fin ch. 5
What is the implied assumption about interest rates when the equation to calculate the present value (PV) of perpetuity is used?
Answer: The equation for computation of present value of perpetuity assumes that the interest rates are the same for every maturity on the yield curve.
The opportunity cost of capital is the best available expected return offered in the market on an investment of comparable risk and term to the cash flow being discounted.
Answer: TRUE
When you borrow money, the interest rate on the borrowed money is the price you pay to be able to convert your future loan payments into money today.
Answer: TRUE
What is the general relationship between the absolute values of APR and EAR for an investment?
Answer: The APR of a project will either equal its EAR or be smaller than EAR. The APR will equal EAR with annual compounding for all other compounding intervals the APR will be smaller than EAR.
What is the implied assumption about interest rates when using the built-in functions of a financial calculator to calculate the present value (PV) of an annuity?
Answer: The built-in functions for present value of ordinary annuity in a financial calculator assume that interest rates are the same for every maturity on the yield curve.
Quality adjustments to changes in the CPI most often result in reductions to the inflation rate calculated from it.
Answer: TRUE
A small business repairs its store. The builders charge them $130,000 which will be paid back in monthly installments over three years at 6.80% APR. The builders will reduce this rate to 6.30% APR if they pay $2600 up front. By approximately how much will this reduce the monthly loan repayments? A) $109 B) $218 C) $164 D) $55
A) $109
A Xerox DocuColor photocopier costing $44,000 is paid off in 60 monthly installments at 6.90% APR. After three years the company wishes to sell the photocopier. What is the minimum price for which they can sell the copier so that they can cover the cost of the balance remaining on the loan? A) $19,433 B) $15,546 C) $23,319 D) $27,206
A) $19,433
A small foundry agrees to pay $220,000 two years from now to a supplier for a given amount of coking coal. The foundry plans to deposit a fixed amount in a bank account every three months, starting three months from now, so that at the end of two years the account holds $220,000 . If the account pays 12.5% APR compounded monthly, how much must be deposited every three months? A) $24,602 B) $27,063 C) $29,523 D) $31,983
A) $24,602
The present value (PV) of receiving $1100 per year with certainty at the end of the next three years is closest to ________. A) $3010 B) $2408 C) $3612 D) $4214
A) $3010
Liam had an extension built onto his home. He financed it for 48 months with a loan at 5.00% APR. His monthly payments were $770 . How much was the loan amount for this extension? A) $33,436 B) $40,123 C) $46,810 D) $53,497
A) $33,436
What is the present value (PV) of an investment that pays $100,000 every year for four years if the interest rate is 5% APR, compounded quarterly? A) $353,818 B) $389,200 C) $424,581 D) $459,963
A) $353,818
A bank lends some money to a business. The business will pay the bank a single payment of $176,000 in ten yearsʹ time. How much greater is the present value (PV) of this payment if the interest rate is 9% rather than 8%? A) $7178 B) $5742 C) $8613 D) $10,049
A) $7178
26) In 2009, U.S. Treasury yielded 0.1%, while inflation was 2.7%. What was the real rate in 2009? A) -2.6% B) 2.6% C) -2.8% D) 2.8%
A) -2.6%
11) A construction company takes a loan of $1,531,000 to cover the cost of a new grader. If the interest rate is 6.75% APR, and payments are made monthly for five years, what percentage of the outstanding principal does the company pay in interest each month? A) 0.56% B) 5.63% C) 0.51% D) 0.61% E) 0.66%
A) 0.56%
A homeowner has a $227,000 home with a 20-year mortgage, paid monthly at 6.60% APR. After five years he receives $50,000 as an inheritance. If he pays this $50,000 toward his mortgage along with his regular payment, by approximately how many years will it reduce the amount of time it takes him to pay off his mortgage? A) 5.5 years B) 8.6 years C) 10.2 years D) 12.8 years
A) 5.5 years
Consider the following investment alternatives: Investment APR Compounding A 6.3830 % Annual B 6.2116 % Daily C 6.2834 % Quarterly D 6.2744 % Monthly The lowest effective rate of return you could earn on any of these investments is closest to ________. A) 6.3830 % B) 6.4080 % C) 6.4330 % D) 6.4580 %
A) 6.3830 %
What is the real interest rate given a nominal rate of 8.9% and an inflation rate of 1.9%? A) 6.9% B) 8.2% C) 9.6% D) 11.0%
A) 6.9%
The effective annual rate (EAR) for a loan with a stated APR of 8% compounded monthly is closest to ________. A) 8.30% B) 9.13% C) 9.96% D) 10.79%
A) 8.30%
The real interest rate is the rate of growth of oneʹs purchasing power due to money invested.
