FINAL FUNDAMENTALS (masterpiece)

A nurse is establishing a therapeutic relationship with a client who has hallucinations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take during the orientation phase? A. Identify the client's perception of the reason for therapy B. Ask the client to provide a detailed description of the hallucinations C. Assist the client with the development of problem-solving skills D. Explore the client's relationship with family members

Correct Answer: A. Identify the client's perception of the reason for therapy

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a vest restraint. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Fasten the ties on the restraint to the side rails of the bed. B. Tie the restraint with a quick-release knot. C. Allow a fingerbreadth between the restraint and the client's chest. D. Place the restraint under the client's clothing.

Correct Answer: B. Tie the restraint with a quick-release knot.

A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who had a myocardial infarction. The client states, "All this equipment is making me nervous." Which of the following responses should the nurse offer? A. "You won't need the equipment for very long." B. "All of this equipment can be frightening." C. "Why does the equipment bother you?" D. "Let me tell you about what each machine does."

Correct Answer: B. "All of this equipment can be frightening."

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a vaginal hysterectomy and asks for a drink. Her postoperative diet prescription states "clear liquids; advance diet as tolerated." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Lunch trays should be here within the hour." B. "I am going to listen to your abdomen." C. "I'll get you some water to drink." D. "Let's wait a bit so you don't feel sick."

Correct Answer: B. "I am going to listen to your abdomen."

A nurse is caring for a client who has injuries resulting from a motor-vehicle crash. Which of the following client statements should the nurse address first? A. "I'm afraid this injury will cause me to lose my job." B. "I can't sleep well because whenever I move in my sleep, the pain wakes me up." C. "I don't know what I will do if my car isn't safe or even drivable after the crash." D. "I wonder how I am going to be able to take care of my family."

Correct Answer: B. "I can't sleep well because whenever I move in my sleep, the pain wakes me up."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult client about personal safety. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will have the steps to my house painted a dark color." B. "I will put a night-light in the hallway." C. "I will put on socks when I get out of bed." D. "I will secure any wires in my home under rugs."

Correct Answer: B. "I will put a night-light in the hallway."

A nurse is preparing to insert an NG tube for a client who requires enteral feedings. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client before beginning the procedure? A. "Inhale forcefully during insertion." B. "Raise your index finger if you need to pause during the insertion." C. "Bear down during insertion." D. "Avoid making any swallowing motions during the insertion."

Correct Answer: B. "Raise your index finger if you need to pause during the insertion."

A nurse is providing postoperative discharge teaching to a client following a panhysterectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You will need to continue to use some form of birth control for 6 months." B. "You might experience manifestations of menopause." C. "Do not lift anything heavier than 15 lb." D. "Pain or burning with urination is an expected outcome of this surgery."

Correct Answer: B. "You might experience manifestations of menopause."

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a long-term care facility. The nurse should understand that which of the following clients is eligible for hospice services at this time? A. A client who has multiple sclerosis and uses a wheelchair B. A client who has end-stage cirrhosis C. A client who has hemiplegia due to a stroke D. A client who has cancer and receives weekly radiation therapy

Correct Answer: B. A client who has end-stage cirrhosis

A nurse on an oncology unit receives report at the beginning of her shift about 4 clients who are postoperative. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first? A. A client who is 1 day postoperative following a lobectomy for small-cell carcinoma and has a chest tube with 35 mL/hr of bright red, bloody drainage B. A client who is 2 days postoperative following a colectomy due to colorectal cancer and has an ostomy bag full of bright red, bloody drainage C. A client who is 2 days postoperative following the excision of an abdominal mass and has a portable wound suction device with 20 mL/hr of serosanguinous drainage D. A client who is 1 day postoperative following the excision of a bladder wall tumor and prostate and has continuous bladder irrigation with 300 mL/hr reddish-pink urine

Correct Answer: B. A client who is 2 days postoperative following a colectomy due to colorectal cancer and has an ostomy bag full of bright red, bloody drainage

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a long-term care facility. One of the clients is walking along the hallway and bumping into walls and does not respond to his name. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Offer the client a nutritious snack B. Accompany the client back to his room C. Reorient the client to his surroundings D. Administer a PRN antianxiety medication

Correct Answer: B. Accompany the client back to his room

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit observes smoke billowing from a client's room. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Close the door to the client's room. B. Evacuate the client from the room. C. Sound the fire alarm. D. Activate the fire extinguisher.

