Final

What are the most common side effects of pleurodesis? a) fever and chest pain b) bradypnea and wheezing c) tachycardia and edema d) ascites and bruising

a) fever and chest pain

You are the registered nurse (RN) receiving report for a patient transferring to a Medical-Surgical unit. The patient was admitted for an exacerbation of previously diagnosed chronic left-sided diastolic heart failure. What medications would you expect to see on the patient's medication administration record (MAR)? Select all that apply. a) Hydrochlorothiazide b) Hydralazine c) Lamotrigine d) Metformin

A, B a) Hydrochlorothiazide b) Hydralazine

An elderly woman calls the clinic with questions about flu symptoms. She asks the nurse on the phone which over the counter drugs can be used to control and alleviate flu symptoms. You tell her: (select all that apply) a) Tylenol b) Aspirin c) Penicillin d) Bismuth subsalicylate

A, B a) Tylenol b) Aspirin

Your patient has a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). On assessment you find the patient is experiencing worsening joint inflammation, pain, and muscle spasms. Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate? Select all that apply. a) Administration of NSAIDs b) Ice application for 10 minutes at a time c) Gentle ROM exercises d) Moist heat application for 15 minutes at a time.

A, B, C a) Administration of NSAIDs b) Ice application for 10 minutes at a time c) Gentle ROM exercises

Select all that apply: Before starting Gentamicin for a patient diagnosed with osteomyelitis, the nurse knows to do which of the following? a) Assess the patient for dehydration before starting therapy b) Ensure a renal functioning test is done prior to therapy c) Teach patient to inform HCP of any problems with visual, hearing or urinary systems while taking the medication d) Tell patient to keep a daily record of their temperature

A, B, C a) Assess the patient for dehydration before starting therapy b) Ensure a renal functioning test is done prior to therapy c) Teach patient to inform HCP of any problems with visual, hearing or urinary systems while taking the medication

In a patient with increased intracranial pressure and a decreased level of consciousness, what nursing implementations would you choose to initiate? Select all that applies a) Maintain the patients' airway from obstructions such as the tongue occluding the airway or from an accumulation of secretions. b) Maintain the patients' body position by keeping the head up and elevated to decrease ICP and increase CPP. c) Protect the patient from injury because with increased ICP and decreased level of consciousness the patient is at increased risk for self-injury. d) Monitoring ICP is NOT important at this time.

A, B, C a) Maintain the patients' airway from obstructions such as the tongue occluding the airway or from an accumulation of secretions. b) Maintain the patients' body position by keeping the head up and elevated to decrease ICP and increase CPP. c) Protect the patient from injury because with increased ICP and decreased level of consciousness the patient is at increased risk for self-injury.

A pt is being admitted for lower back pain. Which information from the admission assessment indicate factors contributing to the lower back pain. Select all that apply a) Pt daily diet consists of bacon and eggs for breakfast, big mac meal for lunch, and steak and potatoes for dinner. b) Recent pregnancy and birth of child 6 months ago c) Occupation of cashier and stocker at Albertsons. d) Tries to walk child in stroller to nearby park 3x a week.

A, B, C a) Pt daily diet consists of bacon and eggs for breakfast, big mac meal for lunch, and steak and potatoes for dinner. b) Recent pregnancy and birth of child 6 months ago c) Occupation of cashier and stocker at Albertsons.

Which of the following would be appropriate nursing diagnoses for someone who has experienced a stroke? (select all that apply) a) Decreased intracranial adaptive capacity b) Risk for aspiration c) Unilateral neglect d) Situational low self-esteem

A, B, C, D a) Decreased intracranial adaptive capacity b) Risk for aspiration c) Unilateral neglect d) Situational low self-esteem

Which of the following medications can be used to help treat the symptoms associated with systemic exertion intolerance disease?-Select all that apply a) NSAIDs b) Tricyclic antidepressants c) SSRI's d) Clonazepam

A, B, C, D a) NSAIDs b) Tricyclic antidepressants c) SSRI's d) Clonazepam

What should you teach a patient being discharged with a laryngectomy tube after a total laryngectomy for neck cancer? (Select all that apply) a) You must remove the entire laryngectomy tube daily to clean it b) It is important to do regular actives such as walking and swimming c) Clean the stoma daily with a moist cloth d) A nasal spray wash can be used every 1-2 hours to keep stoma from crusting e) Do not remove dried secretions around the stoma, pulling them off can cause open wounds susceptible to infection

A, C, D a) You must remove the entire laryngectomy tube daily to clean it c) Clean the stoma daily with a moist cloth d) A nasal spray wash can be used every 1-2 hours to keep stoma from crusting

Sally Jenkins, a 66-year old female, is post-op day 2 after an abdominal surgery with a suspected diagnosis of HAP (hospital acquired pneumonia). What are your main priorities in treating Sally? Select all that apply. a) Administer Tylenol, Augmentin, and Zithromax PO to treat pneumonia per physicians' orders. b) Encourage fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day, deep breathing with use of incentive spirometer, ambulation, and splinting while coughing. c) Offer foods high in calories and nutrients such as proteins, dairy products, and dehydrated foods to best facilitate healing and strength. d) Collect a sputum specimen for culture and sensitivity test as soon as possible.

