Exam IV SW 3250

The Multidimensional Family Therapy MDFT) program:

-Is solution focused -Focuses on adolescent use -Strives to provide immediate practical outcomes that affect all aspects of the family's life

Common goals of counseling groups include:

-Learning and improving coping skills -Establishing and maintaining abstinence -Developing healthy relationships

Factors that impact parental chemical dependence on children include:

-Age of the child during the period of active use -Length of time the parent has been actively using -Sex of abusing parent and sex of the child

Treatment programs for addictive families often:

-Compartmentalize individual and family therapy -Do not have clinicians who are trained in family systems theory -Are dictated by the politics and finances of managed care for substance abuse treatment

Group counseling for substance use disorders is most effective when:

-Group members are provided treatment that matches their readiness to change -Group members are provided treatment that includes culturally appropriate interventions -Therapeutic factors are present

Estimates from large national surveys show that about _____ percent of Americans had a severe gambling disorder at some time in their lives.

0.5

Some Asian, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islander immigrants have found success in society, while _____ live at or below the poverty level, struggling to survive

12.5%

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, 2016) indicate that every day people in the United States die in car crashes involving alcohol.

30

The criteria set forth are for gambling disorder requires that the individual exhibit ____ or more) of the measures in a __________ period.

4; 12 month or 1 year

In one study of 80 women enrolled in a treatment program, _____ reported having been raped and _____ reported having been physically assaulted.

74%; 80%

A severe substance use disorder is:

A chronic condition, characterized by relapse, which can often be managed but not cured.

Relapse is now viewed as:

A normal part of the recovery process and as a learning experience for the recovering individual

High-risk situations for clients recovering from substance abuse can be characterized by all but one of the following:

A return to a safe environment

A normal part of the recovery process and as a learning experience for the recovering individual

Abstinence from substance abuse is not enough

Which of the following terms refers to the demands of integrating into and identifying with the dominant culture?

Acculturative stress

The American Indian and Alaskan Native culture believes that _______________ is a hollow activity.

Accumulation of wealth if it cannot be shared with others

According to the Stage model, __________ is the stage in which one modifies behavior, experiences, and the environment to allow recovery from the addiction.

Action

Homeostasis:

Affects family behavior in order to maintain a sense of balance, structure, and stability

Above all other drugs, _______________ is the most common cause of malformation to the embryo or fetus in pregnancy.

Alcohol

According to MTF (Johnston et al., 2015), __________ remains the most commonly used substance by adolescents:

Alcohol

All are examples of counseling groups except:

Alcoholics Anonymous

For those over 18 years of age, the _______________ population experiences nearly three times more average distress than the European American population in their everyday life.

American Indian and Alaskan Native

Which ethnicity has the highest weekly alcohol consumption of any ethnic group?

American Indians and Alaskan Natives

In a therapeutic alliance, the counselor is viewed as:

An ally and advocate

Relapse can be seen as:

An event and a process

Recovery is characterized by all but one of the following

An event in the recovering individual's life

Previously pathological gambling was considered:

An impulsive control disorder

A "what will be, will be" acceptance is most often attributed to the following group:

Asian Americans

Awareness of the social milieu is associated with what group?

Asian Americans

Internet Addiction Disorder is highest in:

Asian countries

Beginning __________, people are at risk of being socially impacted by substance use disorders.

At conception

Immigrant families, especially in Hispanic cultures, tend to develop a family struggle in which younger members struggle for _______________ and the older family members struggle for _______________.

Autonomy; connectedness

Once the intervention has been completed, the person most likely will

Begin individual therapy

Once the intervention has been completed, the person most likely will _______________.

Begin individual therapy

What permits group members to share their experiences of shame and guilt in a safe, accepting environment?

Catharsis

The main goal of cognitive therapy is to:

Change behavior

In Motivational Interviewing, _______________ has been described as a technique in which the individual expresses the benefit for change and the hope that change will come in the future.