Answer: FALSE
The term ʺopportunityʺ in opportunity cost of capital comes from the fact that any worthwhile opportunity for investment will have a cost: the risk to the capital invested.
Answer: FALSE
Consider the following investment alternatives: Investment APR Compounding A 6.9030 % Annual B 6.6992 % Daily C 6.7787 % Quarterly D 6.7643 % Monthly Which alternative offers you the lowest effective rate of return? A) Investment A B) Investment B C) Investment C D) Investment D
A) Investment A
The table above shows the rate of return (APR) for four investment alternatives. Which offers the highest EAR? Investment: A B C D Rate of Return: 6.0% 5.9% 5.8% 5.7% Compounding Yearly Semiannually Monthly Weekly A) Investment A B) Investment B C) Investment C D) Investment D
A) Investment A
5) What is the effective annual rate (EAR)? A) It is the interest rate that would earn the same interest with annual compounding. B) It is the ratio of the number of the annual percentage rate to the number of compounding periods per year. C) It is the interest rate for an n-year time interval, where n may be more than one year or less than or equal to one year (a fraction). D) It refers to the cash flows from an investment over a one-year period divided by the number of times that interest is compounded during the year.
A) It is the interest rate that would earn the same interest with annual compounding.
In an effort to maintain price stability, it is expected that the European Central Bank will raise interest rates in the future. Which of the following is the most likely effect of such an action on short-term and long-term interest rates in Europe? A) Long-term interest rates will tend to be higher than short-term interest rates. B) Long-term interest rates will be about the same as short-term interest rates. C) Both long- and short-term interest rates would be expected to fall sharply. D) No relative change in short and long term interest rates could be predicted.
A) Long-term interest rates will tend to be higher than short-term interest rates.
Why, in general, do investment opportunities offer a rate greater than that offered by U.S. Treasury securities for the same horizon? A) Most investment opportunities bear far greater risk than those offered by U.S. Treasury securities. B) The return from U.S. Treasury securities generally attracts less tax than the returns from other investments. C) The opportunity cost of capital for a given horizon is generally based on U.S. Treasury securities with that same horizon. D) U.S. Treasury securities are generally considered to be the best alternative to most investments.
A) Most investment opportunities bear far greater risk than those offered by U.S. Treasury securities.
Given the above term structure of interest rates, which of the following is most likely in the future? Option I. Interest rates will fall. Option II. Economic growth will slow. Option III. Long-term rates will rise relative to short term rates. A) Option I only B) Option II only C) Option III only D) Options I and II
A) Option I only
Which of the following situations would result in lowering of interest rates by the banking authority of a country? A) The economy is slowing down. B) Inflation is rising rapidly. C) The level of investment is quite high. D) The rate of savings is quite low.
A) The economy is slowing down.
Assume your current mortgage payment is $900 per month. If you begin to pay $1,000 per month (with the extra $100 per month going to principal), which of the following will be TRUE? A) The mortgage balance will decrease faster with $1,000 monthly payment compared to $900 monthly payments. B) The total amount paid (principal and interest) will increase with $1,000 monthly payment compared to $900 monthly payments. C) The total interest expense will increase with $1,000 monthly payment compared to $900 monthly payments. D) The total principal paid will decrease with $1,000 monthly payment compared to $900 monthly payments.
