Final Review Part 2

Kevin is presenting to a group of psychologists about how to increase self-confidence in teens. Which of the following pieces of data would have the most credibility with this audience?

"According to the American Psychology Association Journal, nearly 85 percent of all teens will experience issues with self-confidence in high school."

Sun is new to American culture and has read about the importance of being direct while delivering a speech. What advice can you give Sun to help him be direct when making a presentation to his classmates?

"Animate your facial expressions."

Which of the following is most likely an example of a jargon?`

"Apprehensive about the QC on the bridge project, the ABFJV took another look at the anchor bolts to ensure that they met the ANSI standards."

Which statement is a form of compassionate constructive criticism?

"First, I want to commend you on your speech's organization."

Rosa, a horticulturist, has been asked to give a speech at her aunt's monthly garden club meeting. Which statement will NOT make her speech feel more relevant to this audience?

"Maintaining a flower garden can be difficult, and there are few rewards."

Mikaili has only lived in the United States for a short time, but he has made great progress learning to speak English. When delivering a speech, he focuses intently on making sure that he is pronouncing words correctly and clearly, but neglects to use body language effectively. What advice should you give Mikaili to better use body language while delivering a speech?

"Nod at your listeners when you are making a point you want them to agree with."

Naveed will be delivering a speech to an auditorium full of people and will be wearing a lavaliere microphone. He has never used this type of microphone and asks for your advice. What should you tell Naveed to do when using a lavaliere microphone?

"Speak as if you were addressing a small group."

Which of the following statements is the best example of finding common ground with an audience?

"Thank you for attending my speech today; I know that your time is valuable and I will do my best to ensure that you learn everything you need to know about taking the GMAT exam."

Which of the following statements is NOT an example of a quotation?

"The United States spends over $42 billion a year on anxiety disorders."

What is the best example of a leading question?

"When you were auditioning for the part, isn't it true that you already didn't like the director?"

Jake is explaining to his audience what a carburetor is. Which of Jake's statements uses an analogy?

"You can think of a carburetor like a drinking straw; it holds air inside until it mixes with liquid when you take a drink."

Popping is most likely to occur when using consonants such as _____ while speaking into a handheld or fixed microphone.

"p" and "t"

If you follow the six-by-six rule, what is the maximum number of words you can include on one slide?

36

Nenet is creating slides that will be projected onto a screen during her speech. What point size should Nenet use for her MAJOR headings?

36-point

Which of these people should use the refutation pattern of arrangement when preparing their persuasive speech?

Abigail, whose opponent's argument on the issue in question is weak Abigail should use the refutation pattern of arrangement because it focuses on addressing and disproving the opposing argument. The refutation pattern is most effective when the opposing argument is weak and vulnerable to attack.

Kirk has recorded a great deal of video, and now he needs to edit his footage down to a manageable size and organize it for his presentation. Which of the following programs should Kirk use to edit his video footage for his presentation?

Adobe Audition

Which of the following is the best example of a narrative?

Albert shares a short story about the time he was stuck on a roller-coaster.

Which of the following is the BEST example of a speech organized using a causal pattern of arrangement?

Alec discusses the impact that reality television has on advertising.

Cheyenne is delivering a speech about developing a national energy policy. One of her presentation slides will include a short list of alternative methods of energy production. Which title should Cheyenne choose for this slide?

Alternative Energy Sources

Which of the following is the BEST example of a speech organized using a causal pattern of arrangement?

Blake is presenting on the positive effect therapy dogs can have on cancer patients

Which of the following illustrates the successful use of public speaking in everyday life?

Erin is applying for an internship at a public relations firm and interviews with a group of committee members from the firm.

Which of the following is NOT considered a transitional word or phrase used to signal the close of a speech?

For example

Which of these people is speaking impromptu?

Hendrik, who is giving an off-the-cuff review of a movie he just watched

How should you typically arrange supporting points in an outline?

Indent them below the main point and capitalize them.

What does stating the main points of your speech in parallel grammatical form accomplish?

It helps listeners retain points

Which of the following would be considered a benefit of moving around as you deliver your speech?

It holds your audience's attention

Which of the following is the BEST example of a speech that is organized using a spatial pattern of arrangement?

Jake is presenting on the architectural structure of the new Arch grounds in Saint Louis.