Correct Answer: B. Evacuate the client from the room.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client about a surgical procedure that she is scheduled for later in the day. The client states that no one has spoken to her about the procedure before. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Continue the teaching, but check afterward with the surgeon about informed consent. B. Stop the teaching and check with the surgeon about informed consent. C. Stop the teaching and ask the client to sign an informed consent form. D. Continue the teaching and check the client's medical record afterward for a signed consent form.

Correct Answer: B. Stop the teaching and check with the surgeon about informed consent.

A nurse is caring for a client who was voluntarily admitted to an inpatient mental health facility for treatment of major depressive disorder. After initially consenting to deep brain stimulation, the client says he does not want to have the procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Explain that the provider is highly proficient in this therapy. B. Tell the client that he has the right to refuse the procedure. C. Explain that deep brain stimulation is a promising therapy for major depression. D. Remind the client that agreeing to admission means the provider can proceed with the treatment.

Correct Answer: B. Tell the client that he has the right to refuse the procedure.

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse consider when planning care that is culturally congruent? A. Illness is not influenced by culture. B. The meaning of disease can vary widely across cultures. C. Assigning clients to specific cultural categories facilitates communication. D. Predetermined criteria should generate client care activities.

Correct Answer: B. The meaning of disease can vary widely across cultures.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a vest restraint. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Fasten the ties on the restraint to the side rails of the bed. B. Tie the restraint with a quick-release knot. C. Allow a fingerbreadth between the restraint and the client's chest. D. Place the restraint under the client's clothing

Correct Answer: B. Tie the restraint with a quick-release knot.

A nurse in a provider's clinic is taking a client's age, height, weight, and vital signs. The nurse should identify this action as part of which of the following components of the nursing process? A. Planning B. Evaluation C. Assessment D. Implementation

Correct Answer: C. Assessment

A nurse is caring for a client who has a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. A dietary assistant asks the nurse what precautions are necessary for entering the client's room with the lunch tray. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the dietary assistant? A. Don a gown before entering the room and remove it before exiting. B. Wear a mask while in the client's room. C. Don gloves when entering the room and use hand sanitizer when exiting. D. Take no special precautions unless engaging in direct contact with the client.

Correct Answer: C. Don gloves when entering the room and use hand sanitizer when exiting.

A nurse is working with the facility's language interpreter to explain a wound-care procedure to a client who does not speak the same language as the nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when describing the procedure to the client? A. Make eye contact with the interpreter. B. Break sentences into shorter segments to allow time for interpretation. C. Ensure the interpreter and the client speak the same dialect. D. Speak in a loud tone of voice.

Correct Answer: C. Ensure the interpreter and the client speak the same dialect.

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and is at risk of falling. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assign the client to a private room B. Keep 4 side rails up while the client is in bed C. Monitor the client at least once every hour D. Request a PRN prescription for restraints

Correct Answer: C. Monitor the client at least once every hour

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who does not speak the same language as the nurse. The client's neighbor, who speaks both the client's native language and the nurse's, arrives to drive the client home. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Ask the client's neighbor to call a family member to interpret. B. Ask the client's neighbor to translate the information. C. Obtain the services of an interpreter. D. Document the inability to provide discharge instructions.

Correct Answer: C. Obtain the services of an interpreter.

A nurse is assessing a client's peripheral pulses. Which of the following descriptions should the nurse use to document the findings? A. Peripheral pulses equal bilaterally at a rate of 60/min B. Radial, brachial, and pedal pulses bilaterally weak C. Peripheral pulses bilaterally symmetric, equal, and strong in all 4 extremities D. Brachial, radial, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis pulses regular, 58, and bilaterally palpable

Correct Answer: C. Peripheral pulses bilaterally symmetric, equal, and strong in all 4 extremities

A nurse is caring for a client who has an impairment of cranial nerve II. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform to promote the client's safety? A. Initiate seizure precautions. B. Ensure the client receives a soft diet. C. Provide an obstacle-free path for ambulation. D. Instruct the client to use lukewarm water when showering.

