Fall 2023 Management & OB (MGMT-301-05)

Which one of the following characteristics reflects surface-level diversity? A. Ethnicity B. Values C. Differences in values D. Personality

A

________ leadership is the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future for an organization that improves on the present. A. Visionary B. Transactional C. Trait D. Charismatic

A

________ measures the strength of a person's convictions. A. Ego strength B. Moral development C. Social desirability D. Locus of control

A

________ results in a solution that is considered "good enough." A. Satisficing B. Linear thinking C. Intuition D. Escalating

A

A manager who wishes to be successful in international business should avoid a(n) ________ attitude. A. geocentric B. ethnocentric C. multiracial D. multicultural

B

A problem can best be described as ________. A. something bad that has happened B. a difference between current conditions and some desired state C. a loss of something of value D. a change from the past

B

________ have titles such as executive vice president, chief operating officer, and chief executive officer. A. First-line managers B. Top managers C. Supervisors D. Middle managers

B

rganizational change is any alteration of ________. A. technology, goals, or management B. people, structure, or technology C. rules, procedures, or management D. structure, management, or goals

B

A ________ selection device indicates that the device measures the same thing consistently. A. reliable B. subjective C. valid D. potent

C

After seeing Tom's paycheck, Bob decided their inputs were nearly identical but Tom's check was much larger. Bob decided to take action to make things fairer in his mind. He is most likely to ________. A. find another person to compare checks with B. increase the quantity of his production C. reduce his effort at work D. focus on the quality of his production

C

Which one of the following acts changed the statute of limitations on pay discrimination to 180 days from each pay check? A. Equal Pay Act B. Family Medical Leave Act C. Civil Rights Act, Title VII D. Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

D

Which one of the following describes the leadership style in which the leader generally gives the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way it sees fit? A. facilitative style B. democratic style C. delegative style D. laissez-faire style

D

Which one of the following would make Mary realize that the company where she works has a strong culture? A. Upper management sends contradictory messages about what is important. B. Values are limited to the top management. C. Shared values and behaviors are not connected. D. Most employees are aware of company history.

D

________ as a source of recruitment is limited to entry-level positions. A. Professional recruiting organizations B. The Internet C. Employee referrals D. College recruiting

D

________ corrects the problem at once to get performance back on track. A. Disciplinary action B. Verbal feedback C. Basic corrective action D. Immediate corrective action

D

Joe's Hardware bought Moe's hardware on the other side of town. This is an example of ________. A. backward integration B. forward integration C. horizontal integration D. lateral integration

C

Judging a person on the basis of one's perception of a group to which he or she belongs is known as ________. A. integration B. prejudice C. stereotyping D. assimilation

C

Fred's Donuts is installing new equipment in its bakery. Many employees feel they will not be able to operate it. Which one of the following courses of actions is best for Fred to use to overcome this employee resistance? A. Educate employees and communicate with them B. Threaten the employees who resist the change C. Present distorted facts to the employees D. Terminate employees who resist the change

A

If top managers make key decisions with little input from below, then the organization is ________. A. more centralized B. more decentralized C. less formalized D. less mechanistic

A

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which one of the following is a hygiene factor? A. recognition B. responsibility C. working conditions D. advancement

A

All candidates for entry level engineering positions are given the mechanical aptitude test. Those who scored well and were hired later earned high scores on their performance evaluations. Those who scored less well and were hired earned lower scores on performance evaluations. This indicates that the test is ________. A. valid B. unreliable C. invalid D. reliable

A

Andrew has been tracking how many positions he has to fill, and how many times he fills the same position. He is concerned that so many people are leaving his organization. Andrew is concerned about ________. A. turnover B. employee attitudes C. absenteeism D. productivity

A

Bettina likes to know the end from the beginning. She gathers as much information as possible before making a decision. Bettina likely lives in a culture with high ________. A. uncertainty avoidance B. power distance C. future orientation D. performance orientation

A

Differences arising from which one of the following factors becomes more important to people over time as they get to know each other? A. Personality B. Gender C. Race D. Ethnicity

A

In a familiar children's book, a little locomotive was asked to pull a heavy train up a steep mountain. The "little engine," as he was called, kept telling himself "I think I can. I think I can." The little engine was ________. A. high in self-efficacy B. low in risk avoidance C. low in commitment D. high in need for affiliation

A

In stable and simple environments, ________. A. mechanistic designs are most effective B. organic designs are most effective C. low formalization is necessary D. decentralization is necessary

A

In working with his employees, Carlos involves them in decision making and encourages them to participate in deciding their work methods and goals. Carlos's leadership style can best be described as ________. A. democratic B. laissez-faire C. participative D. autocratic

