. b. These clinics are usually located in community centers. c. These clinics focus on providing information related to health promotion. d. These clinics are often owned by for-profit organizations.

These clinics are often owned by for-profit organizations.

Which statement about physically compromised persons who are experiencing poverty is true? a. They are more likely to have access to needed services. b. They are at greater risk for more rapid progression of disease processes. c. Their care is usually better coordinated. d. They require more nursing in-home care than persons not living in poverty.

They are at greater risk for more rapid progression of disease processes.

Which of the following considerations should the nurse make when working with the rural population? a. They are likely to have health insurance. b. They are likely to have access to health care providers. c. They are more concerned about their health status. d. They are likely to experience mobility limitations.

They are likely to experience mobility limitations.

Which statement about disasters is true? a. They can be natural or human-made. b. They can be relieved without assistance. c. There is always injury and death when a disaster occurs. d. The timing of a disaster does not influence the types of injuries that will occur.

They can be natural or human-made.

Compared with urban Americans, which statement is true of rural residents? a. They are more likely to engage in preventive health behavior. b. They are less likely to be exposed to occupational and environmental hazards. c. They have a higher rate of chronic illness. d. They rate their overall health status more favorably.

They have a higher rate of chronic illness.

In comparison with urban adults, which statement is true of rural adults? a. They seek medical care more often. b. They have poorer overall health status. c. They are less likely to identify a usual source of medical care. d. They are usually seen by a specialist rather than a general practitioner.

They have poorer overall health status.

A nurse who had been working in an urban area is now employed in a rural area. Which cohort accounts for an increase in the rural population and thus an increased need for nurses? a. Those under age 18 b. Those over age 50 c. Those who are married d. Those with years of formal education

Those under age 18

A nurse is providing maternal-child care for rural women. The nurse would like to intervene with pregnant women who are at risk for poor health outcomes. Which of the following populations would be the target population for the nurse's care? a. Latinos who live in urban environments b. Caucasians who live in remote areas c. Those who live on or near Indian reservations d. Those who seek health from general practitioners

Those who live on or near Indian reservations

Which of the following is most likely to live in poverty? a. Those who work in high-risk jobs. b. Those who have adequate nutrition. c. Those who effectively manage stress. d. Those who live-in single-family homes.

Those who work in high-risk jobs.

Focus groups are used to determine the method of cleanup for contaminated groundwater in a neighborhood. Which of the following is a disadvantage of this needs assessment tool? a. Technically demanding b. Expensive c. Bias of leaders d. Time consuming

Time consuming

Which is a main disadvantage to home visits? a. Convenience for the client b. Time spent with one client c. Client control of the setting d. Ability to individualize services

Time spent with one client

A student has obtained a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree. Which of the following describes why the student must be licensed as a registered nurse before beginning practice? a. To formally recognize the student as a competent professional b. To define the scope of professional practice c. To control the quality of professional practice d. To establish standards for educational programs

To control the quality of professional practice

A nurse is referring to the federal income guidelines. Which of the following best describes why the nurse is completing this action? a. To determine financial eligibility for government assistance programs b. To calculate statistical occurrences in the community c. To identify those with inadequate resources for basic needs d. To provide guidelines for reform of social programs

To determine financial eligibility for government assistance programs

What is the purpose of performing a cost-accounting study? a. To detect what percentage of cost the clients recover b. To measure how long it takes for clients to see a provider c. To note how many cases are associated with other major risk factors d. To find the actual cost of a program

To find the actual cost of a program

A hospital is using surveillance. Which of the following describes the rationale for this action? a. To protect the public against isolated patients b. To eliminate pathogens from the environment c. To improve quality of care and outcomes d. To decrease the incidence of ventilator-acquired pneumonia

To improve quality of care and outcomes

What is the purpose of writing a community nursing diagnosis? a. To assist with developing the evaluation measures for program planning b. To clearly describe the strengths and weaknesses of the community c. To lead to the outcomes and strategies to address and improve the identified health problem d. To increase the likelihood that the problem will be solved

To lead to the outcomes and strategies to address and improve the identified health problem

A nurse keeps informed and up to date about demographic trends pertaining to families and all types of households. Which of the following best describes why this is important? a. To understand the demographics of the areas they are serving b. To provide safe care to the public c. To predict the needs of families within the community d. To identify households where children may need special attention

To predict the needs of families within the community

Which statement is true about transitions? a. Transitions are stressful events for all families. b. Transitions require coping skills, which must be taught to some families. c. Transitions address the family skills necessary to meet developmental goals. d. Transitions present new situations and demands for families.

Transitions present new situations and demands for families.

What does each state do with the information that it receives about notifiable diseases? a. Utilizes the information for surveillance purposes. b. Reports the information to the local branch of the World Health Organization (WHO). c. Transmits the data electronically, weekly, to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). d. Stores the information for state use only.

Transmits the data electronically, weekly, to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Which statement regarding the effects of homelessness on health is accurate? a. Peripheral vascular disease and hypertension are lessened by this lifestyle. b. The incidence and virulence of infections are decreasing. c. Trauma is a significant cause of death and disability. d. Crowded living conditions result in decreased risk for exposure to infections.

Trauma is a significant cause of death and disability.

A nurse is working to improve the health and wellness of persons with disabilities. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? a. Treat the whole person, not just the disability. b. Focus on the disability and the related illnesses. c. Acknowledge the ability, not the disability. d. Ensure persons with disabilities have access to home health care.

Treat the whole person, not just the disability.