Correct Answer: C. Provide an obstacle-free path for ambulation.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is violent and attempting to disconnect her IV lines. The provider prescribes soft wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take while the client is in restraints? A. Tie the restraints to the side rails. B. Perform range-of-motion exercises to the wrists every 3 hr. C. Remove the restraints one at a time. D. Obtain a PRN prescription for the restraints.

Correct Answer: C. Remove the restraints one at a time.

A nurse is reviewing the correct use of a fire extinguisher with a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse direct the client to take first? A. Aim the hose at the base of the fire. B. Squeeze the handle of the extinguisher. C. Remove the safety pin from the extinguisher. D. Sweep the hose from side to side to dispense material.

Correct Answer: C. Remove the safety pin from the extinguisher.

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the terminal stage of cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when she observes the client crying? A. Contact the family and ask someone to stay with the client B. Offer to call the client's minister C. Sit and hold the client's hand D. Leave the room and allow the client to cry privately

Correct Answer: C. Sit and hold the client's hand

A nurse is planning care for a client who reports abdominal pain. An assessment by the nurse reveals the client has a temperature of 39.2°C (102.6°F), a heart rate of 105/min, a soft nontender abdomen, and menses overdue by 2 days. Which of the following findings should be the nurse's priority? A. Heart rate of 105/min B. Soft nontender abdomen C. Temperature D. Overdue menseS

Correct Answer: C. Temperature

A nurse is planning care for a client who reports abdominal pain. An assessment by the nurse reveals the client has a temperature of 39.2°C (102.6°F), a heart rate of 105/min, a soft nontender abdomen, and menses overdue by 2 days. Which of the following findings should be the nurse's priority? A. Heart rate of 105/min B. Soft nontender abdomen C. Temperature D. Overdue menses

Correct Answer: C. Temperature

A nurse is teaching a client who is using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump to deliver morphine for pain management. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A. "I'll limit pushing the button so I don't get an overdose." B. "If I push the button and still have pain after 2 minutes, I'll push it again." C. "I'll ask my niece to push the button when I am sleeping." D. "I can still use my transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit while I'm pushing the PCA button."

Correct Answer: D. "I can still use my transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit while I'm pushing the PCA button."

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who becomes agitated when the nurse requests that the client's dentures be removed prior to surgery. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. "It's for your safety. Dentures can slip and block your airway during surgery." B. "You wouldn't want your teeth to be lost or broken during surgery, would you?" C. "The anesthesiologist requires all clients to remove their dentures." D. "What worries you about being without your teeth?"

Correct Answer: D. "What worries you about being without your teeth?"

A nurse in an urgent-care center is caring for a 15-year-old client whose symptoms suggest a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The client's parent is unavailable, but the client's grandmother accompanied the client to the clinic. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Explain that the treatment can wait until the parent is available. B. Inform the grandmother that she may give consent for the treatment. C. Invoke the principle of implied consent and prepare the client for treatment. D. Ask the adolescent to sign the consent form.

Correct Answer: D. Ask the adolescent to sign the consent form.

A nurse is caring for an adult client who has alcohol use disorder. Today, the client states she is refusing further treatment and is leaving the mental health facility. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Request a prescription for restraints from the provider. B. Ask security to lock the unit's exit doors. C. Notify the client's family members of the client's intent to leave. D. Ask the client to sign an against medical advice (AMA) form.

Correct Answer: D. Ask the client to sign an against medical advice (AMA) form.

A nurse is taking a client's vital signs. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as outside the expected reference range? A. Pulse rate 90/min B. Rectal temperature 38°C (100.4°F) C. Pulse oximetry 95% D. BP 145/90 mmHg

Correct Answer: D. BP 145/90 mmHg

A nurse is caring for a client who has terminal cancer. The client is proceeding with plans to build a new home. The nurse should identify that this behavior typically indicates which of the following stages of grief? A. Acceptance B. Bargaining C. Anger D. Denial

Correct Answer: D. Denial

A nurse is caring for a client who is unstable and has vital signs measured every 15 minutes by an electronic blood pressure machine. The nurse notices the machine begins to measure the blood pressure at varied intervals, and the readings are inconsistent. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Turn on the machine every 15 min to measure the client's blood pressure. B. Record only the blood pressure readings needed for 15-min intervals. C. Obtain manual and automatic readings and compare them. D. Disconnect the machine and measure the blood pressure manually every 15 min.

Correct Answer: D. Disconnect the machine and measure the blood pressure manually every 15 min.