A, B, D a) Administer Tylenol, Augmentin, and Zithromax PO to treat pneumonia per physicians' orders. b) Encourage fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day, deep breathing with use of incentive spirometer, ambulation, and splinting while coughing. d) Collect a sputum specimen for culture and sensitivity test as soon as possible.

What teaching would you want to include in patient education for a patient with a pacemaker?-Select all that applies a) Avoid standing near antitheft devices in doorways of department stores and public libraries b) Air travel is not restricted c) Mircowave ovens interfere with pacemaker function d) Keep incision dry for 4 days after implantation

A, B, D a) Avoid standing near antitheft devices in doorways of department stores and public libraries b) Air travel is not restricted d) Keep incision dry for 4 days after implantation

A 32-year old arrives at the ED with complaints of a fever, sore throat, and dysphagia. Upon assessment, he is febrile and there is extensive peritonsillar swelling, but the tonsils do not appear to be inflamed. The uvula is deviated to the right. Labs have returned showing an elevated WBC. You obtain a gram-stain by aspirating the peritonsillar abscess and discover that the organism is a gram-positive cocci. Which of the following is true about infections caused by this organism? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY). a) Can cause pneumonia b) Causes rheumatic fever c) Can cause draining sinuses containing sulfur d) Can cause acute glomerulonephritis

A, B, D a) Can cause pneumonia b) Causes rheumatic fever d) Can cause acute glomerulonephritis

A patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is at risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE). Which symptoms should the nurse teach the patient and caregiver to watch for sudden onset of? Select all that apply a) Dyspnea b) Tachypnea c) Heart palpitations d) Pleuritic chest pain

A, B, D a) Dyspnea b) Tachypnea d) Pleuritic chest pain

Which of the following symptoms/manifestations would you expect to see in a patient with a heart valve disorder? (Select all that apply) a) Dyspnea on exertion b) Atrial fibrillation on ECG c) Unexplained weight loss d) Crackle sounds in lungs

A, B, D a) Dyspnea on exertion b) Atrial fibrillation on ECG d) Crackle sounds in lungs

You are a nurse caring for a patient with fibromyalgia. Which regimen(s) will you teach your patient in order to help manage his or her pain? (Select all that apply) a) Encourage rest to help pain, aching, and tenderness b) Limit sugar, caffeine, and alcohol c) Start a high-impact aerobic exercise program such has running or jumping rope d) Join a support group or start psychologic counseling

A, B, D a) Encourage rest to help pain, aching, and tenderness b) Limit sugar, caffeine, and alcohol d) Join a support group or start psychologic counseling

A nurse is assessing a client that was involved in a head on vehicular collision. Which of the following clinical manifestations would indicate the patient has experienced a spinal cord injury? -Select all that applies a) Incontinence b) Hypotension c) Diaphoresis d) Decreased motor strength

A, B, D a) Incontinence b) Hypotension d) Decreased motor strength

A patient admitted to the ED with an emergent tension pneumothorax requires which of the following: select all that apply a) Needle decompression followed by chest tube insertion b) Place patient in Semi Fowlers position c) Cover sucking chest wound with nonporous dressing taped to three sides d) Assessment of trachea and heart away from side that is affected

A, B, D a) Needle decompression followed by chest tube insertion b) Place patient in Semi Fowlers position d) Assessment of trachea and heart away from side that is affected

Which of the following signs and symptoms would alert the nurse that a patient in the PACU may be experiencing inadequate oxygenation post operatively? Select all that apply a) Restlessness b) Moist skin c) Urine output >0.5mL/kg/hr d) Agitation

A, B, D a) Restlessness b) Moist skin d) Agitation

During an assessment of a patient you suspect they are at risk for CAD; which subjective information would cause you to have an increased concern about their risk for CAD? Select all that apply. a) Tobacco use b) Sedentary lifestyle c) Elevated blood pressure d) Highly stressful occupation

A, B, D a) Tobacco use b) Sedentary lifestyle d) Highly stressful occupation

The nurse is taking care of a patient with a pulmonary embolus. Which statement(s), if made by the patient, shows that the patient requires further teaching (select all that apply)? a. Because I've already had a PE and am now on medication to help, I am not at risk for another PE b. Whenever I start to feel better, I can stop taking the anticoagulation medications c. If I start noticing bruises all over me, I'll call the doctor right away d. Once I am discharged, I don't need to come back for check-ups e. I should floss and brush my teeth carefully

A, B, D a. Because I've already had a PE and am now on medication to help, I am not at risk for another PE b. Whenever I start to feel better, I can stop taking the anticoagulation medications d. Once I am discharged, I don't need to come back for check-ups

The nurse is taking care of a 30-year old male patient who has just started to experience an aura, which interventions does she include in patient teachings (select all that apply): a) Avoid perfume stores b) Turn on bright lights c) Relaxation therapy in conjunction with drug therapy d) Drink a glass of red wine

A, C a) Avoid perfume stores c) Relaxation therapy in conjunction with drug therapy

A patient is admitted with infective endocarditis. When assessing the patient, which clinical manifestation might the nurse find? Select all that applies. a) bloody urine b) pericardial friction rub c) sharp pain in upper left quadrant d) aphasia

A, C, D a) bloody urine c) sharp pain in upper left quadrant d) aphasia

The nurse is taking care of a patient with a tension pneumothorax. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for chest tubes? Select all that apply. A. An X-ray will be done after chest tube placement and after chest tube removal. B. The patient will be placed in supine position with arms by his/her sides during chest tube insertion. C. Water fluctuation in the water-seal drainage chamber, also known as tidaling, is a normal finding. D. Pain medication will not be administered because this may suppress the CNS and alter respirations, putting the patient at more risk.