A

It is very difficult to ruffle Doreen's feathers. She has been called a rock, steadfast, slow to anger, calm in the middle of the storm. Doreen is high in ________. A. emotional stability B. conscientiousness C. sensing D. thinking

A

Jack emphasizes to his people that the work must be done, regardless of circumstances, and encourages his employees to meet their sales quotas. He is generally liked, but because sales are unstructured, sometimes his employees resent his rather heavy-handed approach. Fiedler's contingency model would classify Jack as ________ oriented. A. task B. organization C. relationship D. employee

A

John is offered an attractive incentive to steal sensitive information about his company's wealthy investment customers. Which of the following statements best reflects John's thoughts if he is at the principled level of moral development? A. By stealing from another person, I will be in violation of the moral standards I've come to expect of myself. B. If my involvement is detected, my friends and family would be humiliated by my actions. C. My job is to protect the information that this company deals in and I should not be violating my duties. D. If I am convicted for this crime, I will surely be imprisoned and will probably never be employed anywhere else.

A

People say she will be late for her own funeral. It doesn't matter whether it's a team meeting or a meeting with her son's teacher, Malinda will be late. According to theory, Malinda's behavior shows ________. A. low distinctiveness B. high consensus C. low consensus D. high distinctiveness

A

Samanex Corporation maintains production facilities in 13 different countries on three continents. Each facility is managed by a native of the country where it is located. This practice is indicative of a(n) ________ attitude. A. polycentric B. ethnocentric C. multicentric D. geocentric

A

The company announced it would be laying off several workers because of the loss of several large orders. Employees wondered how the workers to be laid off would be selected. They were concerned with ________. A. procedural justice B. need for achievement C. equity D. distributive justice

A

The type of conflicts that support group goals and improve performance are called ________ conflicts. A. functional B. dysfunctional C. natural D. planned

A

What period in American history lead to changes in how employees are managed? A. The Industrial Revolution B. The Colonial Settlement C. The Reconstruction Era D. The Progressive Era

A

When managers make decisions that are rational but limited by their ability to process the information, they are following the concept of ________. A. bounded rationality B. intuitive decision making C. escalation of commitment D. cognitive decision making

A

Which of the following is a characteristic of an organic organization? A. narrow span of controls B. rigid departmentalization C. high specialization D. cross-functional teams

A

Bryan must select a new supplier for lighting fixtures. He has decided quality is more important than price but price is more important than delivery times. Bryan will use these priorities to ________. A. develop alternatives B. allocate weights to the criteria C. set his decision criteria D. analyze alternatives

B

Changes in work processes, methods, and equipment are a part of ________ changes. A. structural component B. technological C. structural design D. financial

B

In the United States a company that meets, but does not exceed, federal pollution control standards and does not discriminate in hiring, promotion, and pay is generally meeting its ________. A.social responsibility B.social obligation C. social screening requirements D. green management requirements

B

Jill has tried hard to build a good rapport with her employees and knows each of their families. She encourages her employees to work hard, but to be certain to take time out for themselves and their families. Fiedler's contingency model would classify Jill as ________ oriented. A. relationship B. task C. production D. consideration

B

One of Calvin's employees is having problems with a production machine so Calvin helps him troubleshoot the problem. Calvin is using his ________ skills. A. negotiator B. technical C. conceptual D. interpersonal

B

Only speaking one language is one sign that a nation suffers from ________. A. ethnocentrism B. parochialism C. polycentrism D. geocentrism

B

Social obligation is the obligation of a business to meet its ________. A. economic and social responsibilities B. economic and legal responsibilities C. social and legal responsibilities D. social and economic responsibilities

C

The CEO is meeting with his top managers to determine how best to compete successfully in the company's market. This group is developing the company's ________. A. strengths and weaknesses B. opportunities and threats C. strategy D. competitive advantage

C

The first step in the control process is ________. A. comparing performance against expectations B. setting the desired standards C. measuring actual performance D. enforcing managerial control

C

The ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one another is known as ________. A. work culture B. business etiquette C. workplace diversity D. organizational democracy

C

Today, the basic management functions include ________. A. planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling B. planning, organizing, directing, and controlling C. planning, organizing, leading, and controlling D. planning, organizing, commanding, and coordinating

C

Transnational organizations are also known as ________. A. multidomestic organizations B. polycentric organizations C. ethnocentric organizations D. borderless organizations

C

Well-written goals are ________. A. just out of reach B. written in terms of actions rather than outcomes C. clear as to a time frame D. easily achieved