While admitting a client to the medical unit, the nurse asks him if he has advanced directives. The client states, "I have a document with me that names someone who can make health care decisions for me if I am not able." The nurse should identify that the client is referring to which of the following documents? A. Informed consent form B. Living will document C. Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) directive D. Durable power of attorney document

Correct Answer: D. Durable power of attorney document

A nurse is discussing fire safety with newly hired nurses. Which of the following actions is the priority if a fire occurs in the health care facility? A. Close the fire doors on the unit B. Use a fire extinguisher on the fire C. Pull the nearest fire alarm D. Evacuate clients from the unit

Correct Answer: D. Evacuate clients from the unit

A nurse is caring for a client who has a hearing impairment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use when speaking with the client? A. Speak directly into the client's impaired ear B. Exaggerate lip movements C. Speak loudly D. Face the client when speaking

Correct Answer: D. Face the client when speaking

A nurse is caring for a client who begins having a tonic-clonic seizure while sitting in a chair at the bedside. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Provide oxygen B. Place the client in a side-lying position C. Provide privacy D. Lower the client to the floor

Correct Answer: D. Lower the client to the floor

A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for a hysterectomy for transport to the operating room. The client states she no longer wants to have the surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Tell the client it is too late for her to change her mind because the surgery is already scheduled. B. Telephone the operating room and cancel the surgery. C. Inform the client's family about the situation. D. Notify the provider of the client's decision.

Correct Answer: D. Notify the provider of the client's decision.

A nurse is caring for a client who requires wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Tie a secure knot with the restraint straps B. Attach the restraints' straps to the bedside rails C. Make sure 3 fingers fit beneath the restraints D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr

Correct Answer: D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr

A nurse is caring for a client who requires wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Tie a secure knot with the restraint straps B. Attach the restraints' straps to the bedside rails C. Make sure 3 fingers fit beneath the restraints D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr Check Answer

Correct Answer: D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr

A nurse is caring for a client who was transferred to the surgical unit by stretcher from the PACU. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform immediately following the transfer? A. Administer pain medication B. Check the client's vital signs C. Instruct the client to use the incentive spirometer every 1 hr D. Provide ice chips as per provider prescription

Correct Answer: B. Check the client's vital signs

A nurse is preparing to assess the function of the client's trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). Which of the following items should the nurse gather for the test? A. Sugar B. Coffee C. Cotton wisps D. Snellen chart

Correct Answer: C. Cotton wisps

A nurse is caring for an adult client who is grieving following the death of a loved one. Which of the following factors increases the client's risk of developing complicated grief? A. The deceased was a close friend. B. The client lived far from the deceased. C. The death was sudden. D. The client has not visited the deceased in a long time.

Correct Answer: C. The death was sudden.

A nurse is assisting a client who has right-sided weakness while ambulating using a cane. Which of the following client actions should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the procedure of cane walking? A. The client holds the cane on the affected side B. The client advances the unaffected leg followed by the cane C. The client supports his weight on the unaffected leg when moving the cane forward D. The client keeps 2 points of support on the ground

Correct Answer: D. The client keeps 2 points of support on the ground

A nurse in a long-term care facility is admitting a client who is incontinent and smells strongly of urine. His partner, who has been caring for him at home, is embarrassed and apologizes for the smell. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "A lot of clients who are cared for at home have the same problem." B. "Don't worry about it. He will get a bath, and that will take care of the odor." C. "It must be difficult to care for someone who is confined to bed." D. "When was the last time that he had a bath?"

correct Answer: C. "It must be difficult to care for someone who is confined to bed."

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is resistant to learning how to self-inject insulin. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "Tell me what I can do to help you overcome your fear of giving yourself injections." B. "Your provider will not be pleased that you refuse to give yourself insulin injections." C. "It's okay. I'm sure your partner will be able to learn how to give you the insulin injections." D. "You won't be able to go home unless you learn to give yourself insulin injections."

Correct Answer: A. "Tell me what I can do to help you overcome your fear of giving yourself injections."

A nurse is assessing a client for conductive hearing loss. When using the Rinne test, which of the following results should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has conductive hearing loss of the left ear? A. Air conduction is less than bone conduction in the left ear. B. Air conduction is greater than bone conduction in the left ear. C. Sound is lateralizing to the right ear. D. Sound is lateralizing to the left ear.