A) The mortgage balance will decrease faster with $1,000 monthly payment compared to $900 monthly payments.
When computing a present value, which of the following is TRUE? A) You should adjust the discount rate to match the interval between cash flows. B) You should adjust the future value to match the present value. C) You should adjust the time period to match the present value. D) You should adjust the cash flows to match the time period of the discount rate.
A) You should adjust the discount rate to match the interval between cash flows.
When there are large numbers of people looking to save their money and there is little demand for loans, one would expect interest rates to be high.
Answer: FALSE
What is the net present value (NPV) of an investment that costs $2,500 and pays $1,000 at the end of one, three, and five years?
Answer: NPV = -$2,500 + $1,000 / (1.05)1 + $1,000 / (1.046)3 + $1,000 / (1.045)5 = $128.62
Which of the following best describes the annual percentage rate? A) the quoted interest rate which, considered with the compounding period, gives the effective interest rate B) the effective annual rate, after compounding is taken into account C) the discount rate, when compounded more than once a year or less than once a year D) the discount rate, when effective annual rate is divided by the number of times it is compounded in a year
A) the quoted interest rate which, considered with the compounding period, gives the effective interest rate
Market forces determine interest rates based ultimately on the willingness of individuals, banks, and firms to borrow, save, and lend.
Answer: TRUE
Everything else remaining same, under what situation will APR and EAR be equal?
Answer: An APR will equal EAR only with annual compounding assuming everything else remains same.
For a free-risk investment, the opportunity cost of capital will generally be more than the interest rate offered by U.S. Treasury securities with a similar term.
Answer: FALSE
Joe borrows $100,000 and agrees to repay the principal, plus 7% APR interest compounded monthly, at the end of three years. Joe has taken out an amortizing loan.
Answer: FALSE
The annual percentage rate indicates the amount of interest, including the effect of any compounding.
Answer: FALSE
Can the nominal interest rate ever be negative? Can the real interest rate ever be negative? Explain.
Answer: The nominal interest rate can never be negative since by just holding your money you are earning a 0% return (no negative) on your money. The real rate, however, can be negative anytime that the inflation rate exceeds the nominal rate.
How do we decide on opportunity cost when we have several opportunities that need to be foregone?
Answer: We rank all the foregone opportunities, and opportunity cost is the second best opportunity that we forego. Thus we select the best opportunity and rank all the alternative opportunities and use the cost of the second best opportunity as opportunity cost.
Is it possible to analyze cash flows that occur in time intervals that are not exactly equal to a year?
Answer: Yes, in real world cash flows may be between any intervals. They may be shorter than a year or longer than a year. Additional care needs to be taken in both cases. For cash flows that have an interval longer than one year, one should be careful to show the years with zero cash flows. Alternately, for those with shorter than a year, one should be careful about modifying the interest rate to match the time interval.
