exam 4 complete

What is parthenogenesis?

D. a modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual

Which of the following pairs is mismatched

d. Lamarck - uniformirtarianism

DNA nucleotide similarities between organisms

e. all of these are correct

Organisms

e. all of these are correct

If evolution occurs, we wouldexpect different biogeographical regions with similar environments to

e. both b and c are correct

A functional advantage of having human testes in the scrotum rather than in the abdomen is

D. Lower Temperature

All of the following STDs are bacterial infections EXCEPT

A. Aids

______ were the first vertebrates to live on land and they evolved from ____. A. Amphibians; fish B. Reptiles; amphibians C. Mammals; reptiles D. Amphibians; lancelets

A. Amphibians; fish

Which of the following statements about fertilization is NOT true?

A. Animals usually produce gametes in specialized organs called gemmules

The only one of these phyla with NO terrestrial forms is A. Echinodermata. B. Arthropoda. C. Chordata. D. Mollusca. E. Annelida.

A. Echinodermata.

What is the main sex hormone of the human male?

A. Testosterone

In the human male, the tube used to carry both sperm and urine is the

D. Urethra

Which statement is NOT true about echinoderms? A. The exoskeleton is made of spiny plates. B. Gas exchange occurs through skin gills and tube feet. C. Larvae are free-swimming and bilaterally symmetrical. D. A water vascular system allows the tube feet to produce suction. E. Symmetry is radial in the adult, usually with parts in fives or multiples of five.

A. The exoskeleton is made of spiny plates.

Sea stars and sea urchins operate their tube feet by A. a water vascular system that regulates water pressure. B. cilia transporting hemolymph from chamber to chamber. C. sticky threads leading from the mouth and primitive brain. D. actin and myosin fibers that slide and give muscle actions to the five arms or "rays."

A. a water vascular system that regulates water pressure.

Characteristics of birds include all of the following EXCEPT A. aquatic reproduction. B. endotherms. C. modified reptilian scales as feathers. D. hard-shelled eggs. E. a modified skeleton with a fused collarbone and a keel.

A. aquatic reproduction.

All of the following statements concerning birds are true EXCEPT A. birds have small, relatively under-developed brains. B. some birds do not have the ability to fly. C. birds have acute vision. D. birds use the sun, stars, and the Earth's magnetic field to guide them.

A. birds have small, relatively under-developed brains.

Human tapeworm infections occur by A. eating insufficiently cooked infected pork or beef. B. being bitten by a mosquito. C. ingesting eggs in contaminated water. D. eating freshly peeled fruit. E. All of the choices are correct.

A. eating insufficiently cooked infected pork or beef.

In some chordates, the _______ is (are) replaced by _______. A. pharyngeal pouches; gills B. dorsal hollow nerve cord; a ventral solid nerve cord C. gill arches; pharyngeal pouches D. notochord; a dorsal hollow nerve cord E. a vertebral column; notochord

A. pharyngeal pouches; gills

Which of these is NOT one of the characteristics of a vertebrate? A. radial symmetry B. segmentation C. extreme cephalization D. closed circulation E. coelom

A. radial symmetry

The organism pictured at right is A. radially symmetric. B. bilaterally symmetric. C. asymmetric. D. None of the above are correct.

A. radially symmetric.

Most salamanders practice internal fertilization A. using spermatophores. B. externally in water. C. internally by copulation. D. just like frogs.

A. using spermatophores.

Which phylum contains the vertebrates? A. Arthropoda B. Chordata C. Annelida D. Mollusca E. Porifera

B. Chordata

The lining of the uterus that is discharged during the menstrual phase is the

B. Endomentrium

The egg is propelled down the oviduct by

B. Oviduct cilia and tubular muscle contractions

Milk production is triggered in breats after several days of ___production by the___

B. Prolactin; anterior pituitary

A Male accessory organ that often becomes enlarged, infected or cancerous in older men is the

B. Prostate Gland

Semen is composed of secretions of cells produced in all of the following structures except

B. Vas Deferens

Which of the following is correct in matching the common name with a phylum name? A. planarian - Nematoda B. fluke - Platyhelminthes C. coral - Porifera D. roundworm - Cnidaria E. sponge - Mollusca

B. fluke - Platyhelminthes

The jawed fish and all other vertebrates are gnathostomes, which means they have A. segmentation. B. jaws. C. a notochord that develops into a vertebral column. D. amniotic eggs. E. A and C are correct.

B. jaws.

Which of the following are NOT cnidaria? A. corals B. planaria C. sea anemones D. hydrozoa E. Portuguese man-of-war

B. planaria

Which of these parasites does NOT enter the mouth of its human host and leave as eggs with the human feces? A. tapeworm B. pinworm C. Ascaris D. Wuchereria

D. Wuchereria

A unique species of snail has been discovered in the Negev Desert. At night, these snails use a toothlike rasping organ in their head to scrape up porous limestone; they then digest the algae that lived in the rock pores. This scraping organ is the A. labial palp. B. radula. C. mantle. D. tentacle. E. crop.

B. radula.

The most likely ancestors of the vertebrates are A. arthropods. B. sea squirts. C. annelids. D. molluscs.

