final gastro

Which of the following are indicators of colorectal cancer? (Select all that apply.)

- Excessive flatulence - Cachexia -Cramps -Rectal bleeding -Anemia (all besides Constant diarrhea)

A client is preparing to undergo abdominal paracentesis. Which nursing interventions should be performed before the procedure? Select all that apply.

-Make sure informed consent was obtained. -Explain the procedure to the client. -Instruct the client to void.

A 53-year-old client undergoes colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. A polyp was removed during the procedure. Which nursing interventions are necessary when caring for the client immediately after colonoscopy?

-Observe the client closely for signs and symptoms of bowel perforation -Monitor vital signs frequently until they're stable -Inform the client that there may be blood in his stool and that he should report excessive blood immediately.

A client undergoes a barium swallow fluoroscopy that confirms gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Based on this diagnosis, the client should be instructed to take which action?

-Stop smoking. -Avoid caffeine and carbonated beverages. -Take antacids 1 hour and 3 hours after meals.

A client comes to the emergency department with suspected cholecystitis. Which data collection findings are characteristic of this diagnosis?

-Transient epigastric pain radiating to the back and right shoulder -Burning in the chest after eating fried foods -Flatulence -Nausea

Instruction for older adult patient to prevent constipation :

-addition of whole grain cereal. -cessation of laxative use. -eating fresh vegetables. -increase in liquid intake.

Abdominoperineal resection - 3 incisions will be present:

-on the abdomen -colostomy -perineum

A nurse caring for a client with small-bowel obstruction should plan to implement which nursing intervention first?

Administering I.V. fluids (IV infusions containing NS and K+ should be given first to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance)

A goal of medical treatment for patients with cirrhosis is to prevent complications and limit cell damage. A major approach is to promote rest. What rationale supports this approach?

Allows the liver to regenerate

A patient experiencing nausea reports to the nurse that she adds ginger root to her morning tea to calm her stomach. Which classification of medication in the patient history alerts the nurse to provide further education

Anticoagulants

A client, age 82, is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic GI condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the GI tract. Which age-related change increases the risk of anemia?

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa

Which dietary selection should lead the nurse to conclude that the dietary teaching is successful for a patient on a low-sodium diet

Baked chicken, white rice, and apple juice

Which food should be included in a client's diet during the first 6 to 8 weeks after ileostomy surgery

Banana

When assisting with the admission of a new resident to a long term care facility, a nurse notes a current history of peptic ulcer disease. What type of pain should the nurse expect the resident to describe?

Burning

Which factors may increase a patient's risk of developing cancer of the pancreas?

Cigarette smokers and people with diabetes mellitus

Which of the following is one of the primary symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Diarrhea

What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for a patient with a hiatal hernia to reduce the frequency of heartburn?

Eating small meals

The nurse assisting in the treatment of a patient with ruptured esophageal varices who has received vasopressin IV will carefully assess for:

Evidence of cardiac ischemia

One day after undergoing a traditional cholecystectomy, a client is scheduled to stand at the bedside and walk. What should a nurse teach the client to do before standing and walking for the first time after surgery?

Flex her legs when moving to a sitting position

What should a nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient after a laparoscopic procedure for cholelithiasis?

Follow a low-fat diet and take fat soluble vitamins

Which patient assessment indicates hyperglycemia with TPN feeding?

Increase of urine output

What should the nurse expect of a patient with a malabsorption of vitamin K?

Increased prothrombin time

When caring for a client with hepatitis B, the nurse should monitor closely for the development of which finding associated with a decrease in hepatic function?

Irritability and drowsiness

A client seeks medical attention after developing acute abdominal pain. Which action by the nurse would help ensure accurate auscultation of the client's bowel sounds?

Making sure the client's bladder is empty before auscultating

Which nursing measure takes priority in relation to the care of a patient with a gastroesophageal balloon tube?

Monitor respiratory status

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition(TPN).Which nursing action is most appropriate to implement?

Monitor the temperature for elevation

Why is morphine contraindicated in the patient with pancreatitis?

Morphine may cause spasms of the sphincter of Oddi.

A patient who is being evaluated for episodes of hematemesis and dyspepsia tells the nurse that pain occurs when he eats, but pain does not waken him. The nurse recognizes a diagnostic sign of which condition?

Peptic ulcer

What is the most lethal complication of a peptic ulcer?

Perforation

A nurse administers promethazine(phenergan) for nausea. Which extra precautionary action should the nurse implement because of the common side effect of antiemetic medications?

Put up side rails to prevent falls

Which is the classic symptoms of Cholecystitis ?

Right upper abdomen radiating to the back and right scapula.

A patient complains about the placement of the total parenteral nutrition(TPN) line and asks why it cannot be inserted in the arm. What fact regarding the placement of this line should the nurse base response on?

Subclavian artery allows for rapid dilution

A client comes to the emergency department complaining of acute GI distress. When obtaining the client's history, the nurse inquires about the family history. Which disorder has a familial basis?

Ulcerative colitis

A client with hepatitis C develops liver failure and GI hemorrhage. The blood products that most likely bring about hemostasis in the client are:

cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen plasma.

A client with cholecystitis is receiving propantheline bromide. The client is given this medication because it:

inhibits contraction of the bile duct and gallbladder

The nurse is assessing a client who complains of abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. When examining the client's abdomen, which sequence should the nurse use?

inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation

A physician orders lactulose (Cephulac), 30 ml three times daily, when a client with cirrhosis develops an increased serum ammonia level. To evaluate the effectiveness of lactulose, the nurse should monitor:

level of consciousness (LOC).

Alterations in hepatic blood flow resulting from a drug interaction also can affect:

metabolism and excretion

A clinical symptom of gallbladder inflammation or gallstones is :

pain and distention after eating

A client with advanced cirrhosis has a prothrombin time (PT) of 15 seconds, compared with a control time of 11 seconds. The nurse expects to administer:

phytonadione (Mephyton)

The nurse caring for a patient who has had an open cholecystectomy with a T-Tube will:

position and secure the drainage bag at the chest level.