A home buyer buys a house for $2,155,000 . She pays 20% cash, and takes a fixed-rate mortgage for ten years at 7.70% APR. If she makes semi-monthly payments, which of the following is closest to each of her payment? A) $11,342.47 B) $10,311.34 C) $12,373.61 D) $8249.07
B) $10,311.34
Two years ago you purchased a new SUV. You financed your SUV for 60 months (with payments made at the end of the month) with a loan at 6.15% APR. Your monthly payments are $388.05 and you have just made your 24th monthly payment on your SUV. Assuming that you have made all of the first 24 payments on time, then the outstanding principal balance on your SUV loan is closest to ________. A) $14,000 B) $12,727 C) $15,273 D) $17,818
B) $12,727
You are purchasing a new home and need to borrow $260,000 from a mortgage lender. The mortgage lender quotes you a rate of 6.80% APR for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. The mortgage lender also tells you that if you are willing to pay two points, they can offer you a lower rate of 6.50% APR for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. One point is equal to 1% of the loan value. So if you take the lower rate and pay the points, you will need to borrow an additional $5200 to cover points you are paying the lender. Assuming you pay the points and borrow from the mortgage lender at 6.50%, then your monthly mortgage payment (with payments made at the end of the month) will be closest to ________. A) $1844 B) $1676 C) $2011 D) $2347
B) $1676
Two years ago you purchased a new SUV. You financed your SUV for 60 months (with payments made at the end of the month) with a loan at 5.95% APR. Your monthly payments are $386.19 and you have just made your 24th monthly payment on your SUV. The amount of your original loan is closest to ________. A) $22,000 B) $20,000 C) $24,000 D) $28,000
B) $20,000
Your firm needs to invest in a new delivery truck. The life expectancy of the delivery truck is five years. You can purchase a new delivery truck for an upfront cost of $240,000 , or you can lease a truck from the manufacturer for five years for a monthly lease payment of $4800 (paid at the end of each month). Your firm can borrow at 7.80% APR with quarterly compounding. The present value (PV) of the lease payments for the delivery truck is closest to ________. A) $190,506 B) $238,132 C) $285,758 D) $333,385
B) $238,132
You are considering purchasing a new automobile with the upfront cost of $25,000 or leasing it from the dealer for a period of 60 months. The dealer offers you 4.00% APR financing for 60 months (with payments made at the end of the month). Assuming you finance the entire $25,000 through the dealer, your monthly payments will be closest to ________. A) $368 B) $460 C) $552 D) $645
B) $460
Joseph buys a Hummer for $59,000 , financing it with a five-year 7.60% APR loan paid monthly. He decides to pay an extra $50 per month in addition to his monthly payments. Approximately how long will he take to pay off the loan under these conditions? A) 59.57 months B) 57.07 months C) 54.57 months D) 60.57 months
B) 57.07 months
Elinore is asked to invest $5100 in a friendʹs business with the promise that the friend will repay $5610 in one year. Elinore finds her best alternative to this investment, with similar risk, is one that will pay her $5508 in one year. U.S. securities of similar term offer a rate of return of 7%. What is the opportunity cost of capital in this case? A) 7% B) 8% C) 9% D) 10%
B) 8%
If the current inflation rate is 2.0%, then the nominal rate necessary for you to earn a(n) 7.3% real interest rate on your investment is closest to ________. A) 11.3% B) 9.4% C) 13.2% D) 15.1%
B) 9.4%
Which of the following is/are TRUE? I. The EAR can never exceed the APR. II. The APR can never exceed the EAR. III. The APR and EAR can never be equal. A) Only I is true. B) Only II is true. C) Only II & III are true. D) Only I & III are true.
B) Only II is true.
Five years ago you took out a 30-year mortgage with an APR of 6.5% for $200,000. If you were to refinance the mortgage today for 20 years at an APR of 4.25%, how much would your monthly payment change by? A) The monthly payment will increase by $104.79. B) The monthly payment will decrease by $104.79 C) The monthly payment will increase by $343.12. D) The monthly payment will decrease by $343.12.