C

When PETA supporters protested Avon products because of its use of animals in the testing of its cosmetics, Avon changed its practices and stopped testing on animals. In this situation, Avon exercised ________. A. social obligation B. classical responsibility C. social responsiveness D. social engineering

C

When data is analyzed and processed, it becomes ________. A. fact B. a system C. information D. a structure

C

When problems are ________, managers must rely on ________ in order to develop unique solutions. A. structured; nonprogrammed decision making B. unstructured; programmed decision making C. unstructured; nonprogrammed decision making D. structured; pure intuition

C

Which of the following are the two dimensions of environmental uncertainty? A. Degree of complexity and degree of impact B. Degree of impact and degree of timing C. Degree of change and degree of complexity D. Degree of change and degree of volume

C

Which of the following is an example of a formal group? A. a group of employees attending a colleague's wedding B. people who assemble in the company library to read C. a functional department in an organization D. a group of employees who meet after work to play basketball

C

Which of the following, if true, represents a demographic change that will affect decisions future managers make? A. More jobs will be performed by robots. B. The unemployment rate is likely to continue to fall. C. The percentage of Hispanics in the candidate pool will increase. D. More job candidates are likely to have tattoos and body piercings.

C

Which one of the following is a disadvantage of having a strong organizational culture? A. low loyalty towards the organization B. high employee turnover C. inability to respond to changing conditions D.decreased organizational performance

C

A ________ states the minimum qualifications that a person must possess to successfully perform a given job. A. job analysis B. job preview C. job description D. job specification

D

A study of the external environment allows a manager to understand the ________ and ________ for the organization. A. threats; weaknesses B. strengths; weaknesses C. strengths; opportunities D. opportunities; threats

D

A(n) ________ organization is highly formalized and centralized. A. learning B. complex C. organic D. mechanistic

D

As the international operations of their firm continues to grow, Theodore and James have realized that decentralized management using foreign nationals to run operations in the host countries works best. Their firm has developed into a ________ organization. A. borderless B. global C. transnational D. multidomestic

D

Business had been humming along just fine until the Great Recession hit. Benton Industries adjusted by laying off employees until the recession ended then hired them back. Then it was back to business as usual. This is an example of the ________ metaphor. A. white-water rapids B. falling water C. shallow water D. calm waters

D

First-line managers are typically those who ________. A. are at the top of the organizational chart B. perform the same work as the people they manage but earn more money C. are the first persons new hires meet D. are typically involved with producing the organization's products or providing its service

D

Goal-setting theory assumes that an individual is committed to the goal. Commitment is most likely when ________. A. goals are not made public B. the individual has low self-efficacy C. goals are assigned and not self-set D. the individual has an internal locus of control

D

Goals are different from plans because ________. A. goals identify specific steps that the organization needs to achieve, and plans identify the overall mission of the organization B. goals describe financial objectives, and plans describe objectives related to social responsibility C. goals are important only for small companies, and plans are important only for large companies D. goals are desired outcomes, and plans describe how those outcomes will be accomplished

D

If everyone who's faced with a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say the behavior shows ________. A. reliability B. consistency C. internal attribution D. consensus

D

In comparison to large groups, small groups ________. A. are better at obtaining diverse input B. have shorter group tenure C. have longer norming processes D. are faster at completing tasks

D

Jill has tried hard to build a good rapport with her employees and knows each of their families. She encourages her employees to work hard, but to be certain to take time out for themselves and their families. Fiedler's contingency model would classify Jill as ________ oriented. A. consideration B. production C. task D. relationship

D

Matthew is worried that he will not be able to pay his mortgage and feed his family since he was laid off from his production job. Which one of Maslow's levels of need is a concern to Matthew? A. self-actualization B. esteem C. physiological D. psychological

D

One general conclusion that surfaces from leadership research is that ________. A. women usually make better transactional leaders than men B. national culture is one situational variable which in reality has a limited impact on leadership style C. managers always make good team leaders D. effective leaders do not use any single style

D

Statco, Inc., has struggled to meet projected revenues for each of the past ten quarters. The firm hired Mark Adams to design a control system and offer suggestions to improve the firm's performance. Which one of the following is a key activity that the proposed control system should perform? A. organizational planning B. corporate governance C. organizational structuring D. performance measurement

D

The ________ component of an organization's external environment is concerned with trends in population characteristics such as age, race, gender, education level, geographic location, income, and family composition. A. sociocultural B. political C. economic D. demographic

D

The combined external and internal analyses are called ________. A. competitor analysis B. industry analysis C. market analysis D. SWOT analysis

D

The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization is the employee's ________. A. organizational citizenship B. job satisfaction C. job involvement D. organizational commitment

