FA Davis Ch26 Asthma

Which type of medication is used to maintain daily control of asthma? Anti-inflammatories Anticholinergics Bronchodilators Vasodilators

1

Which topics should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan of a client newly diagnosed with asthma? Select all that apply. Pursed-lip breathing Possible triggers Signs and symptoms Using the incentive spirometer Using a peak flow meter

1 2 3 5

When providing patient teaching for asthma, what should the nurse identify as risk factors for future exacerbations? Select all that apply. 1. Secondhand smoke 2. Long, hot showers 3. Pollen 4. Stress 5. Pet dander

1 3 4 5

The nurse admits a client with an acute asthma attack. What assessment findings are anticipated? Select all that apply. 1. Wheezing 2. Decreased pulse rate 3. No use of accessory muscles of respiration 4. Increased anxiety 5. Inability to speak in full sentences

1 4 5

Which assessment findings would the nurse anticipate in a client diagnosed with asthma? Select all that apply. 1. Wheezing 2. Alveolar collapse 3. Bronchospasm 4. Bronchial edema 5. Dilated airways

1, 3, 4

A client has diminished breath sounds after receiving an albuterol nebulizer treatment for asthma. What are the nurse's priority actions? Select all that apply. 1. Obtain a 12-lead ECG. 2. Request a beta blocker. 3. Document the finding. 4. Notify the healthcare provider. 5. Provide mechanical ventilation, if ordered.

4 5

A client, newly diagnosed with asthma, has recovered from an acute attack. The nurse analyzes possible triggers in the environment. Which triggers could have caused the exacerbation? Select all that apply. Client walking in hallway two times today Gift basket in room containing boxed food items Fellow staff nurse in hallway wearing perfume Flower arrangement on client's bedside table Visitor who smells of cigarette smoke

3 4 5

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with asthma who has not responded to repeated, frequent doses of bronchodilators. The client also reports chest tightness, wheezing, dry cough, shortness of breath, and severe respiratory distress. What condition could this client be experiencing? 1. Cystic fibrosis 2. Heart failure 3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 4. Status asthmaticus

4

During an acute asthma attack, the nurse should expect which finding? 1. Increased peak flow reading 2. Increased incentive spirometer reading 3. Client able to breathe comfortably 4. Wheezing on auscultation

4

The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with asthma enters the hospital room as the client begins experiencing chest tightness, audible wheezing, and pulse oximetry reading of 90% on room air. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering first? 1. Oral anti-inflammatory 2. Inhaled anticholinergic 3. Oral antihistamine 4. Inhaled bronchodilator

4

The practitioner orders diagnostic testing to measure oxygenation of the blood, acid-base balance, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide after administration of oxygen. Which nursing action is appropriate?

ABG Arterial blood gas (ABG) monitoring is an invasive sampling of arterial blood to measure oxygenation of the blood, acid-base balance, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide. ABGs identify the patient's response to oxygen and ventilation therapy and medications.

The patient reports chest tightness, wheezing, dry cough, and shortness of breath. You note severe respiratory distress. Clinical manifestations are unresponsive to typical rescue treatment.

Status asthmaticus Status asthmaticus is an acute exacerbation of asthma that is unresponsive to typical rescue treatment with bronchodilators even after repeated, frequent doses. Symptoms can vary from mild to severe, including bronchospasm, inflammation, and excessive mucous production with mucus plugging. Patients report chest tightness, wheezing, dry cough, shortness of breath, and severe respiratory distress.

Kyra presents with wheezing, tachypnea, dyspnea, and an inability to complete a sentence. Current oxygen saturation (SaO2) is 88%. Which therapy should you initiate for this patient?

oxygen therapy

The patient is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid to treat her asthma. You prepare patient teaching material based on the practitioner's prescription for maintenance medication.

anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatories, typically inhaled corticosteroids, reduce mucous production and swelling. This makes the airways less sensitive and less likely to react to asthma triggers. Long-term control medications are used daily to maintain control of the asthma, even when a patient is not experiencing symptoms.

You are teaching the patient the medication that should be administered during an acute asthma attack.

bronchodilators Bronchodilators such as B2-adrenergic agonists relax the bronchial smooth muscle helping to open the airway, decreasing obstruction. Anticholinergics are another group of bronchodilators that relax the muscles around the larger airways or bronchi.

The patient has a change of status. You notify the practitioner that she is experiencing respiratory failure and will require mechanical ventilation.

decreased wheezing If a patient's wheezing decreases and she has barely audible or no breath sounds, this indicates respiratory failure, a medical emergency. Contact a physician immediately as the patient may require mechanical ventilation.

You advise the patient to avoid wood-burning stoves, fireplaces, aerosol sprays, and strong perfume.

fumes Fumes are often a trigger for a patient who is diagnosed with asthma. Once a patient's irritant is identified, it is important for the patient to avoid it if at all possible. Other common triggers for an asthma exacerbation include environmental smoke, air pollution, and elevated altitudes.