B) The monthly payment will decrease by $104.79
Which of the following accounts has the highest EAR? A) one that pays 5.4% every six months B) one that pays 1.0% per month C) one that pays 9.6% per year D) one that pays 2.4% every three months
B) one that pays 1.0% per month
What, typically, is used to calculate the opportunity cost of capital on a risk-free investment? A) the best expected return offered in any investment available in the market B) the interest rate on U.S. Treasury securities with the same term C) the interest rate of any investments alternatives that are available D) the best rate of return offered by U.S. Treasury securities
B) the interest rate on U.S. Treasury securities with the same term
The yield curve is typically ________. A) downward sloping B) upward sloping C) flat D) inverted
B) upward sloping
The table above shows the interest rates available from investing in risk-free U.S. Treasury securities with different investment terms. What is the present value (PV) of cash flows from an investment that yields $6000 at the end of each year for the next four years? A) $18,111 B) $27,167 C) $31,695 D) $22,639
D) $22,639
13) In which of the following situations would it not be appropriate to use the following formula: PV = C0 + C1/(1 + r) + C2/(1 + r)2 + . . . . + Cn/(1 + r)n when determining the present value (PV) of a cash flow stream? A) when yield curves are flat B) when short-term and long-term interest rates vary widely C) when the inflation rate is high D) when the discount rate is high
B) when short-term and long-term interest rates vary widely
A $50,000 new car loan is taken out with the terms 12% APR for 48 months. How much are monthly payments on this loan? A) $1448.36 B) $1580.03 C) $1316.69 D) $1711.70
C) $1316.69
Howard is saving for a holiday. He deposits a fixed amount every month in a bank account with an EAR of 14.7%. If this account pays interest every month then how much should he save from each monthly paycheck in order to have $14,000 in the account in four yearsʹ time? A) $176 B) $308 C) $220 D) $352
C) $220
You are purchasing a new home and need to borrow $380,000 from a mortgage lender. The mortgage lender quotes you a rate of 5.75% APR for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. The mortgage lender also tells you that if you are willing to pay two points, they can offer you a lower rate of 5.45% APR for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. One point is equal to 1% of the loan value. So if you take the lower rate and pay the points, you will need to borrow an additional $7600 to cover points you are paying the lender. Assuming you do not pay the points and borrow from the mortgage lender at 5.75%, then your monthly mortgage payment (with payments made at the end of the month) will be closest to ________. A) $2439 B) $2661 C) $2218 D) $3105
C) $2218
21) Corey buys 10 Tufflift 4-post, 4.5-ton car hoists for his parking garage at a total cost of $432,000 . He finances this with a five-year loan at 7.80% APR with monthly payments. After he has made the first 20 payments, how much is the outstanding principal balance on his loan? A) $244,965 B) $428,689 C) $306,206 D) $612,412
C) $306,206
A truck costing $111,000 is paid off in monthly installments over four years with 8.10% APR. After three years the owner wishes to sell the truck. What is the closest amount from the following list that he needs to pay on his loan before he can sell the truck? A) $24,956 B) $37,434 C) $31,195 D) $43,673
C) $31,195
Drew receives an inheritance that pays him $54,000 every three months for the next two years. Which of the following is closest to the present value (PV) of this inheritance if the interest rate is 8.9% (EAR)? A) $314,366 B) $471,549 C) $392,957 D) $432,000
C) $392,957
You are considering purchasing a new automobile with the upfront cost of $26,000 or leasing it from the dealer for a period of 48 months. The dealer offers you 2.80% APR financing for 48 months (with payments made at the end of the month). Assuming you finance the entire $26,000 through the dealer, your monthly payments will be closest to ________. A) $459 B) $688 C) $573 D) $802
C) $573
An investor buys a property for $608,000 with a 25-year mortgage and monthly payments at 8.10% APR. After 18 months the investor resells the property for $667,525 . How much cash will the investor have from the sale, once the mortgage is paid off? A) $57,216 B) $100,129 C) $71,521 D) $143,041