A, C A. An X-ray will be done after chest tube placement and after chest tube removal. C. Water fluctuation in the water-seal drainage chamber, also known as tidaling, is a normal finding.

A 32-year-old female presents to the emergency department with a respiratory rate of > 30 breaths/minute, a pulse of > 120 beats/minute, use of accessory muscles, and worsening expiratory wheezing. What are the priority nursing interventions? Select all that apply a) Decrease patient anxiety and sense of panic by coaching them through their breathing b) Administer a long acting B2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) to open the airways c) Administer supplemental O2 via nasal cannula or mask d) Obtain a detailed health history

A, C a) Decrease patient anxiety and sense of panic by coaching them through their breathing c) Administer supplemental O2 via nasal cannula or mask

(What diagnostic assessment would be used to identify and confirm Cor Pulmonale?)-Select all that applies a) ECG b) BUN and creatine panel c) CT scan d) B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

A, C, D a) ECG c) CT scan d) B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Which of the following would demonstrate that a patient with a sudden cardiac event correctly understands how to use their LifeVest? (Select all that apply) A. Patient wears the vest under their clothing B. Patient states "If I hear an alarm from the LifeVest it means the battery is low, and I should change the battery" C. The LifeVest is used as an intermediate for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or heart transplant D. If the patient is conscious and the LifeVest alarm sounds the patient should press a button to stop the shock. E. Patient states "I only need to wear the LifeVest when doing rigorous activities"

A, C, D A. Patient wears the vest under their clothing C. The LifeVest is used as an intermediate for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or heart transplant D. If the patient is conscious and the LifeVest alarm sounds the patient should press a button to stop the shock.

While caring for a client with Paget's disease, a client asks which medications may be prescribed to him. Which of the following answers are correct? Select all that apply. a) "Bisphosphonate drugs prevent the loss of bone density." b) "Corticosteroids will help decrease bone resorption." c) "Zoledronic acid can treat bone damage caused by Paget's disease." d) "Calcium and vitamin D are often given to decrease hypocalcemia, a common side effect of Paget's disease."

A, C, D a) "Bisphosphonate drugs prevent the loss of bone density." c) "Zoledronic acid can treat bone damage caused by Paget's disease." d) "Calcium and vitamin D are often given to decrease hypocalcemia, a common side effect of Paget's disease."

When providing discharge teaching to a patient diagnosed with infective endocarditis, which statement(s) by the patient suggest(s) the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. a) "I will stop taking the antibiotics once my fever is gone to prevent antibiotic resistance" b) "I will make regular appointments to go to my dentist" c) "I won't be able to have my tonsils removed because of the high risk for getting infective endocarditis again" d) "I will need to avoid any physical activity and will be on complete bed rest"

A, C, D a) "I will stop taking the antibiotics once my fever is gone to prevent antibiotic resistance" c) "I won't be able to have my tonsils removed because of the high risk for getting infective endocarditis again" d) "I will need to avoid any physical activity and will be on complete bed rest"

You are the nurse for Mr. Jones, a 57 y.o. pt who had a thoracentesis. What objective findings should you be monitoring on Mr. Jones during and after the procedure? (select all that apply) a) Blood pressure b) Pain level c) Pulse oximetry d) Manifestations of respiratory distress

A, C, D a) Blood pressure c) Pulse oximetry d) Manifestations of respiratory distress

When providing patient education post hip replacement, the nurse should instruct the patient to avoid which of the following: Select all that apply. a) Bringing legs together at the knees b) Use an elevated toilet seat c) Cross legs at ankles d) Put on own shoes without an adaptive device

A, C, D a) Bringing legs together at the knees c) Cross legs at ankles d) Put on own shoes without an adaptive device

Ryann Tate, a 27-year old female, returned to her home in northern California after traveling throughout Asia for the last month. She comes to the clinic and reports symptoms of: night sweats, a productive cough, pleuritic chest pain, and unintentional weight loss. She is curious if these symptoms are related to her early stages of pregnancy? After a thorough assessment and a few tests the physician makes a diagnosis of Active TB Infection. Which of the following drugs would she be started on during initial phase of drug therapy? Select all that applies. a) Isoniazid b) pyrazinamide c) rifampin d) ethambutol

A, C, D a) Isoniazid c) rifampin d) ethambutol

You have a patient who was transferred to the floor after being admitted due to a recent head injury. You decide to incorporate seizure precautions in the patient's plan of care. Which would be included in the patient's room? (Select all that apply) a) Padded bed rails b) Restraints on standby c) Suction, intubation kit, and O2 at bedside d) IV access e) Bite guard at bedside

A, C, D a) Padded bed rails c) Suction, intubation kit, and O2 at bedside d) IV access

While caring for a patient with hypertension, you notice the doctor orders a diuretic for your patient. You know this medication helps lower high blood pressure by: (Select all that apply) a) Promoting water sodium and water excretion b) Activating dopamine receptors, resulting in systemic and renal vasodilation c) Reducing plasma volume d) Reducing the vascular response to catecholamines

A, C, D a) Promoting water sodium and water excretion c) Reducing plasma volume d) Reducing the vascular response to catecholamines

The nurse is caring for a 25-year-old female client who is newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nurse knows that teaching has been effective when the client makes the following statement(s) (select all that apply): a)"I need to avoid exposure to individuals with infection." b)"I understand that pregnancy can improve SLE symptoms." c)"It is important that I avoid sun exposure between 11:00 AM and 3:00 PM." d)"I know that use of heat therapy can help with my joint pain."

