Exercise 34

A series of gathered pouches in the large intestine

Haustra

Trace blood from the hepatic portal vein through the liver to the inferior vena cava, listing the structures in order.

Hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, sinusoids, central vein, hepatic vein, inferior vena cava.

Churns food and begins protein digestion

Stomach

Has two sphincters that control elimination of feces from the body

anus

Trace bile from its secretion to the gallbladder for storage and concentration, and then to the duodenum.

bile canaliculi, bile ducts, left and right hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, cystic duct, gallbladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct, hepatopancreatic duct.

Region of the stomach where the lower esophageal sphincter meets the stomach

cardia

permanent deep ridges in the small intestine mucosa

circular folds

Section of small intestine that receives bile, pancreatic secretion, and food from the stomach

duodenum

keeps food and fluids from going up into nasopharynx

epiglottis

Its only function is propulsion

esophagus

peritoneal fold that hold the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

falciform ligament

stores and secrets bile into the duodenum

gallbladder

Fatty, large fold of peritoneum covering the transverse colon and small intestine

greater omentum

Area between the lips and teeth

gums

bony plat between the mouth and nose

hard palate

sphincter that connects the small and large intestine

ileocecal sphincter

Has recgions called the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.

large intestine

Has regions called ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid.

large intestine

peritoneal membrane that attaches the stomach and duodenum to the liver

lesser omentum

produces and secretes bile into ducts

liver

peritoneal membrane that holds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

mesentary

forms a brush border ; extension of epithelial cells

microvilli

Receives secretions from salivary glands; mastication occurs here.

mouth

Layer consisting of a membrane that lines a body cavity that opens to the exterior; overlays smooth muscle

mucosa

The layer that contracts to churn food or move food along

muscularis

Secretes enzymes that digest carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids

pancreas

the secretions of this gland join with the bile to enter the duodenum

pancreas

serous membrane that lines the abdominal wall

parietal peritoneum

largest salivary glands whose ducts open by the upper second molars

parotid glands

Conducts both air and food

pharynx

sphincter valve between the stomach and duodenum

pyloric sphincter

Narrowed region of the stomach before the small intestine

pylorus

Folds in the gastrin mucosa

rugae

fluid that begins digestion of carbohydrates

saliva

a serous membrane that is the external layer of a GI tract organ

serosa

Primary site of nutrient absorption; is composed of 3 sections

small intestine,

has regions called the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus

stomach

Salivary glands located under the tongue with ducts that open in the floor of mouth

sublingual

Salivary glands whose ducts open lateral to the lingual frenulum

submandibular

Areolar connective tissue layer located deep to the mucosa

submucosa

mechanically breaks down food during mastication

teeth

Manipulates food in mastication

tongue

Finger-like extentions increasing surface area in the small intestine

villi

serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs

viseral peritoneum

A continuous digestive tube from the mouth to the anus

Alimentary canal