Change talk

According the text, what is a major factor in sexual addiction?

Childhood trauma

Motivational Interviewing operates under the assumption that the _____________ possesses the required element for change.

Client

Tailoring treatment to __________ is essential to enhance the effectiveness of group counseling.

Clients' stages of change

Which of the following statements about codependency is not true?

Codependency is defined as anything that is done to protect the abuser from the consequences of his or her behaviors

treatment seeks to help clients counter-condition the effects of substances and identify their cognitions, understand how these thoughts affect their emotions and behaviors, gain insight into the dysfunction of the cognitions, and work to alter their belief systems and thought processes.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT)

Rational recovery is:

Cognitive behaviorally based (1)

Compared with normative data from nonclinical families, the families of substance abusers were significantly different on _______________ but not on _______________.

Cohesion; adaptability

What is a special quality of well-developed groups in which a member experiences being a part of a supportive system?

Cohesiveness

The interrelatedness of the two constructs of __________ forms an important part in defining a behavioral addiction.

Compulsivity and Impulsivity

The presence of __________ is a significant factor to consider when assessing whether an individual is addicted.

Consequences

Which of the following terms best describes the impact of low income, unemployment, under-education, poor housing, prejudice, discrimination, and cultural/linguistic barriers?

Culture of poverty

Learning to _______________ is imperative in recovery.

Deal with stress in a healthy way

Gambling disorder has been shown to be associated with high rates of:Criminal activity

Debt Suicidal ideation and attempts

Research shows all but one of the following as related to relapse:

Depression and anxiety exist before use resumes

Early steps in effective substance abuse prevention programs include needs clarification, assessment, and:

Development of goals and measurable objectives buttressed by consistent evaluation procedures

Regarding parental chemical abuse, the effect of a chemically dependent mother is _____________ that of a substance abusing father.

Different from

"A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities" defines the following term:

Disability

Early prevention efforts in the 1960s and 1970s focused on:

Dissemination of information to potential users Classroom education Scare tactics

A _______________ view of the world is one where it is important to integrate all elements in life, striving for balance.

Diunital

What does the text say is an invaluable as a part of recovery from gambling addiction?

Engaging the family in treatment

The method of MI consists of four overlapping phases:

Engaging, focusing, evoking, and planning

The components of _______________ interact to contribute to a high-risk situation for relapse.

Environmental, intrapersonal, and interpersonal

The __________ is used to identify major risk factor categories to target with prevention efforts..

Epidemiological triangle

The concept of public health developed out of __________ and emphasizes the health of the public as a whole over that of one individual.

Epidemiology

Data on national drug use patterns indicate that _______________ have the highest lifetime use of cigarettes, alcohol, hallucinogens, and stimulants, regardless of age.

European Americans

Having clearly defined goals and objectives is necessary for:

Evaluation of program effectiveness

Which of the following factors help explain the etiology of problem substance use in LGBT individuals?

Families of origin Cultural and legal issues Health issues

Regarding substance abuse by women, compared to men:

Female alcoholics experience severed organic damage at a more rapid rate Women with substance abuse problems are more likely to suffer affective disorders Female alcoholics have a higher mortality risk

Several salient cultural values have been discussed that operate among Asian Americans. The respectful love, obligation, and duty to one's parents is:

Filial piety

The decision to have closed group membership is made in the __________ stage of group development.

Formation

The only non-related substance disorder included in the diagnostic section of the DSM-V is:

Gambling

An example of a harm reduction model would be:

Getting intravenous drug users to exchange their needles for new ones

Individual treatment addresses the issue of _______________ in relation to the attachment from the beginning.

Grief and loss

Evaluating and eventually detaching from substance use can escalate to:

Grief and loss issues that can be compared to death, as described in Kübler-Ross' 1969) grief stages

Which type of group focuses on chronic issues and restructuring personality?