A, C, D a)"I need to avoid exposure to individuals with infection." c)"It is important that I avoid sun exposure between 11:00 AM and 3:00 PM." d)"I know that use of heat therapy can help with my joint pain."

James has persistent perennial rhinitis and just seen his physician for some new medications to treat his symptoms. He was prescribed Beclomethasone and PRN Diphenhydramine. James works in construction and is regularly exposed to unavoidable allergens. The nurse has educated James on his new medications, and now wants to have him review the information. The nurse knows that James needs further education if he makes the following statement(s): (Select all that apply) a) "I can't wait to get back to work next week, it will be so nice to finally be operating an excavator again!" b) "The diphenhydramine will be great for when I need immediate relief, I like fast results." c) "I can't stop taking the Beclomethasone if I don't feel results right away, it will take a while to start working." d) "I'll only take the Beclomethasone when I need it, I don't want to waste medication when I'm feeling fine."

A, D a) "I can't wait to get back to work next week, it will be so nice to finally be operating an excavator again!" d) "I'll only take the Beclomethasone when I need it, I don't want to waste medication when I'm feeling fine."

When providing discharge instructions to a patient who has been diagnosed with a nasal fracture, what should the nurse include what teaching? Select all that apply. a) Avoid hot showers for the first 48 hours b) Take acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; aspirin) to control pain c) Lie down if experiencing trouble with breathing d) Quit or decrease smoking

A, D a) Avoid hot showers for the first 48 hours d) Quit or decrease smoking

A patient comes into the hospital with suspected Multiple Sclerosis. Which of the following symptoms would suggest the patient has early signs of Multiple Sclerosis? Select all the apply. a) Blurred Vision b) Dysphagia c) Hypertension d) Red-green distortion

A, D a) Blurred Vision d) Red-green distortion

Most patients with brain tumors experience increased intracranial pressure. What interventions made by the nurse are best to treat increased intracranial pressure? - (Select all that applies) a) Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees b) Use of benzodiazepines for patient anxiety c) Keep patient on the right side of their body d) Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

A, D a) Elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees d) Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

The nurse will intervene if she observes the student nurse performing which interventions for a patient experiencing Acute Respiratory Distress? (Select all that apply) a) Removing the pulse-oximeter so the patient can text on their phone b) Placing the patient in prone position c) Performing frequent oral care for a patient on a ventilator d) Informs patient they can't drink anything prior to receiving medications

A, D a) Removing the pulse-oximeter so the patient can text on their phone d) Informs patient they can't drink anything prior to receiving medications

A nurse is assessing a patient with a possible diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The nurse understands that Heberden's nodes... (Select all that apply) a) Appear on the proximal interphalangeal joints b) Form due to osteophyte formation and loss of joint space c) Are often red, swollen, and tender d) Cause significant loss of function of the joints

B, C b) Form due to osteophyte formation and loss of joint space c) Are often red, swollen, and tender

The nurse is drawing up a care plan for a patient that has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's and is going home with their spouse. What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? (Select all that apply) a) Always leave the doors open so there is fresh air and the patient can take walks b) Set up simple reminders around the house to assist in daily routine c) Eat a diet high in vegetables and fruits, and low in fats d) It is normal for a patient with Alzheimer's to exhibit symptoms of nausea and vomiting, this does not require additional medical attention e) Call your health provider if the patient begins to become aggressive or agitated around the same time every night

B, C b) Set up simple reminders around the house to assist in daily routine c) Eat a diet high in vegetables and fruits, and low in fats

A patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) is at high risk for (Select all that applies:) a) Lung cancer b) Malnutrition c) Fibrotic cyst formation in the pancreas d) Reproductive issues

B, C, D b) Malnutrition c) Fibrotic cyst formation in the pancreas d) Reproductive issues

It is important to be able to teach which of the following to your patient? Select all that apply. a. Physical exercise is important because it can halt the progression of PD. b. It is important to add assistive devices to your home (ex. Hand rails and elevated toilet seat) to prevent falls in the home c. Do as many activities by yourself as you can, it will promote independence and can help with self-confidence. d. You need to remove rugs and excess furniture because with the symptoms that come along with PD.

B, C, D b. It is important to add assistive devices to your home (ex. Hand rails and elevated toilet seat) to prevent falls in the home c. Do as many activities by yourself as you can, it will promote independence and can help with self-confidence. d. You need to remove rugs and excess furniture because with the symptoms that come along with PD.