C) $71,521
A homeowner has five years of monthly payments of $1400 before she has paid off her house. If the interest rate is 6% APR, what is the remaining balance on her loan? A) $57,933 B) $86,899 C) $72,416 D) $101,382
C) $72,416
Your firm needs to invest in a new delivery truck. The life expectancy of the delivery truck is five years. You can purchase a new delivery truck for an upfront cost of $300,000 , or you can lease a truck from the manufacturer for five years for a monthly lease payment of $6000 (paid at the end of each month). Your firm can borrow at 8.00% APR with quarterly compounding. The monthly discount rate that you should use to evaluate the truck lease is closest to ________. A) 0.5298 % B) 0.7947 % C) 0.6623 % D) 0.6667 %
C) 0.6623 %
A pottery factory purchases a continuous belt conveyor kiln for $68,000 . A 6.3% APR loan with monthly payments is taken out to purchase the kiln. If the monthly payments are $765.22 , over what term is this loan being paid? A) 8 years B) 9 years C) 10 years D) 11 years
C) 10 years
A 10% APR with quarterly compounding is equivalent to an EAR of ________. A) 10.00% B) 10.47% C) 10.38% D) 9.81%
C) 10.38%
The effective annual rate (EAR) for a loan with a stated APR of 11% compounded quarterly is closest to ________. A) 12.61% B) 13.75% C) 11.46% D) 14.90%
C) 11.46%
The effective annual rate (EAR) for a savings account with a stated APR of 5% compounded daily is closest to ________. A) 5.64% B) 6.15% C) 5.13% D) 6.66%
C) 5.13%
Consider the following investment alternatives: Investment APR Compounding A 6.0860 % Annual B 5.9320 % Daily C 5.9997 % Quarterly D 5.9936 % Monthly The highest effective rate of return you could earn on any of these investments is closest to ________. A) 6.0860 % B) 6.1110 % C) 6.1610 % D) 6.1360 %
C) 6.1610 %
A bank pays interest semiannually with an EAR of 13%. What is the periodic interest rate applicable semiannually ? A) 5.04% B) 7.56% C) 6.30% D) 12.60%
C) 6.30%
A bank offers a loan that will requires you to pay 7% interest compounded monthly . Which of the following is closest to the EAR charged by the bank? A) 5.78% B) 8.68% C) 7.23% D) 14.46%
C) 7.23%
A house costs $148,000 . It is to be paid off in exactly ten years, with monthly payments of $1737.54 . What is the APR of this loan? A) 6.25% B) 5.25% C) 7.25% D) 8.25%
C) 7.25%
Inflation is calculated as the rate of change in the _______. A) unemployment rate B) Gross Domestic Product C) Consumer Price Index D) risk-free rate
C) Consumer Price Index
Given that the inflation rate in 2006 was about 3.24%, while a short-term municipal bond offered a rate of 2.9%, which of the following statements is correct? A) The purchasing power of investors in these bonds grew over the course of the year. B) The real interest rate for investors in these bonds was greater than the rate of inflation. C) Investors in these bonds were able to buy less at the end of the year than they could have purchased at the start of the year. D) The nominal interest rate offered by these bonds gave the true increase in purchasing power that resulted from investing in these bonds.
C) Investors in these bonds were able to buy less at the end of the year than they could have purchased at the start of the year.
An animator needs a laptop for audio/video editing, and notices that he can pay $2600 for a Dell XPS laptop, or lease from the manufacturer for monthly payments of $75 each for four years. The designer can borrow at an interest rate of 14% APR compounded monthly. What is the cost of leasing the laptop over buying it outright? A) Leasing costs $116 more than buying. B) Leasing costs $174 more than buying. C) Leasing costs $145 more than buying. D) Leasing costs $289 more than buying.
C) Leasing costs $145 more than buying
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The actual return kept by an investor will depend on how the interest is taxed. B) The equivalent after-tax interest rate is r(1 - τ). C) The highest interest rate for a given horizon is the rate paid on U.S. Treasury securities. D) It is important to use a discount rate that matches both the horizon and the risk of the cash flows.
C) The highest interest rate for a given horizon is the rate paid on U.S. Treasury securities.
