Exam
Salvo research groups are working on vaccines that will be affective against the aids virus when is successful vaccine is produced it is likely to be injected to produce
Active artificial immunity
The cascade of events in the intrinsic pathway can be set into motion when ———comes into contact with collagen
Factor xll
Rupture of a red blood cell is called hematopoiesis
False
The affinity of adult hemoglobin for oxygen is greater than the affinity of feed her hemoglobin for oxygen
False
The bio concave structure of an erythrocyte is shaped to better accommodate the crystalline structure of hemoglobin
False
The number of a rip those sites in a millimeter sample of blood is the same as a number of leukocytes in a millimeter sample of word
False
Coumadin
Is a potent anticoagulant
Interferons
Is a protein that interferes with virus production an infection
Iron
Is needed to produce hemoglobin
Plasma
Liquid part of blood
Bean shaped lymphatic organs found a long lymphatic vessels are called
Lymph nodes
The globulin s. are important plasma proteins that functions primarily in
Immunity
Immuno deficiency diseases
Inadequate B & T cell formation may occur
Randolph is suffering from severe hepatitis his skin appeared to be jaundice the color change was due to
Increase bilirubin n in his circulatory system
The redness and heat seen in an inflamed area are the result of
Increase blood flow to the area
Which of the following phrases is less likely to be used in describing erythrocytes
Nucleus is centrally located
Mike has blood type a he needs blood however blood type a is not available the next best choice would be blood type
O
When large quantities of blood or lost erythrocytes must be replaced to restore
Oxygen carrying capacity
Which of the following is Miss matched
Pernicious anemia loss of blood from the body
The function of plasmin is to
hydrolyze fibrin.
Which of the following is not a secondary lymphatic Organ
thymus gland
The total blood volume is ———-plasma
55%
How much oxygen is generally transported in combination with hemoglobin and red blood cells
98.5%
What is tissue Thromboplastin
A compound released by damaged tissue that initiates the extrinsic clotting pathway
Red blood cells have anti-genic markers on their surfaces called
Agglutinogens
Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system
Aiding in erythropoiesis of red blood cells.
Once cytotoxic T cells are produced which of the following is consistent with their ability to attack intracellular viruses
All of the choices are correct
Lymph movement is assisted by
All of these choices are correct.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when
AnRH negative woman is carrying a RH positive fetus
In hemolytic disease of the newborn
Antibodies from the mother cross the placenta and affect the fetus
Palitine tonsils
Are located at the junction of the oral cavity and pharynx
Macrophages
Are responsible for most Phagocytic activity in the late stages of an infection
Cytotoxic T cells
Attached to the surface of cells causing them to lyse
Antibodies are produced by
B cells
When defective erythrocytes sites are broken down
Billy Rubin is form from the breakdown of hemoglobin
What ion is necessary for the coagulation process
Calcium
complement proteins
Can't form holes in the plasma membrane of target sells
What type of gene expression occurs when a person has type a blood
Codominance
In the cell mediated immune response T cells secrete which activate additional components of you immune system
Cytokines
The effects of a cell mediated immunity are the result of activities of
Cytotoxic T cells
Which of the following functions is associated with the blood
Delivery of oxygen to tissue cells
Lymph exit a lymph node via the
Efferent lymphatic vessels
Which of the following is not an aging affect of the lymphatic system and immunity
Fluid removal by the lymphatic capillaries is reduced
Which plasma proteins is correctly match to its function
Globin transport and immunity
Antibodies
Have a variable region that binds to a specific antigenic determinant
T sales are divided into two primary groups effector in regulatory which of the following are regulatory T cells
Helper T cells
The smallest leukocytes are the——— and the largest are the——
Lymphocytes. Monocytes
T helper cells s possesses a glycoprotein called CD4... this molecule binds to
MHC class II molecules
Bacteria and debris are actively removed from the lymph by———— in the sinuses of lymph nodes
Macrophages
Antibodies
May initiate inflammation and enhance phagocytosis
Lymphocytes
Migrate to lymphatic tissue
What gas is also carry by a betaglobin that may help regulate blood pressure
Nitric oxide
Which white blood cells function primarily as phagocytosis cells
Neutrophils and monocytes
For a person who is hematocrit is 45% in which show is below are the components of blood correctly write an order of decreasing percent volume
Plasma RBCs and WBCs
Which blood component is not correctly match with its function
Platelets - phagocytize bacteria
When a blood vessel is damaged which of the following events occurred last
Platelets begin to stick to each other and form a plug
tonsils
Provide protection against bacteria entering the oral and nasal cavities
Primary lymphatic Oregon's include the
Red bone marrow and thymus
All of the following describe Waze that blood helps maintain homeostasis except
Secretion of neuropeptides
Which of the following is not a consequence of sickle cell anemia
Sickle-shaped red blood cells are less likely to rupture.