A nurse prepares to perform a pre-operative patient interview, which statements are true about the Pre-operative patient interview? A)The Pre-operative interview must happen at least 24 hours before the surgery is scheduled. B)The interview is an opportunity for patients and caregivers to ask questions about postoperative care. C)Medical history and health information should be attained during the admission assessment and not during the interview. D)The nurse can use the interview to provide and clarify information about the planned surgery, including information about anesthesia. E)Patient questions about taking regular medications, such as insulin, before surgery should be directed to the health care provider, as they are inappropriate for the pre-operative interview.

B, D B)The interview is an opportunity for patients and caregivers to ask questions about postoperative care. D)The nurse can use the interview to provide and clarify information about the planned surgery, including information about anesthesia.

Patient is being discharged and educated about their new diagnosis of stage II Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Which statement(s) indicates teaching was successful? (Select all that applies) a)"Since I already have lung cancer, if I keep smoking it doesn't matter." b)"I will make sure to follow up with my oncologist and go to my set appointment with them." c)"As I start my treatments I know my pain will lessen because I'll be getting treated and getting medications." d)"I will make sure to do my best and avoid areas where smoking is prohibited and ask the people I know who smoke to not smoke around me."

B, D b)"I will make sure to follow up with my oncologist and go to my set appointment with them." d)"I will make sure to do my best and avoid areas where smoking is prohibited and ask the people I know who smoke to not smoke around me."

A patient has come into the ER because he has had persistent headaches since his car accident a month ago. While assessing the patient the nurse notices that the patient quickly starts loosing his responsiveness and he has a BP of 185/86. What should the nurse look for next during the morning assessment? -Select all that applies a) Tachycardia b) Altered respirations c) Increase in body temperature d) Increased oxygen saturation

B,C b) Altered respirations c) Increase in body temperature

A patient is admitted to the emergency department after being stabbed in the chest with a knife. The nurse hears the student nurse describe a tension pneumothorax to the patient. Which statement, made by the student nurse, would require immediate intervention by the nurse? A. "A tension pneumothorax may occur from an open or closed pneumothorax." B. "It is important to monitor your trachea because one symptom of a tension pneumothorax is the trachea shifting toward the affected lung." C. "The pressure from a tension pneumothorax compromises oxygenation." D. "A tension pneumothorax is a medical emergency, which means if you start noticing any symptoms, you will want to get help immediately."

B. "It is important to monitor your trachea because one symptom of a tension pneumothorax is the trachea shifting toward the affected lung."

What is contraindicated in a patient with chronic heart-failure? Select all that apply a) Administration of beta blockers b) Fluid restrictions c) Use of NSAIDS to treat pain d) Having a prescription for benzodiazepines

C, D c) Use of NSAIDS to treat pain d) Having a prescription for benzodiazepines

E.T., a 47-year old male with type II diabetes, has just been diagnosed with cervical disc disease (CDD) following an MRI and myelogram. What conservative therapy will the nurse implement into this patient's care management plan? Select all that apply: a) History and physical examination b) Request an intradiscal electrothermoplasty (IDET) c) Administer NSAIDs as needed d) Apply ice/heat therapy to affected area e) Administer tramadol (Ultram) per MAR as needed

C, D, E c) Administer NSAIDs as needed d) Apply ice/heat therapy to affected area e) Administer tramadol (Ultram) per MAR as needed

Which of the following patients is most at risk for sudden cardiac death? A. A 41-year old African American female who has a family history of hypertension B. A 86-year old Hispanic male who has been diagnosed with hyponatremia C. A 53-year old African American male who has been diagnosed with ventricular tachycardia following a recent myocardial infarction. D. A 66-year old Caucasian female who is brought into the emergency department with a suspected myocardial infarction

C. A 53-year old African American male who has been diagnosed with ventricular tachycardia following a recent myocardial infarction.

A patient has been assigned to an RN with a family history of Paget's disease. It is most important for the nurse to include education in which area? a) Need for genetic testing b) Exercise program c) Nutrition high in Vitamin A d) Avoidance of infection

a) Need for genetic testing

Calculate a patient's cerebral perfusion pressure with a blood pressure of 110/70 and an intracranial pressure of 18 mmHg. Given this CPP, is it acceptable? a) A CPP of 65mmHg, which is not indicative of ischemia or neuronal death. b) A CPP of 55 mmHg, which is outside normal values for CPP but not yet indicative of ischemia or neuronal death. c) A CPP of 30 mmHg, which results in ischemia and is incompatible with life d) A CPP of 49 mmHg, which is outside normal values for CPP and indicative of ischemia and neuronal death.

a) A CPP of 65mmHg, which is not indicative of ischemia or neuronal death.

Injury to which vertebrae would result in complete paralysis below the neck? a) C4 Injury b) C6 Injury c) T6 Injury d) L1 Injury

a) C4 Injury

A patient with cystic fibrous (CF) is restating what you just taught her about CF. Which statement made by the patient would require further teaching? a) "I will drink large amounts of fluids and eat foods with salt." b) "If I feel out of breath, I will do pursed-lip breathing as one of the ways to help." c) "I will abstain from participating in aerobic exercises." d) "A common symptom of CF is bulky, foul smelling stools."

c) "I will abstain from participating in aerobic exercises."

A nurse is educating a patient who has been newly diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Which of the following statements would indicate a need for some additional education about Multiple Sclerosis? a) "I can expect to experience balance problems." b) "My pregnancy may cure Multiple Sclerosis." c) "I should stay out of the heat because it can exacerbate my fatigue." d) "I may undergo mood changes."

b) "My pregnancy may cure Multiple Sclerosis."