A(n) 12% APR with monthly compounding is closest to ________. A) an EAR of 10.14% B) an EAR of 15.22% C) an EAR of 12.68% D) an EAR of 25.36%
C) an EAR of 12.68%
What is the shape of the yield curve and what expectations are investors likely to have about future interest rates? A) inverted; higher B) normal; higher C) inverted; lower D) normal; lower
C) inverted; lower
A bank offers an account with an APR of 5.8% and an EAR of 5.88%. How does the bank compound interest for this account? A) weekly compounding B) monthly compounding C) semiannual compounding D) annual compounding
C) semiannual compounding
Five years ago you took out a 30-year mortgage with an APR of 6.20% for $206,000 . If you were to refinance the mortgage today for 20 years at an APR of 3.95%, how much would you save in total interest expense? A) $200,503 B) $150,377 C) $50,126 D) $100,251
D) $100,251
A $52,000 loan is taken out on a boat with the terms 3% APR for 36 months. How much are the monthly payments on this loan? A) $1663.45 B) $1814.67 C) $1965.89 D) $1512.22
D) $1512.22
The table above shows the interest rates available from investing in risk-free U.S. Treasury securities with different investment terms. If an investment offers a risk-free cash flow of $100,000 in two yearsʹ time, what is the present value (PV) of that cash flow? A) $76,518 B) $114,777 C) $133,906 D) $95,647
D) $95,647
The net present value (NPV) of an investment that costs $4320 and pays $1600 certain at the end of one, three, and five years is closest to ________. A) $91.37 B) $137.05 C) $114.21 D) -$114.21
D) -$114.21
In 2007, interest rates were about 4.5% and inflation was about 2.8%. What was the real interest rate in 2007? A) 1.58% B) 1.61% C) 1.62% D) 1.65%
D) 1.65%
A 12% APR with bi-monthly compounding is equivalent to an EAR of ________. A) 11.98% B) 12.50% C) 12.00% D) 12.62%
D) 12.62%
Michael has a credit card debt of $75,000 that has a 12% APR, compounded monthly. The minimum monthly payment only requires him to pay the interest on his debt. He receives an offer for a credit card with an APR of 4% compounded monthly. If he rolls over his debt onto this card and makes the same monthly payment as before, how long will it take him to pay off his credit card debt? A) 112 months B) 113 months C) 120 months D) 122 months
D) 122 months
Consider an investment that pays $1900 certain at the end of each of the next four years. If the investment costs $6650 and has a net present value (NPV) of $142.31 , then the four year risk-free interest rate is closest to ________. A) 4.01% B) 3.51% C) 5.01% D) 4.51%
D) 4.51%
If the current inflation rate is 3.6% and you have an investment opportunity that pays 10.9%, then the real rate of interest on your investment is closest to ________. A) 8.5% B) 9.9% C) 11.3% D) 7.0%
D) 7.0%
5) Ursula wants to buy a $19,000 used car. She has savings of $2,000 plus an $800 trade-in. She wants her monthly payments to be about $282 . Which of the following loans offers monthly payments closest to $282 ? A) 7.8% APR for 36 months B) 7.8% APR for 48 months C) 7.8% APR for 60 months D) 7.8% APR for 72 months
D) 7.8% APR for 72 months
Your firm needs to invest in a new delivery truck. The life expectancy of the delivery truck is five years. You can purchase a new delivery truck for an upfront cost of $350,000 , or you can lease a truck from the manufacturer for five years for a monthly lease payment of $7000 (paid at the end of each month). Your firm can borrow at 9.00% APR with quarterly compounding. The effective annual rate on your firmʹs borrowings is closest to ________. A) 9.00% B) 7.45% C) 11.17% D) 9.31%
D) 9.31%
Emma runs a small factory that needs a vacuum oven for brazing small fittings. She can purchase the model she needs for $180,000 up front, or she can lease it for five years for $4,200 per month. She can borrow at 7% APR, compounded monthly. Assuming that the oven will be used for five years, should she purchase the oven or should she lease it? A) Lease, since the present value (PV) of the lease is $12,224 less than the cost of the oven. B) Lease, since the present value (PV) of the lease is $8,642 less than the cost of the oven. C) Lease, since the present value (PV) of the lease is $2,212 less than the cost of the oven. D) Buy, since the present value (PV) of the lease is $32,108 more than the cost of the oven.