D

The rest of the world sees problems; Martin sees opportunity. He made money in real estate and lost it when the recession hit. But soon he found another way to earn a living and has become wealthy again. Martin is high in ________. A. self-esteem B. positive psychological capital C. Machiavellianism D. resilience

D

The three components that make up an attitude are ________ components. A. emotional, creative, and environmental B. active, behavioral, and adjustable C. intentional, reactive, and adjustable D. cognitive, affective, and behavioral

D

Tim is a candidate for an automotive mechanic's position. He is asked to deconstruct and reconstruct part of an engine motor to demonstrate his skill. This is an example of a(n) ________. A. psychometric test B. intelligence test C. aptitude test D. performance-simulation test

D

Using your intuition in decision making ________. A. generally results in poor decisions and hence managers should learn to ignore their gut feelings B. complements rational decision making but not bounded rational decision making C. is the systematic use of the best available evidence to improve decision making practice D. is the process of making decisions based on experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment

D

Which of the following is a condition that will facilitate a cultural change? A. The organization has a long existence. B. The organization has a strong culture. C. A stable leadership exists. D. A dramatic crisis occurs.

D

Which one of the following is an example of a material artifact or symbol? A. All new students participate in a ceremony when they are pinned with a univeristy lapel pin. B. Every student can identity the main library on campus. C. Students are well aware of the story of the university's founding. D. All schools and colleges have nicknames.

NOT A

Top executives are mainly involved in ________ planning. A. departmental B. strategic C. operational D. functional

B

A manager's analysis of the external environment can be improved by ________, which involves screening information to detect emerging trends. A. environmental activism B. environmental scanning C. social screening D. critical path analysis

B

After the SWOT analysis is complete, managers are ready to ________. A. review the analysis B. formulate strategies C. begin production D. identify competitors

B

An organization is in the process of goal setting. It has finished reviewing the organization's mission. What should it do next? A. review results and whether goals are being met B. evaluate available resources C. write down the goals and communicate them to all who need to know D. determine the goals individually or with input from others

B

Bella Vista Clothing targets teenage girls with a range of affordable ready-to-wear clothing. The company is opening two new outlets, as sales have been excellent. Which one of the following represents a strength for the company? A. Disposable income is rising and consumers will have more money to spend on clothes. B. The company's in-house designers have a knack for identifying and popularizing fashion trends. C. A long-time competitor recently went out of business and Bella Vista can cut down on its advertising budget. D. Bella Vista's suppliers increased their prices.

B

Paul Abdul Oil Corporation (PAOC) began as a relatively small oil company. As PAOC has grown, the company has gained a highly trained group of managers and analysts at the corporate headquarters. This group is highly adaptive in its structure. Members of this group do not have standardized jobs, but are empowered to handle diverse job activities and problems. PAOC seems to have a(n) ________ structure. A. mechanistic B. organic C. functional D. divisional

B

The Advancement Project receives donations from the sales of Ben & Jerry's ice cream flavor, Justice Remix'd. This one example of Ben & Jerry's engaging in ____________. A. Social obligation B. Social responsibility C. Social screening D. Values-based management

B

The acceptable standards or expectations that are shared by a group's members are referred to as ________. A. morals B. norms C. criteria D. affiliations

B

The appropriate order for the three-step calm waters change process is ________. A. changing, unfreezing and refreezing B. unfreezing, changing and refreezing C. unfreezing, refreezing and changing D. there is no absolute order

B

The launch went off without a hitch but the space capsule directed toward Neptune has veered off course. NASA sends signals to change the direction of flight to get it back on track. NASA is using ________ control. A. preventive B. concurrent C. feedback D. feedforward

B

The process of dividing work activities into separate job tasks is known as ________. A. span of control B. work specialization C. differentiation D. organizational design

B

When decision makers seek out information that reaffirms their past choices and discount information that contradicts past judgments, they are exhibiting the ________ bias. A. hindsight B. confirmation C. representation D, availability

B

Which of the following is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization? A. cross-functional teams B. clear chain of command C. free flow of information D. wide spans of control

B

Which of the following most accurately reflects the symbolic view of management? A. Managers have to ensure that every obstacle is overcome on the way to achieving the organization's goals. B. External forces are responsible for an organization's success or failure. C. Managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure. D. Employees are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure.