Which of the following is an example of a source qualifier for a quote by John Adams?

John Adams, who was the second president of the United States

Which of the following speakers is engaged in synchronous communication with the audience?

Jorge, who is holding a training session via Skype

Which of the following is the best example of using humor in an introduction?

Kelsey begins her speech to accountants by saying "Why is 6 afraid of 7? Because 7 ate 9."

Which of the following demonstrates a best practice for writing a conclusion

Lucas carefully considers the language for his conclusion because he wants to ensure that his speech will inspire and motivate his audience.

Which of the following speeches reflects a topical pattern of arrangement?

Melissa discusses the various benefits associated with a new medical treatment.

Which of these people is most likely experiencing the "fight-or-flight" response?

Michael, who is freezing up

Jun is scheduled to deliver a speech at an awards dinner in a few weeks, and he has done some demographic research on his audience. Which of Jun's findings is an indicator of his listeners' socioeconomic status?

Most of the audience graduated from college.

Which of the following speakers can most convincingly use their own expertise as evidence?

Peter, an attorney developing a speech about constitutional law

Which of the following statements is true

Reflecting on your main points in the conclusion is the last step of "telling them what you've told them." It's important to emphasize your main points three times over the course of your speech. Summarizing the key points in the conclusion will give the audience a sense of completion.

When developing your speech, which of the following would be the best approach to take when seeking sources of information?

Seek a variety of reliable sources to support your major points.

_____ are the evidence that you have collected to explain or justify your main points.

Supporting points

What is a reason for choosing a topic that relates to a personal interest?

The research will be enjoyable.

What does it likely mean if your speech contains too many main points?

The speech topic has not been sufficiently narrowed

Conducting interviews can be a useful way to learn about the audience.

True

Using inclusive language such as we, you, I, and me can create a sense of identification between yourself and the audience.

True

Which of the following statements is false

When summarizing your main points in your conclusion, it is important to go into explicit detail about each main point.

Which of the following is the best example of a speaker who matches his or her humor to that of the audience?

While presenting to a group of athletes, the speaker makes a joke about two-a-day training practices.

Vanessa has recorded a video presentation that she wants to make available online for anyone to view. Which of these websites can Vanessa use to post her video presentation?

Youtube

Which of the following is an example of a speech to mark a special occasion?

a best man's wedding toast

What is a source qualifier

a brief description telling why a source is qualified to address a topic

What is the mutual understanding of a message between a speaker and the audience?

a circumstance that calls for a public response

Calvin is completing a presentation on how to build a computer. What type of presentation aid should Calvin use for his speech?

a diagram

Which of the following is NOT a secondary source?

a diary

Shondra is giving a speech about the rise of mobile computing and wants to create a presentation aid that shows how sales of mobile computing devices have increased each year over the last ten years, while sales of desktop computers have declined over the same period of time. Which type of presentation aid should Shondra use to show this comparison?

a line graph

Laura has been asked by her psychology professor to give a presentation on currently published information regarding the effects of social media on the mental health of teens between the ages of 13 and 18. Laura is being asked to deliver what type of presentation?

a literature review presentation

The sentence "After her grandfather's death, Lisa treaded water in a sea of grief" is an example of which of the following?

a metaphor

Mike would like to add an audio clip to his presentation on healthcare in the United States. Which audio clip should he use for his presentation?

a one-minute clip explaining the difference between different types of healthcare coverage

Sarah would like to embed a video clip into her speech on global warming. She asks your advice on which video she should add. Which video would you advise Sarah to add to her presentation?

a one-minute video explaining how carbon dioxide emissions harm the environment

Which of the following is NOT necessary to include when orally citing a blog?

a page number

During his presentation on the effects of smoking on the lungs, Steven would like to show the audience the difference between a smoker's lungs and a nonsmoker's lungs. What type of presentation aid should Steven use?

a picture of the smoker's and the nonsmoker's lungs

Cameron is delivering a presentation on the citywide summer school lunch program and its effectiveness on addressing children's needs in the city. Cameron is delivering what type of presentation?

a program evaluation presentation

Mika is preparing a speech designed to "warm up" the crowd at a convention, prior to the main speaker's presentation. What type of speech will Mika be delivering?