A nurse is trying to provide effective nursing care to poor persons, families, and populations in a variety of settings. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse? a. Move to the area where people are living to understand their plight. b. Understand the concept of poverty on many levels. c. Take a trip abroad to see how poverty exists in other countries. d. Become fully immersed in the concept of poverty for at least a year.

Understand the concept of poverty on many levels.

A nurse is planning to assist homeless clients at a local shelter with finding community resources to meet their health care needs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before interacting with this population? a. Change personal views about homelessness. b. Understand the concepts of homelessness. c. Receive special training about where to locate homeless people. d. Have experience in mental health nursing and counseling.

Understand the concepts of homelessness.

Which statement is true about health care services for migrant workers? a. Clinics are usually found within walking distance from work. b. Undocumented workers fear deportation when using clinics. c. Health care records are kept by workers to allow for continuation of services. d. Clinics are most often open on weekends and keep evening hours.

Undocumented workers fear deportation when using clinics.

A nurse is providing a health education program for the community about prevention of lead poisoning. Which of the following information would the nurse most likely include in the program? a. Universal screening for all children ages 1 and 2 years is recommended. b. Lead poisoning can lead to serious respiratory system complication. c. The most common exposure to lead occurs when children play with imported toys. d. Lead-based paints are found in all homes built before 1987.

Universal screening for all children ages 1 and 2 years is recommended.

A nurse is concerned that there is an overuse of services by clients receiving care from a local physician. Which of the following statements describes what is occurring in this situation? a. Treatment decisions are made conservatively. b. Disability and mortality are being reduced. c. Disparities in quality of care provided are increasing. d. Unnecessary tests, surgeries, and treatments are being ordered.

Unnecessary tests, surgeries, and treatments are being ordered.

Which problem does a health department usually have the legal authority to investigate? a. Pandemics b. Unusual clusters of illness c. World trends of disease d. Cases of the common cold and pneumonia

Unusual clusters of illness

A nurse centers practice around the principle of doing the greatest good for the greatest number. Which of the following ethical principles is being applied? a. Distributive justice b. Utilitarianism c. Social justice d. Health disparities

Utilitarianism Utilitarianism means doing the greatest good for the greatest number. Distributive justice means treating people fairly and distributing resources and burdens equitably among the members of a society. Social justice means ensuring that vulnerable groups are included in the equitable distribution of resources. Health disparities are the inequalities that exist among different populations.

What is implied by the Web of Causation model? a. Variables interact resulting in higher probability of illness. b. One disease causes another, especially in vulnerable populations. c. The greater the poverty, the more likely people are to have diseases. d. Immunizations are necessary because vulnerable populations spread disease.

Variables interact resulting in higher probability of illness.

A nurse is practicing in a rural environment. Which of the following opportunities exist for in the nurse's practice? a. Variety/diversity in clinical experiences b. Slower pace c. Direct collaborative practice opportunities d. Abundant resources

Variety/diversity in clinical experiences

Why do acts of bioterrorism or natural disasters often have more casualties? a. They cause the most widespread destruction. b. Victims have little time to make evacuation preparations. c. Those with chronic conditions cannot escape in time. d. The early warning systems are not effective.

Victims have little time to make evacuation preparations.

Which legislation changed the availability of federal services accessible to certain immigrants to the United States? a. Migrant Health Act of 1962 b. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) c. Welfare reform legislation of 1996 d. Food stamps

Welfare reform legislation of 1996

A client would like to enroll in a smoking cessation program. Which of the following types of nursing centers would be most likely to provide this type of programming? a. Academic Nursing b. Wellness c. Comprehensive Primary Care d. Special Care

Wellness

A nurse is using life care planning when working with a client. What would be the most appropriate time for planning to be used? a. When organizing a timeline of life events b. When documenting client information and requests c. When assessing present and future client needs d. When estimating future costs for medical care

When assessing present and future client needs

Healthy Communities and Cities is based on which of the following premises? a. When people can work out their own locally defined health problems, they will find sustainable solutions to those problems. b. When the health of a community is improved, the focus will be on life expectancy rather than quality of life. c. When health professionals assume a leadership role, the health of the community will improve. d. When cities recruit enough health professionals to care for those needing medical care, the cities health will improve.

When people can work out their own locally defined health problems, they will find sustainable solutions to those problems. Healthy Cities is based on the premise that when people can work out their own locally defined health problems, they will find sustainable solutions to those problems. Healthy Cities aims to add to quality of life. Healthy Cities focuses on collaboration by all members of the community. Healthy Cities uses a multifaceted approach to problem solving when trying to improve health.

A nurse gathers information about the condition of homes, size of lots, neighborhood hangouts, road conditions, and modes of transportation. Which method of data collection is being used? a. Participant observation b. Windshield survey c. Focus group d. Informant interviews

Windshield survey

A bachelor's prepared nurse is providing case management services. Which of the following activities would most likely be provided by this nurse? a. Working with community aggregates b. Working with systems of disease c. Working with individuals d. Working with outcomes management processes

Working with individuals

According to Pender, one factor that motivates individuals to participate in health behaviors is the: a. reduction of health risk by examination of the concepts of family risk related to everyone. b. desire to protect health by using behaviors directed toward decreasing the probability of specific illness or dysfunction. c. use of the Neuman Systems Model to define family health in terms of systems stability. d. realization that health can be defined in many ways and within many cultures.

desire to protect health by using behaviors directed toward decreasing the probability of specific illness or dysfunction.

The process of program management is similar to: a. the nursing process. b. the medical model of care delivery. c. the requirements for licensure as a registered nurse. d. summative and formative evaluation.

the nursing process.