Group psychotherapy

The following strong emotions have been identified as playing an important role in the recovery process:

Guilt and shame

In order to reach the goal of changing behavior in Cognitive Behavior Therapy, the therapist:

Has the substance user vividly recount the traumatic event and then give homework to motivate change in thoughts and feelings

The structure of the family, how the members are classified according to ability and role definition within their cultural perspective is referred to as

Hierarchy

According to LeBeau and colleagues 2013), __________ is the most important compliance measure for treatment to be successful.:

Homework

In most treatment approaches for behavior addiction, individuals are encouraged to:

Identify use patterns Learn how to avoid or cope with triggers and high-risk situations Identify lifestyle changes to reinforce healthy behavior

Steve is open about being gay. He has experienced discrimination in the workplace and social situations. He is committed to becoming actively and openly involved in the gay rights movement. He has recently joined a gay activist group fighting for protective legislation. According to the Cass Model of Homosexual Identity Formation, which of the following stages best describes Steve?

Identity pride

History of divorce is positively associated with _______________ drug use.

Illicit

Criteria for behavior addiction can be organized into the categoryies) of:

Impaired control Pharmacological criteria groupings social impairment and risky use

According to the Institute of Medicine classification, individuals already showing problems as a result of ATOD use are targeted at the:

Indicated level

Effective treatment should include

Individual and group therapy Family therapy and a supportive environment Physical exercise and a healthy nutritional plan

Family situations also increase a child's risk for later drug abuse, when there is

Ineffective parenting A lack of attachment and nurturing by parents and caregivers A caregiver who uses substances

Trust is the central concern of the __________ stage of group development.

Initial orientation and exploration

When the group needs are held above those of the individual, especially in the Asian culture, this is known as

Interdependence

Which of the following is not true about the cognitive-behavioral/social learning model of recovery?

It uses insight theory

Project DARE Drug Abuse Resistance Education) spread rapidly in the 1980's as a joint effort between school districts and police departments and was shown to:

Lack effectiveness when researched

The reason for exclusion of sexual addiction in the DSM-IV and the current DSM-V include:

Lack of consensus on the basic tenets of normal sexual behavior Lack of consensus-based diagnostic criteria Lack of empirical research

In creating sensitive treatment programs for women, helping professionals need to understand women's issues. Which of the following is not one of those issues?

Level of Education

Moderation Management views __________ as success

Moderate Use

Which of the following is not among newer models seen in the 1970s and 1980s, following the knowledge-attitudes-behavior (KAB) approach:

Moderation management

A common perspective among Hispanics who abuse alcohol/drugs is that the individual is:

Morally Weak

People with mental health issues are __________ to use alcohol or drugs.

More likely

Marlatt (1998) purports that _______________ is/are extremely compatible with the harm reduction model.

Motivational interviewing Cognitive-behavioral therapy Solution focus counseling

Which model attempted to present factual information about students' social environments, creating a more realistic picture of social norms as they actually exist and reducing the "everybody does it" belief and pro-drug attitude?

Normative education

Yalom and Leszcz (2005) described __________ as "an unwritten code of behavioral rules . . . that will guide the interaction of the group"

Norms

have the highest suicide rate of any age group.

Older adults

The primary learning principle in social behavior is

Operant conditioning

Some important intrapersonal factors in the recovery process are

Outcome expectancies and craving Self-efficacy and outcome expectancies Motivation toward positive behavior change and toward use of the substance

To determine whether a strategy is effective, __________ should be conducted to evaluate the impact.

Outcome studies

Although many mental health professionals believe in behavioral addictions, others worry that making these behaviors a legitimized disorder will result in:

Pardoning or excusing criminal behavior

Although many mental health professionals believe in behavioral addictions, others worry that making these behaviors a legitimized disorder will result in: None of these

Pardoning or excusing criminal behavior

Treatment programs for children and adolescents should contain all of the following elements EXCEPT:

Parents should not be involved in the youths' drug use treatment as the relationship is usually already troubled.

