final part 1

Waist circumferences greater than _____ and _____ cm indicate abdominal obesity in men and women, respectively.

102; 88

The 2008 U.S physical activity guidelines encourage __________ min per wk of moderate exercise to facilitate weight loss or prevent weight regain.

150 to 200

Stage III hypertension is classified as a persistent SBP reading that is greater than __________ mmHg or a persistent DBP reading that is greater than _________ mmHg.

180; 110

Class I Obesity is what BMI index?

35 to 39.9

Research studies demonstrate that patients with CVD who participate in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program show a _________ reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

35% to 50%

Weight-loss guidelines indicate that weight should be lost at a rate of ______ to ________ kg per wk.

3; 4

Which of the following best describes the initial exercise intensity that is used in exercise programming for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation?

40% to 75% of vo2 max or HRR

Approximately _________ of the U.S. adult population in 2011 to 2012 met the criteria for obesity.

43%

Health gains such as lower blood pressure (BP) and improvements in the lipid profile are often realized with only a ___________ reduction in body weight in those who are currently obese.

5%

A well-planned diet with a caloric deficit of ______ to _______ kcal per day gradually reduces weight without sacrificing nutrition needs.

500, 1,000

Which of the following best represents a normal ejection fraction?

55% to 70%

if a cardiac patient has an end-diastolic volume (EDV) of 140 ml and an end-systolic volume (ESV) of 90 ml, the ejection fraction is

64%

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the link between mortality, morbidity, and obesity?

A 2008 review indicated that overweight and obesity accounted for 20% to 25% of health care spending.

An exercise program that does not result in weight loss does little to protect an obese person against premature death.

False

Because it typically does not result in a large caloric expenditure, resistance training is not generally part of the exercise prescription when weight loss is the primary goal.

False

The criteria for terminating a graded exercise test (GXT) done for diagnostic purposes is the achievement of 75% of age-adjusted maximal HR.

False

The double product is a function of SBP and heart rate (HR).

True

To maximize caloric expenditure when the primary goal of exercise is to reach duration goals to help with weight loss, exercise should not be divided into shorter bouts.

True

Which of the possible sites of target-organ damage may occur from chronic stage III hypertension.

all of the above

Which of the following populations would NOT be likely referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program.

angina pectoris

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Which of the following types of CVD accounts for the largest portion of these deaths?

coronary heart disease (CHD)

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the atherosclerotic process?

It is a process that starts around the age of 50.

A test that diagnoses the presence of atherosclerotic lesions by using a radioactive substance to distinguish areas of the heart muscle that are not receiving good perfusion from those that are is called

PET scan

Which of the following is NOT true regarding exercise and hypertension?

Pharmacologic approaches are generally the first line of treatment in those with stage 2 hypertension.

Which of the following represents a sign (rather than a symptom) of CHD?

ST-segment depression on an ECG

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the current trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States?

The current prevalence of obesity is almost 1.5 times that in the early 1960s.

The National Weight Control Registry (NWCR), established in 1994, currently lists approximately 5,000 people who have lost an average of 30 kg and kept it off for 5.5 yr. Which of the following is NOT true regarding some of the facts that have been gathered from these individuals?

The most common dietary approach to weight loss was a low-fat diet, with <25% of kcal coming from fat.

An atherosclerotic plaque that occurs in a femoral artery is likely to lead to ________________, which is a term that describes intermittent muscle pain on exertion.

claudication

What are some special considerations that should come into play when screening obese clients before exercise testing.

common comorbidities

A test that diagnoses the presence of atherosclerotic lesions by using a dye injected into the coronary arteries (via introduction of a catheter through the femoral artery) is called

coronary angiography

Reduced blood flow in any coronary artery reduces blood flow to the myocardium and creates a condition called ________________ _______________.

myocardial ischemia

Which of the following procedures involves putting a balloon-tipped catheter into a coronary artery and inflating the balloon to embed a metal mesh in the artery?

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

Which of the following best describes the phase of cardiac rehabilitation in which patients are given well-thought-out exercise programs in an outpatient setting, have their cardiac rhythms monitored by ECG, receive BP and sometimes glucose monitoring during exercise, and receive education and instruction for home exercise and lifestyle modification?

phase II

Reducing the occurrence of subsequent myocardial infarctions (MIs) is known as:

secondary prevention

Which of the following is the most appropriate method of prescribing exercise intensity in a person with CHD who is currently taking beta-blockers?

standing HR + 50 beats · min-1