B. sea squirts.

Which of the following statement about reproduction is NOT true?

C. Asexual reproduction is most advantageous when the environment is continually changing

When an egg erupts from a follicle, the chamber that remains and secretes hormones is the

C. Corpus Luteum

Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation in females. What is its role in males?

C. It controls production of testosterone

The circulatory pathways of vertebrates are pictured. Differentiate among the pathways and identify the pathway(s) found in amphibians: A. Pathway A B. Pathway B C. Pathway C D. Pathways A and B E. All the Pathways

C. Pathway C

In the human male, sperm cells are produced in the ___ and in females, the egg cells are produced in the ___

C. Seminiferous tubules; ovaries

Predacious meat eaters with large and conical-shaped canines are A. cetaceans. B. chiroptera. C. carnivores. D. proboscidea.

C. carnivores.

The amphibians' common receptacle for the urinary, genital, and digestive canals is the A. vulva. B. glottis. C. cloaca. D. tympanum. E. operculum.

C. cloaca.

Mammals are different from birds in all these characteristics EXCEPT A. hair. B. mammary glands. C. constant body temperature. D. young born alive.

C. constant body temperature.

A person working in a rice paddy in Asia becomes infected with the liver fluke by A. eating infected snails. B. drinking water contaminated with eggs. C. eating infected undercooked or uncooked fish. D. swimming or wading in infected water, where the cercariae enter the skin.

C. eating infected undercooked or uncooked fish.

The major insect body parts are A. head, cephalothorax, and abdomen. B. cephalothorax, midsection, and abdomen. C. head, thorax, and abdomen. D. head, prothorax, and metathorax. E. head, cephalothorax, and genitalia.

C. head, thorax, and abdomen.

Vertebrates without jaws would be the A. rays. B. turtles. C. lampreys. D. eels.

C. lampreys.

Which of the listed organisms are NOT in phylum Mollusca? A. clams B. squids C. lobsters D. nautiluses E. snails

C. lobsters

In ______, the mouth develops at or near the blastopore. A. gastrocoelomates B. blastocoelomates C. protostomes D. deuterostomes E. triploblastics

C. protostomes

The amphibians' unique contribution to the evolution of land vertebrates was A. respiration by gills. B. respiration through the skin. C. separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation. D. development of the tail for propulsion. E. the leathery waterproof egg shell.

C. separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation.

The only animal in which digestion occurs within cells is A. comb jellies. B. flatworms. C. sponges. D. cnidarians.

C. sponges.

Molluscs share a three-part body plan consisting of a A. scolex, proglottids, and an anus. B. corona, stomach, and intestines. C. visceral mass, mantle, and foot. D. eyespots, digestive system, and nervous system.

C. visceral mass, mantle, and foot.

Which of the following associations of reproductive strategies and their descriptions is NOT correct?

D. All the choices are correct

All of the following structures are part of the male reproductive system EXCEPT

D. Fimbriae

Reptiles evolved from ______ ancestors and were abundant by the ________ Period. A. mammals; Carboniferous B. fish; Devonian C. echinoderms; Cambrian D. amphibians; Permian

D. amphibians; Permian

All of the following are characteristics of vertebrates EXCEPT A. internal organs. B. vertebral columns. C. postanal tails. D. exoskeletons. E. skulls.

D. exoskeletons.

Ultimate control of testes development is by the ___which secretes___

D. hypothalamus; gonadotropin-releasing hormone

The organ that exchanges molecules between fetal and maternal blood is the

D. placenta

The following are differences between amphibians and reptiles EXCEPT A. amphibians have smooth non-scaly skin, whereas reptiles are covered with scales and their skin is dry. B. all reptiles respire by the use of lungs, while amphibians use small lungs supplemented by cutaneous respiration C. amphibian eggs are laid in water, but reptiles do not require water for reproduction. D. reptiles are ectothermic, while amphibians are endothermic.

D. reptiles are ectothermic, while amphibians are endothermic.

Sperm mature within the _____ and eggs mature ____

E. Epididymis ; after fertilization within the oviducts

Fertilization in humans normally occurs in the

E. Oviducts

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all animals? A. Animals are heterotrophic by ingestion or absorption. B. Animals produce gametes by meiosis. C. Animals digest their food internally. D. Animals are multicelluar eukaryotes. E. The adult form is diploid in an alternation of generation life cycle.

E. The adult form is diploid in an alternation of generation life cycle.

Amphibians evolved from A. darters. B. sharks. C. bass and bluegill. D. sturgeon and catfish. E. lobe-finned fishes with lungs.

E. lobe-finned fishes with lungs.

Which of these is a bivalve? A. slug B. octopus C. earthworm D. snail E. oyster

E. oyster

All chordates are also vertebrates. True False

False

In humans the pharyngeal pouches of the embryo develop into auditory tubes, tonsils, thymus glands, and the parathyroid glands. True False

True

why was it helpful to darwin to learn that lyell thought the earth was very old

b. It meant that there was enough time for evolution to have occurred slowly

According to the theory of inheritance of acquired chracteristics

b. changes in phenotype are passed on by way of the genotype to the next generation