a speech of introduction

As Jeremy moves from one main point to another in his speech, he draws a comparison between the two points. Jeremy is using which of the following?

a transition

As a general rule, how many times should you practice delivering your speech?

about six times

"The gymnastics meet was run horribly. All of the athletes were upset and disliked the judges." Which of the following best describes the language used?

abstract language

Edie is trying to deliver a speech to her classmates, but one person in the audience has had his hand raised for a while, and it's distracting for Edie. What should Edie do?

acknowledge the student

Mackenzie is attending an awards ceremony where she is expecting to win an award that she is nominated for. She wins the award and goes up to the podium to make an acceptance speech. During her acceptance speech, Mackenzie should do all of the following EXCEPT

act surprised

Where is the best place to insert a pause when reading the following sentence? "When we win this election, and we will, it will mean the dawn of a new day for the people of this great state."

after "election"

Krista gives each member a sheet with the tasks to be performed during the meeting. Next to each task, there is a time limit for completion. The item that Krista gave to her group members is a(n)

agenda

Which of the following are secondary sources?

almanacs periodicals an encyclopedia

Professor O'Connor is organizing her lecture for class tomorrow. She is ordering her ideas into larger and smaller logical categories. After dividing up all that she wants to cover in the lecture, she then adds smaller subpoints. Which of the following is Professor O'Connor creating?

an outline

What is the step in the speechmaking process when the speaker studies the potential listeners through techniques such as interviews and questionnaires?

analyzing the audience

Monica is preparing a speech in which she argues in favor of teaching teenagers safe sex practices in high school. She will be delivering her speech in a very religious community where she knows that many parents want the schools to teach only abstinence. What can Monica do to help persuade this audience?

anticipate and discuss the audience's counterarguments and try to win the audience's support by appealing to a mutual desire to keep teens safe

Public speaking is a(n)

applied art

Compared to public speakers, presentational speakers

are more likely to have an audience with a common knowledge base.

A(n) _____ is a stated position with evidence and reasoning in support of it.

argument

At which point in your speech should you credit material that was derived from someone else's idea?

as you present the idea

The statement "I like baseball" is an example of a(n)

attitude

One's general evaluation of teaching art and music in schools as either good or bad is determined by one's

attitudes

The first step in preparing any speech is to consider the

audience

The introduction establishes the purpose of the speech and shows its relevance to the

audience

If you consider the interests of your audience and how they might want to hear the information you are offering, you are taking a(n)

audience centered perspective

Which is likely to occur when a speaker includes more than five main points?

audience pays less attention

If Albert was born in 1955, he would be considered part of which generation?

baby boomer generation

What should you do when evaluating another person's speech?

be compassionate in your criticism

Whether one supports the theory of evolution depends on one's

beliefs

Which of the following sources contain entries maintained by individuals or groups?

blogs

Main points and supporting points appear in which part of a speech?

body

Which part of a speech should be the longest?

body

Each topic entry in CQ Researcher includes

both pro and con statements

Word association is a technique of

brainstorming

Phoebe is writing out a full-sentence outline for her conclusion. She carefully selects her words in order to create the maximum impact and decides to insert the phrase, "As my speech comes to a close," at the start of her conclusion. How is Phoebe signaling the end of her speech?

by using a transitional word or phrase

Acknowledging your sources of information during a speech

can help demonstrate you trustworthiness

A speech that the speaker uses again and again in different settings is known as a

canned speech

After his star player is injured in the playoffs, Coach Martinez discusses his plan for moving forward with the media. In front of the local news station's cameras, the coach talks about the back-up player he plans to sub in for next week's game. In this example, the news television show Coach Martinez will appear on is the

channel

James is presenting on the history of weather forecasters and how changes in technology have improved their ability to forecast. Which of the following organizational patterns would be MOST effective?

chronological

Speakers demonstrate respect by demonstrating

civility

A(n) _____ is a detailed analysis of a person or group with a particular disease or condition.

clinical case study

Visualization is a form of

cognitive restructuring

Donna, a professor at a local college, is presenting to other college professors on teaching millennials effectively. Donna is speaking to what type of audience?

colleagues within the field

What term describes facts that are widely disseminated and known by many?