Correct Answer: A. Air conduction is less than bone conduction in the left ear.

A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has asthma and reports several food allergies. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Document the client's food allergies in the medical record B. Ask the client to identify the specific food allergies C. Monitor the client for indications of anaphylaxis D. Have epinephrine available for administratio

Correct Answer: B. Ask the client to identify the specific food allergies

A nurse is planning to obtain the vital signs of a 2-year-old child who is experiencing diarrhea and may have a right ear infection. Which of the following routes should the nurse use to obtain the child's temperature? A. Rectal B. Tympanic C. Oral D. Temporal

Correct Answer: D. Temporal

A nurse is witnessing a client sign an informed consent form for surgery. What is the nurse affirming by this action? A. The client fully understands the provider's explanation of the procedure. B. The client has been informed about the risks and benefits of the procedure. C. The nurse witnessed the provider's explanation of the procedure. D. The signature on the preoperative consent form is the client's.

Correct Answer: D. The signature on the preoperative consent form is the client's.

A nurse is preparing to change the bed linens of a client who has AIDS and is incontinent of stool. Which of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) items should the nurse don prior to providing client care? (Select all that apply.) A. Gown B. Gloves C. Mask D. Hair cover E. Goggles

Correct Answers: A. Gown B. Gloves

During a client care staff meeting, a nurse manager discusses potential problems with data security that affect confidential client information. Which of the following environments should the nurse manager identify as an acceptable place for discussing clients' information? A. Areas with no public access B. Outside the door of a client's room C. In the cafeteria during break D. In the hallway near the nurses' station

Correct Answer: A. Areas with no public access

A nurse is using the I-SBAR communication tool to give a client's provider information about the client. The nurse should convey this client's pain status in which portion of the report? A. Assessment B. Background C. Situation D. Recommendation

Correct Answer: A. Assessment

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first after discovering that the client's wound has eviscerated? A. Cover the incision with a moist sterile dressing B. Have the client lie on his back with his knees flexed C. Call the client's surgeon D. Reassure the client

Correct Answer: A. Cover the incision with a moist sterile dressing

A nurse is planning care for a client who is confused and requires a prescription for wrist restraints. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Renew the prescription for the use of restrains within 24 hr B. Secure the restraint with the buckle side next to the client's skin C. Ensure 4 fingers can be inserted under the secured restraint D. Remove the restraint every 3 hr

Correct Answer: A. Renew the prescription for the use of restrains within 24 hr

A nurse is performing a neurological assessment of a client. To promote safety during the examination, the nurse stands nearby as the client follows the instructions for which of the following tests? A. Romberg B. Kinesthetic sensation C. 2-point discrimination D. Weber

Correct Answer: A. Romberg

A nurse is assessing a client who is unconscious. Family members are present and answer the nurse's questions about the client's medical history. The nurse should document this information as which of the following types of data? A. Secondary-source data B. Experiential data C. Primary-source data D. Quantitative data

Correct Answer: A. Secondary-source data

A nurse is caring for a client who has severe anxiety disorder and is in a state of panic in the dayroom. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Speak to the client in a calm voice B. Leave the client alone to regain control C. Encourage the client to express her feelings D. Place the client in restraints

Correct Answer: A. Speak to the client in a calm voice

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dysrhythmias. Upon entering the room, the nurse discovers the client is unresponsive to verbal or painful stimuli, has no respirations, and is pulseless. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Start chest compressions B. Provide breaths with a manual resuscitation bag C. Administer oxygen D. Establish an airway

Correct Answer: A. Start chest compressions

A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a straight-legged cane. Which of the following client actions indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. The client holds the cane on the unaffected side. B. The client walks by stepping with the unaffected leg before the affected leg. C. The client holds the cane directly next to the foot D. The client holds the cane with a straight elbow

Correct Answer: A. The client holds the cane on the unaffected side.

