Final Exam
call
Functions are ideal for use in menu-driven programs. When a user selects a menu item, the program can ________ the appropriate function.
scores [2]
Given the following declaration, where is 77 stored in the scores array? int scores[ ]={83, 62, 77, 97};
header
If a function does not have a prototype, default arguments may be specified in the function ________.
True
If an array is partially initialized, the uninitialized elements will be set to zero.
false
If you attempt to store data past an array's boundaries, it is guaranteed that the compiler will issue an error. (T/F)
null statement
If you place a semicolon after the test expression in a while loop, it is assumed to be a(n):
for
If you want a user to enter exactly 20 values, which loop would be the best to use?
initialization
In a for statement, this expression is executed only once.
True
One reason for using functions is to break programs into manageable units, or modules.
post-test
The do-while loop is considered a(n) ________ loop.
at least once
The statements in the body of a while loop may never be executed, whereas the statements in the body of a do-while loop will be executed:
fstream
To allow file access in a program, you must #include this header file
name
To pass an array as an argument to a function, pass the ________ of the array.
ifstream
To read data from a file, you define an object of this data type.
4
What is the last legal subscript that can be used with the following array? int values[5];
55
What will the following code display? int numbers[ ] = {99, 87, 66, 55, 101 }; cout << numbers[3] << endl;
False
When a function is called, flow of control moves to the function's prototype.
False
You must furnish an argument with a function call.
a nested loop
A loop that is inside another loop is called:
true
A while loop's body can contain multiple statements, as long as they are enclosed in braces. (T/F)
initialization list
A(n) ________ can be used to specify the starting values of an array.
linear
A(n) ________ search uses a loop to sequentially step through an array.
True
An individual array element can be processed like any other type of C++ variable.
buffer
A file _________ is a small holding section of memory that file-bound information is first written to.
update
A for statement contains three expressions: initialization, test, and:
definition
A function ________ contains the statements that make up the function.
prototype
A function __________ eliminates the need to place a function definition before all calls to the function.
False
A local variable and a global variable may not have the same name within the same program.
one
A two-dimensional array can have elements of _________ data type(s).
default
A(n) _________ argument is passed to a parameter when the actual argument is left out of the function call.
for loop
An array can easily be stepped through by using a:
False
Assume array1 and array2 are the names of arrays. To assign the contents of array2 to array1, you would use the following statement.
outFile << number;
Assuming outFile is a file stream object and number is a variable, which statement writes the contents of number to the file associated with outFile?
from lowest to highest value
Data that is sorted in ascending order is ordered
True
Each individual element of an array can be accessed by the array name and an element number, called a subscript.
call
Functions are ideal for use in menu-driven programs. When a user selects a menu item, the program can ________ the appropriate function.
elements
The individual values contained in array are known as
False
The scope of a variable declared in a for loop's initialization expression always extends beyond the body of the loop.
static local
The value in a(n) _______ variable persists between function calls.
True
You may use the exit( ) function to terminate a program, regardless of which control mechanism is executing.
the same data type
An array can store a group of values, but the values must be
the same data type
An array can store a group of values, but the values must be:
string names[5];
An array of string objects that will hold 5 names would be declared using which statement?
illegal in C++
An array with no elements is
constant integer expression, zero
An array's size declarator must be a(n)_________ with a value greater than _________.
False
Local variables are initialized to zero by default.
int
Look at the following function prototype. int myFunction(double); What is the data type of the funtion's return value
E) none of these
Regardless of the algorithm being used, a search through an array is always performed A) from lowest to highest element B) from highest to lowest element C) beginning with the middle element D) using a binary search E) None of these
static local
The value in a(n) ________ variable persists between function calls.
static
The value in this type of local variable persists between function calls.
a statement or block that is repeated as long as the expression is true
The while loop has two important parts: an expression that is tested for a true or false value, and:
default
These types of arguments are passed to parameters automatically if no argument is provided in the function call.
function
This is a collection of statements that performs a specific task.
stub
This is a dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents.
while
This is a pre-test loop that is ideal in situations where you do not want the loop to iterate if the condition is false from the beginning.
sentinel
This is a special value that marks the end of a list of values.
counter
This is a variable that is regularly incremented or decremented each time a loop iterates.
for
This loop is a good choice when you know how many times you want the loop to iterate in advance of entering the loop.
stream insertion operator
This may be used to write information to a file.
increment
This means to increase a value by one.
prefix increment
This operator increments the value of its operand, then uses the value in context.
Subscript
To access an array element, use the array name and the element's:
ofstream
To write data to a file, you define an object of this data type
false
True/False: Although two-dimensional arrays are a novel idea, there is no known way to pass one to a function.
false
True/False: An array initialization list must be placed on one single line.
true
True/False: Each individual element of an array can be accessed by the array name and an element number, called a subscript.
true
True/False: The amount of memory used by an array depends upon the array's data type and the number of elements in the array.
false
True/False: The bubble sort is an easy way to arrange data into ascending order, but it cannot arrange data into descending order.
arrays
Unlike regular variables, these can hold multiple values.
True
When you pass an array as an argument to a function, the function can modify the contents of the array.
variable
You may define a __________ in the initialization expression of a for loop.
False
You may nest while and do-while loops, but you may not nest for loops.
False
You may not use the break and continue statements within the same set of nested loops.
global
A ________ variable is declared outside all functions.
closes a file
Assuming dataFile is a file stream object, the statement dataFile.close();
post-test
The do-while loop is considered a(n) _________ loop
pre-test
The while loop is this type of loop
int array[10]
Which of the following is a valid C++ array definition?
global
A ___________ variable is declared outside all functions.
opened
A file must be ________ before data can be written to or read from it.
rows, columns
A two-dimensional array can be viewed as ________ and ________.
initialized, declared
Arrays may be ________ at the time they are ________.
subscript
By using the same ________ you can build relationships between data stored in two or more arrays
data type(s) of the parameters data type of the return value the name of function names of parameter variables
In a function header, you must furnish:
legal in C++
It is ________ to pass an argument to a function that contains an individual array element, such as numbers[3].
document
It is a good programming practice to ____________ your functions by writing comments that describe what they do.
True
It is not considered good programming practice to declare all of your variables globally.
true
It is not considered good programming practice to declare all of your variables globally. (T/F)
infinite loop
Something within a while loop must eventually cause the condition to become false, or a(n) __________ results.
begins with 0
Subscript numbering in C++
null terminator
The ________ is automatically appended to a character array when it is initialized with a string constant.
null terminator
The ______________ is automatically appended to a character array when it is initialized with a string constant.
simplicity
The advantage of a linear search is its ____________.
post-test
The do-while loop is a __________ loop that is ideal in situations where you always want the loop to iterate at least once.
exit()
This function causes a program to terminate, regardless of which function or control mechanism is executing
break
This statement causes a loop to terminate early.
continue
This statement may be used to stop a loop's current iteration and begin the next one
subscript
To access an array element, use the array name and the element's
prefix
When the increment operator precedes its operand, as in ++num1, the expression is in this mode.
reference
When used as parameters, these types of variables allow a function to access the parameter's original argument.