common knowledge

The county in which Upton lives had a significant tax surplus this year, and there has been a great deal of discussion over what to do with the money. Upton feels the best option is to give the money to the county Department of Public Works to make improvements to the county's infrastructure. He will be delivering a speech at a public forum next week to make his case. Which pattern of arrangement would be most effective for Upton's speech if his goal is to show that his option is superior to all of the other recommendations?

comparative advantage

A citation of testimony should include the name of the source, the date, and the

context

What reminds us that successful communication can never be divorced from the concerns and expectations of others?

context

Which of the following is a form of plagiarism?

copying and rearranging words from a source as is it was your own

A presentation aid that reproduces copyrighted material should include the source information and a(n)

copyrighted symbol

Researching your speech topic by using a library's online portal will ensure that your sources are

credible

When an individual is able to look for flaws in arguments and resist claims that have no supporting evidence, he or she is utilizing

critical thinking

When an audience interprets and assigns meaning to a speaker's message, that process is referred to as

decoding

Giving credit to your sources accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT

decreasing your personal credibility

A large portion of the web that general search engines cannot access is referred to as what?

deep web

What kind of listener disregards what the speaker has to say or prematurely decides that he or she won't like what the speaker has to say?

defensive

Which of the following is an informative speech topic about a concept?

definition of peace

The only time Misty ever spoke in public, she was so nervous that she froze up shortly after beginning her speech. When that happened, some members of the audience laughed, causing her to become so flustered that she simply gave up and left the room. Now just the thought of delivering a speech makes her anxious. Which of the following is the most important thing that Misty should do to overcome her public speaking anxiety (PSA)?

deliver more speeches

Age, gender, religion, ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic status are examples of audience

demographics

Corey is preparing a proposal that calls for his company to institute a job-sharing program to allow employees with newborns more scheduling flexibility. He has just explained that the existing system is putting a significant strain on the lives of employees with newborns. What should Corey do next?

describe the method by which he investigated the problem

In which kind of source is information represented in such a way as to provoke a desired response?

desired response

In which step of the speechmaking process must you decide whether you are going to inform or persuade your audience or mark a special occasion?

determining the speech purpose

Those who are native to St. Louis may say the word "wash" so that is sounds more like "warsh." This difference would be considered a difference in

dialect

Empathy and collaboration are characteristics of

dialogic communication

When speakers show respect toward themselves and others, they are using which rule for ethical speaking?

dignity

Which term describes the deliberate falsification of data and resources?

disinformation

Mayra always used the problem-cause-solution pattern when developing sales proposals at her last job, but in her new position, she has been instructed to use the basic sales technique. If Mayra is going to use the basic sales technique as she prepares a sales proposal for a new client, what should she do first?

draw the client's attention to the product

If you create a clear thesis for your speech, the main points will be

easily identifiable

The process of transforming thoughts into messages for the purpose of delivering them to an audience is called

encoding

Wikipedia is an example of a(n)

encyclopedia

Wikipedia is the world's largest, experimental, free

encyclopedia

Public speaking skills can help you enter the public conversation about issues that matter to you, making you a(n)

engaged citizen

The Greek word for "character" is

ethos

A poster presentation usually includes all of the following EXCEPT a(n)

evaluation of a study's validity.

A credible source is always accurate.

false

Copyright laws are designed to protect the public domain.

false

Discerning the accuracy of content is usually pretty easy.

false

Most people pay attention ONLY to speakers they agree with.

false

Which of the following is an internal listening distraction?

fatigue

What is the verbal or nonverbal listener response to a message?

feedback

Which of the following frequently contributes to public speaking anxiety (PSA)?

feeling different from listeners

In the moments before, during, and after a speech, a rise in heart rate and breathing, dry mouth, faintness, freezing up, or other uncomfortable sensations are often the result of a

fight or flight response

If you are faced with a listener who expresses negative attitudes toward your topic, you should

find areas of agreement

What is a common problem when looking for sources using a search engine like Google?

finding false information

Into how many parts (canons) did Greek and Roman teachers divide the process of preparing for a speech?

five

A _____ is a large pad of paper on which a speaker can draw visual aids.

flip chart

A student states that she will inform her audience. She has identified her

general speech purpose

To inform and to persuade are

general speech purposes

Adjusting to and maintaining respect for all types of speakers is a sign of

good listening

Researchers have found that source credibility is mainly based on a speaker's

grasp of the subject, sound reasoning, and honesty

Which type of issues are MOST likely to directly affect audience members?