A nurse and a nursing student are assigned to care for a client with SLE. The nurse is teaching the student about medications used to manage the disease. Which statement made by the student would require the nurse to intervene? a) "Corticosteroids are often used to control serious disease that involve the kidneys and the nervous system." b) "Opioid analgesics are important for relieving pain in patients with mild arthralgia or arthritis." c) "Antimalarial drugs are often used to treat fatigue and skin and joint problems." d) "Immunosuppressive drugs can be used to treat severe organ system-disease."

b) "Opioid analgesics are important for relieving pain in patients with mild arthralgia or arthritis."

You are working in the ER; there are four patients with cardiovascular symptoms. Which patient requires your immediate response? a) 65 year old diabetic male with CAD that has developed a complicated lesion b) 23 year old healthy female with symptoms of an MI c) 45 year old obese female with serum cholesterol level of 263mg/dL d) 58 year old male with CAD with symptoms of an MI

b) 23 year old healthy female with symptoms of an MI

What is priority for a patient who has been recently diagnosed for seizures and is being seen for a head injury from a recent seizure? a) Determining the trigger of the seizure b) Assessment of neurological function c) Administration of opioid analgesic pain medication d) Taking safety measures (seizure precautions)

b) Assessment of neurological function

A UAP is changing the linens while the pt is ambulating with physical therapy. When finished, the pt has returned and is ready to return to bed. Which technique demonstrates good body mechanics? a) Lowers bed down to lowest setting and bends down to lift patient into bed. b) Brings bed to waist level and uses another UAP and draw sheet to slide pt up into bed. c) UAP stands with knees locked and in one location for long periods of time while pt is using the restroom. d) UAP reaches over patient to grab blanket. UAP is short and climbs in the bed to fully grab the blanket and cover the pt.

b) Brings bed to waist level and uses another UAP and draw sheet to slide pt up into bed.

The nurse is assessing a patient with a nasal fracture, which finding would be the most concerning? a) Septal deviation b) Clear fluid draining from the nostril c) Ecchymosis around one eye d) Edema

b) Clear fluid draining from the nostril

As you are looking at your patient's heart rhythm you notice the rate and rhythm are normal and regular, with a normal P wave and a normal QRS complex, but the PR interval is >0.20 seconds. What does this indicate? a) A. fib b) First-degree heart block c) Third-degree heart block d) Ventricular tachycardia

b) First-degree heart block

A 23 y.o. female has had symptoms of acute pharyngitis for the past 36 hours. The inflammation is causing blockage on the left-side of the throat with associated symptoms of a fever, chills, and severe pain when swallowing. Redness and swelling is present on the posterior pharynx with the left tonsil being displaced anteriorly and bilateral tonsillar exudates. Select the appropriate treatment. a) Gargle with warm salt water b) Incision and drainage followed by antibiotics c) Oral antibiotics d) Parenteral antibiotics only

b) Incision and drainage followed by antibiotics

The Nurse should notify the healthcare provider if which of the following findings is observed in a patient being treated for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome? a) Auscultation of coarse crackles upon expiration b) Increased WOB despite normal findings of PaO2 and O2 saturation c) PaO2 level of 90 mm Hg d) A higher than average WBC

b) Increased WOB despite normal findings of PaO2 and O2 saturation

A female patient comes in to urgent care with a headache that is described as a tight rubber band around her head. The physician diagnoses her with a tension headache. You suggest that the patient: a) Schedule surgery b) Keep a diary of headache episodes c) Cut out chocolate, cheese, oranges, tomatoes, onions, monosodium glutamate, aspartame, and alcohol d) Receive Botulinum toxin A (Botox)

b) Keep a diary of headache episodes

M.G is a 75 y/o female patient who was recently admitted to the ED for headaches and fatigue. During the assessment, the nurse observes the patient exhibiting the following symptoms: repetitiveness, confusion, delusions, and agitation. The nurse recognizes this as what potential stage of Alzheimer's? a) Mild b) Moderate c) Dementia-related d) Severe

b) Moderate

When caring for a patient with a history of asthma, what signs or symptoms would alert the nurse that the patient is in acute respiratory distress? a) A peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) that is only 80% of their personal best number recorded b) Severely diminished breath sounds upon auscultation c) A drop in SpO2 from 93% to 91% d) A respiratory rate of 26 breaths/minute

b) Severely diminished breath sounds upon auscultation

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is on a pharmacological regimen of methotrexate and golimumab. The patient has a fever of 101.5 and fatigue. What action should you take first? a) Administer PRN Tylenol to reduce fever b) Stop the golimumab and notify the health care provider (HCP) c) Promote rest throughout the day d) Ask patient if they have received any live vaccinations recently

b) Stop the golimumab and notify the health care provider (HCP)