A nurse is planning to administer pain medication to a client following abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Use the pain scale to determine the client's pain level B. Discuss the adverse effects of pain medication with the client C. Obtain the client's vital signs D. Check the client's allergies

Correct Answer: A. Use the pain scale to determine the client's pain level

A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has asthma and reports several food allergies. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Document the client's food allergies in the medical record B. Ask the client to identify the specific food allergies C. Monitor the client for indications of anaphylaxis D. Have epinephrine available for administration

Correct Answer: B. Ask the client to identify the specific food allergies

A nurse is collecting a specimen for culture from a client's infected wound. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform? A. Wear sterile gloves when collecting the specimen B. Cleanse the wound with 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation C. Allow the collection swab to absorb old exudate D. Rotate the collection swab over the edges of the wound

Correct Answer: B. Cleanse the wound with 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness. The client asks several questions about the nurse's religious beliefs related to death and dying. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Change the topic because the client is trying to divert attention from the illness B. Encourage the client to express thoughts about death and dying C. Tell the client that religious beliefs are a personal matter D. Offer to contact the client's minister or the facility's chaplain

Correct Answer: B. Encourage the client to express thoughts about death and dying

A nurse is communicating with a group of clients about what to expect during the postoperative phase of a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following elements of the communication process should the nurse identify as an evaluation of effective communication? A. The motivation for communication is evident. B. Feedback is provided. C. A message is communicated to the group of clients. D. Multiple channels are used by the sender.

Correct Answer: B. Feedback is provided.

A nurse is assessing a client who reports nausea and vomiting for 2 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit? A. Decreased urine specific gravity B. Increased heart rate C. Decreased hematocrit D. Increased skin turgor

Correct Answer: B. Increased heart rate

A nurse is measuring a client's vital signs. The client's resting radial pulse rate is 55/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next? A. Document the finding B. Measure the client's apical pulse rate C. Talk with the client about factors that can affect the pulse rate D. Notify the provider about the client's radial pulse rate

Correct Answer: B. Measure the client's apical pulse rate

A nurse is changing the dressings for a client who has 2 Penrose drains near an abdominal incision. Which of the following adhering devices is the best choice for the nurse to use to decrease skin irritation? A. Abdominal binder B. Montgomery straps C. Hypoallergenic tape D. Plastic tape

Correct Answer: B. Montgomery straps

A client who reports shortness of breath requests the nurse's help in changing positions. After repositioning the client, which of the following actions should the nurse take next? A. Encourage the client to take deep breaths B. Observe the rate, depth, and character of the client's respirations C. Prepare to administer oxygen D. Give the client a back rub to promote relaxation

Correct Answer: B. Observe the rate, depth, and character of the client's respirations

A nurse is measuring a client's vital signs. The client's heart rate is 105/min. The nurse should document this finding as which of the following alterations? A. Palpitation B. Bradycardia C. Tachycardia D. Dysrhythmia

Correct Answer: C. Tachycardia Tachycardia is a heart rate over 100/min in adults.

A nurse is teaching a client who has schizophrenia about involuntary commitment. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? A. "My family cannot commit me because I am homeless." B. "Even when I'm calm, I'll be forced to take psychotropic medication." C. "At least 2 doctors must support the commitment application." D. "I am afraid the doctors will make me have surgery."

Correct Answer: C. "At least 2 doctors must support the commitment application."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has developed neutropenia. Which of the following statements indicates that the client needs further instructions? A. "I'll keep an antibacterial hand gel in my purse." B. "My partner will have to take care of the cat's litter boxes for a while." C. "I'm planning a large gathering of friends and family for the holidays." D. "I will eat canned fruits and vegetables."

Correct Answer: C. "I'm planning a large gathering of friends and family for the holidays."

A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client. Which of the following responses by the nurse reflects the communication technique of clarifying? A. "Now that we have talked about your medications, let's talk about your pain." B. "Are you having other symptoms?" C. "It sounds like your pain is intermittent." D. "It seems as though you have really had a rough time these past few weeks."

Correct Answer: C. "It sounds like your pain is intermittent."

An adolescent client in an outpatient mental health facility tells the nurse that he struggles to follow his treatment plans because his friends discourage him. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "Don't worry; teenagers often have friends who give bad advice." B. "I think you should stop seeing those friends since they discourage you from following your treatment plan." C. "Tell me more about how your friends discourage you." D. "Where did you meet these friends?" Check Answer

Correct Answer: C. "Tell me more about how your friends discourage you."

A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia at mealtimes. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assist the client into a semi-sitting position B. Have the client lean slightly backward C. Advise the client to tuck his chin downward D. Instruct the client to tilt his head slightly backward

Correct Answer: C. Advise the client to tuck his chin downward

A nurse discovers that a client received the wrong medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Complete a medication error report. B. Notify the prescribing provider. C. Assess the client. D. Notify the charge nurse.