Generally speaking, if a client is a minority member in a heterogeneous group, the group leader must be sensitive to this and maintain an) __________approach to foster seeing each client as an individual and as the expert on him- or herself.

Person-centered

comprises immediate, situational behavioral/cognitive coping, affective states, and perceived effects of substance use.

Phasic response

Reinforcing feedback to promote change in the system is ___________, and ___________ brings the system back into balance.

Positive feedback, negative feedback

The stages of change model Prochaska, DiClemente, & Norcross, 1992) includes the five stages of:

Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance

Which levels of prevention for particular populations are associated with the public health model?

Primary, secondary, and tertiary

In substance abuse counseling, an intervention is:

Probably the least effective way for an addict to be confronted about their drug use

An effective procedure in harm reduction is setting _______________ goals.

Proximal (Short-term)

All are examples of mutual help groups except:

Psychotherapy

The framework of family therapy/system theory included the following concepts except:

Reductionism

Among African Americans there is a strong reliance on what entity for support and encouragement?

Religious values & the church

It is vital that all participants be fully aware of their ______________before any intervention begins:

Rights and responsibilities

he African American family operates under themes, which aid in overcoming oppressive societal conditions that contribute to cohesiveness. Which of the following is not one of those themes?

Rigid family roles

The mutual assumption of the family as to how members should behave toward each other and the outside world is referred to as

Rules

An explanation of excessive exercise has been that individuals who exercise seek out the reward or euphoria feeling, sometimes known as the __________ hypothesis.

Runner's high

According to the Gorski model of relapse prevention, the following stage is considered the beginning stage of treatment and involves the solving of immediate problems:

Stabilization

Protective factors that may prevent initial and continued use of substances for women include all of the following EXCEPT:

Support from friends

An example of harm reduction strategy may include:

Teach heroin addicts to switch from injecting heroin to smoking it Install interlock devices on the cars of persons arrested for DUI Encourage an alcoholic to drink moderately

Statistics about substance-abusing families show:

That substance use increases other dysfunctional patterns of behavior in families such as domestic violence

Exercise addiction includes:

The components of withdrawal, personal conflict, and relapse The involvement of an inadequate pattern of exercise that leads to significant negative results The components of salience, mood modification and, tolerance

The criteria that must be met to approach success in family includes all of the following EXCEPT:

The family chooses family therapy as the treatment of choice for substance abuse

The first step for individual treatment is:

The individual's mental and emotional readiness for treatment

An essential component is therapy, the relationship between the counselor and client is known as

Therapeutic alliance

The cornerstone of the AA model is the belief that:

To gain control of one's life one must give up control to a higher power

The history of substance abuse among women suggests that addiction among women is closely connected _______________.

To negative socialization With experiences of disempowerment To sanctioned socialization

The _______________ influence how the individual creates and makes sense of his or her world and the role ATOD plays in one's life.

Universal identity Group identity Individual identity

Family therapy is successful if:

Used in conjunction with individual and group therapy over the period of treatment and recovery

are the composite of the rules, roles, boundaries, and subsystems in both the nuclear family and the family of origin

Values

Assisting students in deciding what was important to reaching their goals is known as what?

Values clarification

Individual treatment is most successful when

When new and innovative counseling techniques are used (2) Group and family treatment are incorporated (1)

Experiencing a sense of mutuality or shared identity is associated with the __________ stage of group development.

Working or cohesion and productivity

Recovery affects the individual's:

behavior, affect, relationships

Lack of _______________ can contribute to negative emotions that increase the risk of returning to old behaviors.

joy, inspiration, hope

is defined not only as abstinence from mind-altering chemicals or nonproductive compulsive behaviors but also as changes in physical, psychological, social, familial, and spiritual areas of functioning:

recovery

Under the premise of the disease model, the only "cure" for the disease of alcoholism is:

total abstinence