What interventions would the nurse do if she assessed a pleural drainage system with continuous bubbling a) nothing, this is normal b) suspect a system leak c) chest system needs to be vented in order to release residual negative pressure d) lower the water seal column

b) suspect a system leak

A nurse is reviewing the medications prescribed for a patient with fibromyalgia. Which medication is least likely to be prescribed for this patient? a)​pregabalin (Lyrica) b)​long-acting opioids c)​duloxetine (Cymbalta) d)​low-dose tricyclic antidepressants

b)​long-acting opioids

The nurse knows to intervene and correct a student nurse when she overhears the student teaching a patient about osteomyelitis and the student says: a) "Carefully handle your affected limb and avoid undue manipulation" b) "There are possible adverse and toxic reactions associated with prolonged high-dose antibiotic therapy which include hearing deficit, impaired renal function and neurotoxicity" c) "You may discontinue the use of your antibiotics once your symptoms subside" d) "Dressing changes are often required if you have an open wound"

c) "You may discontinue the use of your antibiotics once your symptoms subside"

Sally Jones, a 20-year old female, got a QuantiFERON-TB test completed so she would be able to start nursing school next semester. The results came back with a positive result. She is completely asymptomatic for TB. What would be the next step in her plan of care? a) A 9-month treatment of pyrazinamide, taken daily. b) No further care needs to be provided c) A 9-month treatment of isoniazid, taken daily. d) A 4-drug regimen including isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol would be initiated and taken daily.

c) A 9-month treatment of isoniazid, taken daily.

An RN is working with a student nurse, discussing the procedures for informed consent, which statement if made by the student would indicate the need for further education? a) Informed consent must be given voluntarily, from the patient or if circumstances require a legally appointed representative or responsible family member. b) The procedures for collecting informed consent varies from state to state and agency to agency. c) A medical emergency can not supercede informed consent, if patient can't consent, consent must be received from a legally responsible party. d) The surgeon is ultimately responsible for collecting informed consent, but the nurse may provide witness.

c) A medical emergency can not supercede informed consent, if patient can't consent, consent must be received from a legally responsible party.

The three most common complications of post op patients in the PACU are airway obstruction, hypoxemia, and hypoventilation. Which of the following presents the highest risk in developing one of these complications? a) A person who is very underweight b) A person who has had two total hip replacements in the past c) A person who is over 55 years of age d) A person who has a history of alcohol use

c) A person who is over 55 years of age

A nurse is going to start an IV on a patient being given an irritating drug who has a history of thrombophlebitis. Which site should the nurse avoid IV catheter insertion due to its increased risk for severe phlebitis: a) Hand b) Forearm c) Antecubital d) Feet

c) Antecubital

Mr. Smith is a 75-year-old man, and at his annual doctor's visit and the nurse notices that he has a short, shuffling gait and his hands shake when filling out his paper work. What should the nurse's priority be? a) Ask the patient how long he has had Parkinson's disease. b) Tell the doctor he should prescribe Sinemet. c) Ask the patient how long he has noticed his tremor d) Ask Mr. Smith's wife if she has noticed a slow slurred speech.

c) Ask the patient how long he has noticed his tremor

Which patient with ICP would most likely be experiencing Cushing's Triad? A patient with the following: a) BP 150/112, HR 110, RR 8 b) BP 90/60, HR 80, RR 22 c) BP 200/65, HR 52, RR 7 d) BP 70/40, HR 49, RR 14

c) BP 200/65, HR 52, RR 7

A 25 year old female patient suffered a closed fracture of her right humerus two days ago and was put into a cast. Today she is complaining of pain that is 10/10, despite taking opioids for pain. Patient reports tingling and inability to use the arm. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the limb is pale, cool to the touch and pulseless. Vitals are WNL. What urgent condition does the nurse suspect? a) Infection b) Venous thromboembolism c) Compartment syndrome d) Fat embolism syndrome

c) Compartment syndrome

A 62-year-old male presents to the clinic with sneezing, altered sense of smell, and watery nasal discharge. He is also complaining of severe nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through his nose. The patient has a long history of intermittent allergic rhinitis but doesn't know exactly what causes his reactions. In the entry interview the patient stated that he and his wife have been doing some spring cleaning and that he has been trying to stay active by taking their dog out for daily walks in the foothills. The patient asks the nurse what can be done to prevent future reactions. Which of the following interventions would be most effective? a) Suggest that the patient consult with the physician about receiving immunotherapy (allergy shots) so their sensitivity to allergens will be decreased. b) Tell the patient that their spring cleaning, walks in the foothills, and exposure to the dog are likely the cause of their symptoms. The best way to prevent a reaction would be to avoid these activities. c) Instruct the patient to keep a journal of when their allergic reactions occur and the activities that preceded the reactions. d) Educate the patient on corticosteroid sprays, which are the first-line treatment of allergic rhinitis and encourage use of these when symptoms appear.

c) Instruct the patient to keep a journal of when their allergic reactions occur and the activities that preceded the reactions.

Which of the following statements is true about Huntington's Disease? a) Huntington's disease affects women more than men across races. b) Huntington's disease only effects cognition. c) Onset of disease is usually between 35 and 45 years of age. d) Offspring of someone with Huntington's disease has a 25% risk of inheriting it.

c) Onset of disease is usually between 35 and 45 years of age.