B

Which one of the following is the best indicator of an organization's real goals? A. Stock valuation B. Organizational members' actions C. Annual reports D. Mission statement

B

Which one of the following sources provides information which is comprehensive, formal, and easy to file and retrieve? A. personal observations B. online reports C. oral reports D. written reports

B

Which one of the following stages in group development involves defining the group's structure and leadership? A. performing B. forming C. norming d. storming

B

Who is the father of Scientific Management? A. women are more likely than men to be promoted into management B. Frederick Winslow Taylor C. most organizations have eliminated the title of manager D. women tend to be more effective supervisors than men

B

Work teams composed of individuals from various functional specialties are known as ________ teams. A. cross-training B. cross-functional C. cross-department D. cross-control

B

________ defined as the basic convictions about right and wrong decisions and behavior. A. Beliefs are B. Values are C. Principles are D. Ethics is

B

________ has been described as the shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organization members act. A. Industrial psychology B. Organization culture C. Business configuration D. Corporate hierarchy

B

After watching a behavior in a social learning situation, a person can demonstrate learning by performing the behavior. This is known as learning by ________. A. operant conditioning B. retention C. motor reproduction D. reinforcement

C

Angela has found it rather hard to move up in her managerial career at her workplace especially when compared to how fellow Tri-Valley graduate, Adam Watson, has managed to become the regional manager of sales in the company. This suggests the presence of ________ in Angela's organization. A. stereotyping B. a self-serving bias C. a glass ceiling D. goldbricking

C

Application forms ________. A. include personality and interest forms B. are not used for managerial positions C. are most useful for gathering information D. use actual job behaviors

C

Bill Sanderson, a manager in a manufacturing firm in New York has a tendency to view the world only through his U.S.-based perspective. What can be deduced about his attitude? A. He has an elitist attitude. B. He has a polycentric attitude. C. He has a parochialistic attitude. D. He has a geocentric attitude.

C

Diversity training programs work better when they ________. A. are used primarily for new hires and not current employees B. are combined with punishments for noncompliance C. are reinforced by top management commitment to diversity D. occur every five or six years to reinforce beliefs

C

Ferrari sells very expensive, stylish, high-quality cars to very wealthy people. Ferrari follows a ________ strategy. A. differentiation B. functional C. focus D. quality

C

Garrett looked at the list of orders for the coming week and made out the production schedule. He has done this so many times he could do it in his sleep. This situation represents a(n) ________. A. programmed problem B. unstructured problem C. structured problem D. linear problem

C

Hendricks Ceramics sells items it buys from ceramic factories. If it were to purchase one of these factories, it would be engaging in ________ integration. A. concentrated B. horizontal C. backward vertical D. forward vertical

C

Her instincts told her the group was heading in a very wrong direction but Natalie didn't want to cause a scene by disagreeing, especially when she was apparently the only one with reservations. Natalie has succumbed to ________. A. group norms B. social loafing C. groupthink D. groupshift

C

Herzberg called the factors that create job dissatisfaction ________ factors; when these factors are adequate, people won't be dissatisfied, but they won't be satisfied either. A. dissatisfiers B. intrinsic C. hygiene D. motivating

C

In ________ integration, the organization becomes its own supplier so it can control its inputs. A. forward vertical B. horizontal C. backward vertical D. concentrated

C

In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called ________. A. change masters B. change champions C. change agents D. change generators

C

Individuals have the tendency to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. Which one of the following concepts relates most closely to this behavior? A. nonconformity B. role conflict C. social loafing D. role ambiguity

C

Managers who consider the impact of their organization on the natural environment are said to be practicing ________. A. socially responsible management B. ethics-based management C. green management D. value-based management

C

Part of Jose's company's business plan involves setting up a foreign subsidiary. This arrangement involves ________. A. Jose's company giving the foreign company the right to use its brand name B. making products domestically and selling them abroad C. directly investing in opening a factory in a foreign country D. minimum global investment

C

Roberta has been asked to complete a questionnaire about her job duties and the qualifications she believes a candidate for her position should have. Roberta is participating in a ________. A. job review B. employee survey C. position evaluation D. job analysis

C

Which one of the following is true about Herzberg's two-factor theory? A. According to Herzberg, removing dissatisfying characteristics from a job will invariably make that job more satisfying and motivating. B. To motivate people, Herzberg suggested emphasizing the hygiene factors of a job. C. Satisfaction is not the opposite of dissatisfaction. D. Herzberg believed that the factors that lead to job satisfaction were the same as those that lead to job dissatisfaction.

C

Which one of the following is true of the impact of formal planning on organizational performance? A. Companies can start seeing the impact of formal planning on performance about a year after starting the planning process. B. The amount of planning done is more important to high performance than the quality of planning and implementation. C. Formal planning is associated with positive financial results. D. Organizations that formally plan underperform those that don't plan.

C

Which one of the following sources of information for measuring performance is time consuming, obtrusive, and subject to personal biases? A. oral reports B. statistical reports C. personal observations D. written reports

C