Correct Answer: C. Assess the client.

A charge nurse is teaching adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following actions should the charge nurse teach as the first response in CPR? A. Call for assistance. B. Begin chest compressions. C. Confirm unresponsiveness. D. Give rescue breaths.

Correct Answer: C. Confirm unresponsiveness.

A nurse is caring for client who has terminal pancreatic cancer. When the client states, "It's devastating that I will not be here to see my child graduate," the nurse should identify that the client is in which of the following stages of grief as defined by Kubler-Ross? A. Anger B. Bargaining C. Depression D. Acceptance

Correct Answer: C. Depression

A nurse is caring for a client who just received a diagnosis of cancer. The client states, "I just don't know what I'm going to do now." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "In time you'll know the right thing to do." B. "I am sorry. Would you like me to call someone for you?" C. "There are multiple treatment options for you to consider." D. "Can you explain the concerns you're having right now?"

Correct Answer: D. "Can you explain the concerns you're having right now?"

A nurse is planning to insert a nasogastric tube for a client after explaining the procedure. The client states, "You are not putting that hose down my throat." Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "Let's get the process over with because you won't get better without this tube." B. "You should talk to your provider about your fears." C. "Why don't you want the tube inserted?" D. "I can see that this is upsetting you." Check Answer

Correct Answer: D. "I can see that this is upsetting you."

A nurse is caring for a client who requires a chest X-ray. Prior to the client being transported for the procedure, which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Explain the X-ray procedure to the client. B. Help the client into a wheelchair before the transporter arrives. C. Ask if the client has any questions. D. Identify the client using 2 identifiers.

Correct Answer: D. Identify the client using 2 identifiers.

A nurse is measuring a client's vital signs and notices an irregularity in the pulse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Measure the pulse using a Doppler ultrasound stethoscope B. Check the client's pedal pulses C. Count the apical pulse rate for 1 full min and describe the rhythm in the chart D. Take the pulse at each peripheral site and count the rate for 30 sec

correct Answer: C. Count the apical pulse rate for 1 full min and describe the rhythm in the chart

A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. The client has not stopped smoking cigarettes and states, "It's too late for me to quit." Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assist the client in finding local smoking-cessation assistance programs B. Tell the client that she will be all right after receiving medical care C. Inform the client that she must stop smoking or the provider will not be able to care for her D. Advocate for the client by supporting her statement about not quitting

Correct Answer: A. Assist the client in finding local smoking-cessation assistance programs

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has an indwelling urinary catheter for gravity drainage. The nurse notes no urine output in the past 2 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Check to determine if the catheter tubing is kinked B. Palpate the bladder C. Obtain a prescription to irrigate the catheter with 0.9% sodium chloride D. Encourage the client to drink more fluids

Correct Answer: A. Check to determine if the catheter tubing is kinked

A nurse is performing a neurological assessment for a client. By asking the client to stick out his tongue, which of the following cranial nerves is the nurse testing? A. Cranial nerve XII B. Cranial nerve X C. Cranial nerve VIII D. Cranial nerve V

Correct Answer: A. Cranial nerve XII

A nurse is receiving report on a client who has Clostridium difficile and is being transferred from another unit. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take? A. Place the client in a negative-airflow room. B. Clean the client's room with antibacterial disinfectant. C. Wear a mask when entering the client's room. D. Perform hand hygiene with nonantimicrobial soap and water after client care.

Correct Answer: D. Perform hand hygiene with nonantimicrobial soap and water after client care.

A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe without a cap on the table. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Recap the needle on the syringe. B. Schedule a nurse to administer future injections for this client. C. Explain to the client that the syringe should be disposed of in the bathroom trash can. D. Place the syringe in a puncture-proof disposal container.

Correct Answer: D. Place the syringe in a puncture-proof disposal container.

A nurse is teaching a group of unit nurses about the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. The Privacy Rule limits the client's rights to personal health information. B. The electronic transfer of information allows each provider to use his/her own electronic format for claim transactions. C. Standardized numbers can have a varied format for identifying health plans. D. The Security Rule provides a uniform level of security to protect client records.