grassroots

Nicole is the person in her group who often eases tensions and helps to resolve conflicts over differences of opinions. Nicole is an example of a(n)_____

harmonizer

The first step in taming speech anxiety is to

have a thorough plan

Which of the following is a characteristic of positive ethos?

having a good moral character

The purpose of a presentation aid is to

help your audience better understand your points

Ceri is considering delivering a speech to her classmates in which she argues in favor of taking a few weeks to travel abroad during the summer break. Which of the following factors should Ceri take into particular consideration when determining whether this is an appropriate topic?

her audience's income

For his next public speaking assignment, Otis must prepare and deliver a speech about a process. Which of the following would be an appropriate speech topic?

how a television signal works

When you perform audience analysis before preparing a speech, you hope to gain which of the following?

ideas about your audience's attitudes toward your topic

When deciding on the main points, what should you do first?

identify the central ideas of the speech

In order to actively listen, it can be helpful to do which of the following?

identify your listening needs

What is the first step of the reflective thinking process?

identifying the problem

When should a speaker consider the audience?

in the entire speech preparation

In order to avoid plagiarism in a speech, you MUST

inform the audience of the author or origin of any information that is not common knowledge

What kind of speech helps audience members to understand topics, ideas, or concepts?

informative

In successful communication, including public speaking, listeners and speakers are

interdependent

What kind of distractions arise from our own thoughts and feelings?

internal

Emma is developing an informative speech about the technical aspects of stem cell research. What should Emma do to help reinforce her key points as she speaks?

internal summaries

Which of the following is a method by which a speaker collects primary information through face-to-face communication?

interviewing

Dr. Glover is giving a presentation about recent weather patterns. He begins by highlighting which weather patterns he will be covering and what he hopes the students will take away from his presentation. Which part of the speech is this?

introduction

The structure of a speech follows which order of parts?

introduction, body, conclusion

The canon of rhetoric that deals with discovering types of evidence and constructing your arguments is

invention

Rachel will be making a sales presentation to the CEO of a company that could be a major client for her, and she is considering speaking from a manuscript. This might be a bad idea because

it may limit her expressiveness in vocal variety.

Dr. Sharp talked to the hospital's medical interns about the patient's condition using words such as JT, Agonal, and FX. JT, FX and Agonal are examples of

jargon

The origin, type, title, date, and credibility of a source are

key source information

Dan is explaining the concept of "elastic" to a group of children by having them stretch rubber bands. Dan's method of explanation will be most effective for which type of learners?

kinesthetic

Which of the following strategies is one way to avoid a mechanical delivery in your speech?

leading with a claim before identifying its source

Harper is presenting information on secondary education to his class. His presentation will last thirty minutes to one hour. What type of presentation is Harper delivering?

lecture

Which of the following provides access to a college's database collection that may provide a starting point to finding books and primary sources?

library portal

What are the primary ideas or key arguments that make claims in support of the thesis of your speech?

main points

Which of the following express the key ideas and major themes of a speech?

main points

Research shows that audiences are more readily persuaded by speakers who

make direct eye contact

Ryan will be giving a speech on supporting Homeland Security. What should Ryan do to address his audience's physiological needs during his presentation?

make sure the room is a comfortable temperature

__________ is the inadvertent use of a word or phrase in place of one that sounds like it.

malapropism

Which of the following is a brainstorming method that can help you visualize related ideas?

mind mapping

Urban legends are a form of

misinformation

The following statement best represents which step for dealing with anxiety? "Just before I give a speech, anxiety tries to sneak in and tell me that I will fail. But as long as I keep positive, confident thoughts in my head, anxiety doesn't stand a chance!"

modifying thoughts and attitudes

Interference or barriers to the communication process are known as

noise

When a speaker carefully considers the audience's expectations and emotions toward a speech event, the speaker is analyzing the

occasion

You should end a formal staff report by

offering reccomendations

For the ancient Greeks, what was a necessary tool in settling arguments, determining public policy, and establishing laws?

oratory

One way to significantly increase your confidence is to think of public speaking as a(n)

ordinary conversation

Through which of the following processes can a speaker locate weaknesses in the argument or organization of his or her speech?