Plasma is ——well formed elements are—-
The liquid portion of blood, the cells
Mr. Smith move from a low altitude to a high altitude and experiencing an increase in RBCs which of the following causes increase
The lower oxygen concentration seen at higher altitudes
Which of the following is true of adaptive immunity
The second response is faster and stronger than the first response.
Agglutination of red blood cells means
They clump together
Hemoglobin
Transport oxygen in the blood
The rate of erythropoiesis when erythropoietin is present is greater than the right of erythropoiesis when erythropoietin is absent
True
A person with type O blood should receive a blood transfusion from a donor with
Type O blood
What structural feature of lymphatic vessels is responsible to for movement of lymph
Valves
The nervous system and certain chemicals can cause the construction of a blood vessel this is known as
Vascular spasm
Erythropoiesis does not require
Vitamin K
What vitamin is necessary to produce many clotting factors in the liver
Vitamin K
What protein forms a bridge between exposed vessel wall collagen and platelets surface receptors
Von willbrand factor
B cells
When activated become plasma cells and produce antibodies
If you receive an immunization for hepatitis B and produce antibodies against the hepatitis B virus you have developed what type of adaptive immunity
active artificial immunity
Which of the following is not a form of hemoglobin found in the developing human
adolescent
MHC class molecules
allow the immune system to respond to antigens inside cells.
LYSOZYME is
an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria
Cells that process antigen and present antigens to other immune cells are called
antigen presenting cells
As a result of opsonization,
antigens are more susceptible to phagocytosis
Histamine and leukotrienes are released from
basophils and mast cells
Lymph nodes are surrounded by a dense connective tissue called
capsule
During the inflammatory response
chemical mediators are released
The movement of leukocytes to the source of certain chemicals is called
chemotaxis
When a person develops a sore throat white blood cells are drawn to the area of infection by a process called
chemotaxis
Fibrinolysis is responsible for
clot dissolution
Which of the following is a stage of hemostasis
coagulation
Which of the following events is one of the three main stages of coagulation
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
Frequently several different signals or molecules are needed in order to produce an immune response by a b cell. or T cell the second signal in this process is called
costimulation
When innate immunity is activated,
each exposure produces the same response.
In a patient experiencing an allergic reaction which of the following immune cells will greatly increase in number
eosinophils
Which of the following formed elements do not have chromosomes
erythrocytes and reticulocytes
Cell mediated immunity would be least effective against
extracellular antigens
The plasma component that forms fibrin the insoluble protein and a blood clot is
fibrinogen
Hemocytoblast stem cells
give rise to all formed elements in the blood.
Circulatory changes that occur In inflammation include
increased vascular permeability
Lymph nodules are
located in the loose connective tissue of the digestive system.
What is the function of thymosin
maturation of T cells
Which of the following is an agranulocyte
monocyte
Macrophages are derived from
monocytes
Neutrophils of the blood are derived from a population of stem cells called
myeloblasts
The process of eliminating those lymphocytes that react or respond against self antigens is called
negative selection
Which type of material is not transported by the blood
neurotransmitters
Transfusing a person with plasma proteins from a person or an animal that has been actively immunized against a specific antigen provides
passive immunity
The hematocrit is
percentage of RB s in a given volume of blood
Which of the following is not a mechanism of complement action
produces cytokines
The lymphatic system plays a role in maintaining fluid balance within the body by
returning interstitial fluid to the plasma
In systemic inflammation pyrogens
stimulate fever production
What may be affected if the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was not made in the body
the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ion
When a person is transfused with the wrong blood type
the erythrocytes agglutinate.
The lymphatic system differs from the cardiovascular system in that
the lymphatic system only carries fluid away from tissues.
Different T-cell receptors can respond to different antigens because of different
variable regions in the structure of the receptors.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of adaptive immunity
you are born with it