A patient with a suspected brain tumor is experiencing the following symptoms: speech disturbance, inability to write, spatial disorders, and unilateral neglect. The RN recognizes that the tumor is most likely located in which lobe of the brain? a) Frontal lobe b) Occipital lobe c) Parietal lobe d) Temporal lobe

c) Parietal lobe

A nurse has a patient diagnosed with epilepsy. Upon entering the patient's room, the nurse notices the patient is removing their clothes and unresponsive to the nurse. The nurse recognizes what type of seizure this likely is and would question which medication prescribed from the doctor? a) The patient is experiencing an absence seizure and the doctor prescribed phenytoin. b) The patient is experiencing a clonic seizure and the doctor prescribed phenobarbital. c) The patient is experiencing a complex focal seizure and the doctor prescribed clonazepam. d) The patient is experiencing a complex focal seizure and the doctor has prescribed pregabalin.

c) The patient is experiencing a complex focal seizure and the doctor prescribed clonazepam.

(What is the most effective way in treating cor pulmonale?) a) Providing O2 via face mask continuously b) Administer analgesics for pain when needed c) Treating the underlying the pulmonary issue d) Bronchodilators administered prophylactically

c) Treating the underlying the pulmonary issue

Antiviral drugs used to treat influenza work by which mechanism of action? a) inhibiting cell wall synthesis b) lysing the viral cell wall c) preventing the virus from releasing and spreading to other cells d) dissolving the protein coat

c) preventing the virus from releasing and spreading to other cells

Patient has come back after initial diagnosis of Lung Cancer for further testing and staging. After tests are complete, the provider informs the nurse that the patient will be diagnosed with Small Cell Lung Cancer, the nurse should intervene if the provider says: a)"We will not be staging this patient with the I-IV format due to the specific type of lung cancer." b)"The patient's scans show the tumor has spread beyond limited and will be categorized as extensive." c)"Based off of testing this patient is at stage IIIA, the tumor has spread to their chest wall and nearby lymph nodes." d)"Due to the aggressive nature, surgery is not an option for this patient."

c)"Based off of testing this patient is at stage IIIA, the tumor has spread to their chest wall and nearby lymph nodes."

You have provided discharge teaching for your patient who has recently been diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? a) "I will need to begin exercising regularly." b) "I should avoid drinking coffee." c) "I will not abruptly quit taking my beta-blockers." d) "Chest pain is expected and I don't need to call my doctor if this occurs."

d) "Chest pain is expected and I don't need to call my doctor if this occurs."

A nurse realizes that further teaching is necessary when a patient recently diagnosed with systemic exertion intolerance disease makes this statement a) "I should follow a graduated exercise program and be aware that strenuous exercise can make me more tired" b) "I should try to avoid total rest whenever I am fatigued" c) "I should include foods high in fiber and dark colored fruits and vegetables in my diet" d) "I can expect this disease to be treated right after I start taking medication"

d) "I can expect this disease to be treated right after I start taking medication"

You are teaching a patient newly diagnosed with osteoarthritis about pain management techniques. Which statement made by the patient would require further teaching? a) "I can use acetaminophen and/or NSAIDs to help control my pain." b) "Heat and cold applications may help to decrease my discomfort." c) "I should avoid immobilization of the affected joint for more than one week." d) "OTC products such as capsaicin cream, camphor, and eucalyptus oil may provide long term pain relief."

d) "OTC products such as capsaicin cream, camphor, and eucalyptus oil may provide long term pain relief."

Which of these is a complication that can occur with Huntington's disease? a) Suicide b) Pneumonia c) Malnutrition d) All of the above are complications of Huntington's Disease

d) All of the above are complications of Huntington's Disease

You are assigned to care for a patient with a decreased LOC, the patient is A&O x1, and has an NG tube in place. What is this patient most at risk for? a) Necrotizing Pneumonia. b) Opportunistic Pneumonia. c) Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia. d) Aspiration Pneumonia.

d) Aspiration Pneumonia.

Which of the following is true of cauda equina syndrome? a) Decreased urinary output b) Decreased heart rate c) Provider should be called to ensure conservative therapy starts immediately d) Bowel and bladder incontinence

d) Bowel and bladder incontinence

If a patient experienced a stroke on the right side of his/her brain, what signs would not be present. a) Spatial-perceptual deficits b) Impaired judgment c) Impaired time concepts d) Impaired comprehension related to language, and math

d) Impaired comprehension related to language, and math

You are caring for a patient with hypertension who is currently displaying symptoms. Which symptom would concern you most? a) Fatigue b) Angina c) Palpitations d) Nosebleeds

d) Nosebleeds

You work as a registered nurse (RN) in an outpatient cardiology clinic. A new patient comes in presenting with peripheral edema, jugular venous distention (JVD), and a distended abdomen with a palpable liver. This objective data is consistent with the patient's diagnosis of? a) Infective endocarditis b) Peripheral artery disease c) Left-sided heart failure d) Right-sided heart failures

d) Right-sided heart failures

A 60-year-old patient with larynx cancer is receiving radiation therapy. He has oral ulcerations and thick saliva, what should the nurse instruct the patient? a) Brush teeth often with a new, stiff toothbrush to remove bacteria from oral cavity b) Skip flossing teeth until ulcerations have healed to prevent further damage c) Use an alcohol-based mouthwash several times a day d) Use a fluoride gel to prevent dental deterioration caused by xerostomia.

d) Use a fluoride gel to prevent dental deterioration caused by xerostomia.

Your patient with a pulmonary embolism asks you what could have caused it. As a nurse, you know that a majority of pulmonary emboli arise from: a. Tumors b. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) c. Pulmonary infarction d. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

d. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)