D) Buy, since the present value (PV) of the lease is $32,108 more than the cost of the oven.
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The opportunity cost of capital is the best available expected return offered in the market on an investment of comparable risk and term of the cash flows being discounted. B) Interest rates we observe in the market will vary based on quoting conventions, the term of investment, and risk. C) The opportunity cost of capital is the return the investor forgoes when the investor takes on a new investment. D) For a risk-free project, the opportunity cost of capital will typically be greater than the interest rate of U.S. Treasury securities with a similar term.
D) For a risk-free project, the opportunity cost of capital will typically be greater than the interest rate of U.S. Treasury securities with a similar term.
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The interest rates that banks offer on investments or charge on loans depend on the horizon of the investment or loan. B) The Federal Reserve determines very short-term interest rates through its influence on the federal funds rate. C) The interest rates that are quoted by banks and other financial institutions are nominal interest rates. D) Fundamentally, interest rates are determined by the Federal Reserve.
D) Fundamentally, interest rates are determined by the Federal Reserve.
Consider the following investment alternatives: Investment APR Compounding A 6.2200 % Annual B 6.0583 % Daily C 6.1277 % Quarterly D 6.1204 % Monthly Which alternative offers you the highest effective rate of return? A) Investment A B) Investment B C) Investment C D) Investment D
D) Investment D
When the costs of an investment come before that investmentʹs benefits, what will be the effect of a rise in interest rates on the attractiveness of that investment to potential investors? A) It will make it more attractive, since it will increase the investmentʹs net present value (NPV). B) It will make it more attractive, since it will decrease the investmentʹs net present value (NPV). C) It will make it less attractive, since it will increase the investmentʹs net present value (NPV). D) It will make it less attractive, since it will decrease the investmentʹs net present value (NPV).
D) It will make it less attractive, since it will decrease the investmentʹs net present value (NPV).
Which of the following statements is FALSE about interest rates? A) As interest rates may be quoted for different time intervals, it is often necessary to adjust the interest rate to a time period that matches that of cash flows. B) The effective annual rate indicates the amount of interest that will be earned at the end of one year. C) The annual percentage rate indicates the amount of simple interest earned in one year. D) The annual percentage rate indicates the amount of interest including the effect of compounding.
D) The annual percentage rate indicates the amount of interest including the effect of compounding.
Which of the following reasons for considering long-term loans inherently more risky than short-term loans is most accurate? A) There is a greater chance that inflation may fall in a longer time-frame. B) The penalties for closing out a long term loan early make them unattractive to many investors. C) Long-term loans typically have ongoing costs that accumulate over the life of the loan. D) The loan values are very sensitive to changes in market interest rates.
D) The loan values are very sensitive to changes in market interest rates.
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to lower the interest rate that a bank offers a borrower? A) The number of borrowers seeking funds is low. B) The expected inflation rate is expected to be low. C) The borrower is judged to have a low degree of risk. D) The loan will be for a long period of time.
D) The loan will be for a long period of time.
Historically, why were high inflation rates associated with high nominal interest rates? A) Individuals will spend more when they expect their investments to increase in value. B) Growth in investment and savings is encouraged when consumers are judged to be overspending. C) High inflation leads to a decrease in purchasing power and thus increases the attractiveness of investment over consumption in the short term. D) The real interest rate needs to be high enough so that individuals can expect their savings to have greater purchasing power in the future than in the present.
D) The real interest rate needs to be high enough so that individuals can expect their savings to have greater purchasing power in the future than in the present.
Which of the following computes the growth in purchasing power? A) growth of money + growth of prices B) (1 + real rate) / (1 + nominal rate) C) (1 + inflation rate) / (1 + nominal rate) D) growth of money / growth of prices
D) growth of money / growth of prices