Correct Answer: D. The Security Rule provides a uniform level of security to protect client records.

A nurse is preparing to change a dressing on a client who is receiving negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). What sequence of actions should the nurse plan to take? (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance. Use all the steps.) -Turn off the vacuum on the NPWT device and administer the prescribed analgesic. -Connect the tubing to transparent film and turn on the NPWT unit. -Apply a skin protectant or a barrier film to the skin around the wound. -Remove the soiled dressing and perform hand hygiene. -Place prepared foam into the wound bed and cover with a transparent dressing. -Apply sterile or clean gloves and irrigate the wound.

Step 1: The nurse should turn off the vacuum on the NPWT device to loosen the dressing and administer the prescribed analgesic. Step 2: The nurse should gently remove the soiled dressing and perform hand hygiene. Step 3: The nurse should apply sterile or clean gloves and irrigate the wound to remove debris. Step 4: The nurse should apply a skin protectant or a barrier film to the surrounding skin to ensure an airtight seal and protect the skin. Step 5: The nurse should place foam in the wound bed and cover it with a transparent dressing to provide an airtight seal. Step 6: The nurse should attach the drainage tube to the transparent dressing and turn on the NPWT unit. Step 7: The nurse should check for air leaks and patch the dressing as needed with transparent film.

A new resident provider asks the charge nurse for an access code to review clients' online records. The resident is not scheduled to attend the facility's orientation computer class until next week. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Explain that it is against policy to share access codes and refer the resident to his supervisor. B. Access the clients' online data and monitor the resident as he reads them. C. Access the online system and allow the resident to locate clients' data. D. Ask each client to give permission for the resident to access medical records.

Correct Answer: A. Explain that it is against policy to share access codes and refer the resident to his supervisor.

A nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure the provider will perform at the client's bedside. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Hold the sterile drape above the waist and away from the body B. Drop sterile objects toward the edges of the sterile field C. Hold packaged supplies 7.6 cm (3 in) above the sterile field D. Hold sterile objects over the field before setting them down on the field

Correct Answer: A. Hold the sterile drape above the waist and away from the body

A nurse is replacing the surgical dressings on a client who had abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Don clean gloves to remove the old dressing B. Loosen the dressing by pulling the tape away from the wound C. Remove the entire old dressing at once D. Open sterile supplies after applying sterile gloves

Correct Answer: A. Don clean gloves to remove the old dressing

A nurse is performing a neurological assessment for a client who has a brain tumor. Which of the following findings should indicate cranial nerve involvement? A. Dysphagia B. Positive Babinski sign C. Decreased deep-tendon reflexes D. Ataxia

Correct Answer: A. Dysphagia

A nurse is admitting a client who has decreased circulation in his left leg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Evaluate pedal pulses B. Obtain a medical history C. Measure vital signs D. Assess for leg pain

Correct Answer: A. Evaluate pedal pulses

A nurse delegates the collection of a client's temperature to an assistive personnel (AP). The nurse notes in the documentation that the AP obtained the client's axillary temperature; however, the nurse wanted an oral temperature. The nurse should identify that which of the following rights of delegation should have prevented this situation from occurring? A. Right task B. Right circumstance C. Right person D. Right communication

Correct Answer: D. Right communication

A nurse is caring for an adult client in the terminal stages of lung cancer who refuses any further treatment. The nurse should provide care that facilitates which of the following outcomes? A. Allows minimal treatment B. Benefits the client's family C. Offers hope for a cure D. Supports self-determination

Correct Answer: D. Supports self-determination

A nurse is working with an assistive personnel (AP) in a long-term care facility. According to the 5 rights of delegation, which of the following determinations should the nurse make prior to assigning tasks? A. Whether the AP has consented to the performance of delegated tasks B. The client's willingness to consent to care from the AP C. Whether the task can be more efficiently completed by the nurse D. The degree of supervision that the AP will require to complete the task

Correct Answer: D. The degree of supervision that the AP will require to complete the task

A nurse is witnessing a client sign an informed consent form for surgery. What is the nurse affirming by this action? A. The client fully understands the provider's explanation of the procedure. B. The client has been informed about the risks and benefits of the procedure. C. The nurse witnessed the provider's explanation of the procedure. D. The signature on the preoperative consent form is the client's

Correct Answer: D. The signature on the preoperative consent form is the client's.