final 2

Mare represent ______________ and are _______________.

basalt-filled craters / intermediate in age.

In the Northern Hemisphere warm currents tend to flow from the ____________. In the Southern Hemisphere cold currents tend to flow from the ________________.

south; south

Which of these septic tanks is most likely to spread contaminated groundwater far away from the septic tank, and why?

the right septic tank because it is in limestone with caverns

Köppen's intent in developing his climatic classification system was to correlate temperature and precipitation with

vegetation.

The term "El Niño" phenomena in December in Peru is a term used to explain

warming of an otherwise cold current which brings heavy rain and flooding.

If a stream drops 15 meters in 15 kilometers, what is its gradient?

1 meter per kilometer

Where on this cross section would water at the surface infiltrate to become groundwater?

1, 2, and 3

This figure shows the Moon at four different positions, representing four different times, as it orbits around Earth. At which position would there be a full Moon as seen from Earth?

2

A parcel of air at 5 km altitude and an initial temperature of 10°C altitude descends to 3 km altitude at the unsaturated adiabatic lapse rate. What is the temperature at 3 km?

30°C

Ozone consists of _______ molecules of oxygen, is found primarily in the ______ and protects us from ______.

3; stratosphere; ultraviolet rays

Based on the accompanying hydrograph, what was the stream discharge when the data period shown in the graph ended?

4 cubic meters per second

Which of the following letters represents when the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn?

A

Given the prevailing wind direction indicated by the arrow, where would you expect air to be cooling at the saturated adiabatic lapse rate?

B

Which of the following locations shows the best development of a Rossby wave ridge?

B

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is an oxbow lake?

C

Strong updrafts and internal rotation are necessary to spawn tornadoes. Which location is most likely to have a tornado on the ground?

D

What location best represents a trough of low pressure?

D

Which location is found at the highest latitude?

D

Which of the following segments best illustrates the end of a mid-latitude cyclone's occlusion process?

F-E

Upwelling would be strongest off the coast of Peru during

La Niña.

The thermocline would be expected to be closest to the surface off the western coast of south America during 2

La Niña. 2

Choose the Moon position that would cause a neap tide (lower than normal high tides and higher than normal low tides) in North America (North America is on the sunlit side of the globe).

Position 1

Choose the Moon position that would cause high tide in North America (North America is on the sunlit side of the globe).

Position 3

Which of the following is NOT one of the inner terrestrial planets?

Saturn

Why do comets have a tail?

Solar wind strips off gas and dust, forming a tail pointing away from the Sun.

What is the current theory for the formation of our solar system?

The Sun and planets condensed from a cloud of gas and dust.

A parcel of saturated air at 10°C with 10g water vapor/kg of air is heated to 20°C. Which of the following is true?

The air has 10 g water vapor/kg of air and is now unsaturated.

The present-day tilt of Earth's axis of rotation is 23.5º. What would be the result of more tilt, as shown here?

a decrease in glaciers

What geologic event is probably indicated by this irregular coast, with estuaries?

a rise in sea level

Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between molecular motion, wavelength, and temperature?

as temperature increases, molecular motion increases, wavelength decreases

"B" type climates generally occur

beneath sinking air.

Where would be the relatively safest place to build a bridge across the stream in the accompanying figure?

between points 5 and 6

What type of stream is shown in this photograph?

braided stream

Find the largest cold front located on the map. The likely air mass to the west of the cold front is a(n) _______ air mass which is likely to be __________ than the air mass to the east.

cP; drier

The waters off the coast of Peru are normally

cold because of a current bringing cold water from the south and upwelling conditions.

Which of the following involves the release of latent heat back into the environment?

deposition

Which way is groundwater flowing in this cone of depression?

downward and toward the well from all directions

All of the following will warm the local environment EXCEPT

evaporation

This map shows contours of the water table, the location of four factories (labeled A, B, C, and D), and contaminated (x) and uncontaminated wells (-). Which factory contaminated the groundwater?

factory C

What is probably the least expensive approach for avoiding shoreline hazards?

forbid the building of houses or other structures in high-risk areas

The present-day tilt of Earth's axis of rotation is 23.5º. What would be the result of less tilt, as shown here?

high latitudes would receive less direct sunlight during the summer, causing cooler temperatures

In regard to ocean salinity, temperature, and density

ice formation in polar zones increases salinity and density.

Water's salinity can be increased by

ice freezing.

The rings of Saturn are largely composed of

icy chunks the size of sand, pebbles, and boulders.

The moderate temperatures of C climates are due to

intermediate location between tropical and polar climates.

Land heats and cools more rapidly than oceans because of

lack of mixing in soil or rock layers.

Using the insolation diagram, name the correct sequence of surface pressure zones associated with latitude zones. Start from the equator and move toward the poles.

low pressure, high pressure, low pressure, high pressure

Which of the following explains the very cold temperatures of Subarctic and Polar climates?

low sun angles throughout the year

The visible surface of Uranus and Neptune are bluish-green because they consist of

methane and other gases.

Heat is applied to a container. The molecules inside the container become

more energetic; pressure increases.

In the Northern Hemisphere cold currents tend to flow from the ____________. In the Southern Hemisphere warm currents tend to flow from the ________________.

north; north

Arid climates are

not all hot and can have freezing temperatures, even during the day.

The cP air masses pictured here originate

over land masses and bring cold air during the winter.

The mT air masses pictured here originate

over water, are unstable, and bring warm air during the winter.

An important property of water is its ability to act as a good solvent. This could best be explained by water's

polarity.

Smaller planets like Mercury that have large surface-area-to-volume ratios cool relatively

quickly

This cloud that is NOT precipitating and covers the entire sky, forming a low blanket of clouds that causes overcast conditions. What kind of cloud is this?

stratus

During its early stages of formation, a catastrophic collision with Earth by a large body is thought to have ripped part of the Earth away to form

the Moon.

The specific humidity of air changes when there is a change in

the addition or removal of water vapor.

When an occlusion occurs

the cold front overtakes the warm front and the warmer air is lifted from the surface.

What is the main control on whether a planet or moon has active tectonics and volcanism?

the size of an object

The dominant control in global sea surface temperature (SST) is

the supply of solar insolation.

On equinox

tilt is neither inclined toward or away from the sun.

The origin of dust devils would be most similar to

tornadoes.

This cross section shows the location of a septic tank with harmful bacteria and 5 wells. Which well is least likely to become contaminated?

well A

This cross section shows the location of 5 wells and the water table? Which well is most likely to be an artesian well?

well E

The distribution of warm pools can best be explained by warm

westward flowing water accumulating on the eastern side of landmasses.

Which of the following telescopes would not be suitable for ground-based observations?

x-ray telescope

Which dashed line in this figure would be the wave base?

3

______________contain abundant feldspar and represent _________________________

Cratered highlands/ the oldest parts of the Moon.

The asteroid belt is located between

Mars and Jupiter.

_______________are formed by meteoroid impacts and are _________________________.

Rayed craters /some of the youngest features.