outlining

What provides the framework upon which to arrange the elements of your speech in support of your thesis?

outlining the speech

Which of the following is NOT a format that speakers commonly use to create outlines?

paragraphs

When you evoke emotion in a persuasive speech, you make an appeal to

pathos

The following statement best illustrates which stage of public speaking anxiety? "Anxiety does not really hit me until the few minutes left right before I speak."

performance anxiety

Speeches that aim to change a specific behavior are

persuasive

Johnny is developing a new project in town square. He believes that the new project will be a great addition to the area. In order to get his project started, Johnny really needs to secure funding. Therefore, he will be delivering a request for funding presentation on his new project. The purpose of Johnny's presentation is to

persude

Maya, the student council treasurer, is giving a presentation about the group's finances, and wants to illustrate the breakdown of planned spending for the year. What type of presentation aid should Maya use to show the percentages of the budget that will be spent for different purposes, such as supplies, transportation, etc.?

pie graph

When a speaker uses another person's information as his or her own, he or she is

plagiarizing

Barid is concerned that the members of his group are agreeing to an idea too quickly, so he brings up an argument from an opposing viewpoint to encourage greater discussion. What is Barid doing?

playing devil's advocate

Which of the following does NOT necessarily characterize a well-organized speech?

positive reception

Tora is delivering her speech at a rate of approximately 100 words per minute. This is most likely to cause the audience to

possibly be lulled to sleep

Shannah is presenting on a study that explains how consuming meat may cause inflammation in the human body. Shannah knows that she needs to include an abstract in her presentation, and that she should follow the typical structure of a scientific journal article. What type of presentation is Shannah giving?

poster

Adie is delivering her first speech next week and wants to feel and appear "natural" to her classmates. What is the BEST way for Adie to achieve this goal?

practice her speech often

While waiting for her turn to give a class presentation, Mayra starts to feel mild nausea and feelings of panic. What should Mayra do to move past her symptoms?

practice positive self talk

Individuals whose public speaking anxiety begins during rehearsal, when the reality of the situation sets in, are experiencing

pre-performance anxiety

A person who experiences _____ anxiety will feel anxious the minute they know they will be giving a speech.

pre-preparation

Speech coach John Robert Colombo states that the best way to work out your fear of speaking is to overwork it. This advice reflects which method of dealing with speech anxiety?

preparation and practice

Sources that provide firsthand testimony about an event are examples of which type of sources?

primary sources

Which type of presentation is used to update clients or principals on developments in an ongoing project?

progress report

What focuses on the audience's attitudes, beliefs, and values?

psychographics

Athenians in the fifth century B.C.E. believed that citizenship demands active participation in

public affairs

In which kind of communication does a speaker, with little interruption, deliver a message with a specific purpose to an audience of people who are present during the delivery?

public speaking

Kimberly has been tasked by her instructor in her crisis communication course to observe citizens' reaction to the emergency alert system. She will observe, describe, and interpret people's reaction to the emergency alert system. Kimberly is conducting what type of research?

qualitative research

Janet is tasked with ascertaining the number of students in her college who are participating in the study abroad program. Of those students who are participating in the program, Janet must also determine how many are female or male, how many are involved in other programs within the school, and how many are junior level or above. Janet is participating in what type of research?

quantitative research

What is NOT one of the three elements of an ethos-based appeal?

reasoning

Natalie is preparing her speech. She knows that listeners are more likely to remember the points she includes in her conclusion. Which of the following explains why Natalie's listeners will remember the points she makes in the conclusion?

recency effect

Which two colors should Morgan combine on her slides if she wants to create a fiery visual effect?

red and yellow

Carmella is preparing an informative speech on how penguins can survive in the extreme cold of Antarctica. What should she do in the CONCLUSION of her speech?

reiterate the penguins can live comfortably in Antarctica

Stress-control breathing and meditation are examples of

relaxation techniques

Donald is preparing a presentation on deep-sea drilling that he will be delivering to a mixed audience. What can Donald do to ensure that his presentation is well received?

remain alert to the reactions of the audience as he speaks

Lena works for a company that produces business software. The company recently released a new version of one of their major programs and is making it available to existing clients for a reduced fee before putting it on the market for full price. Which type of presentation should Lena make to encourage her clients to purchase the upgrade?

sales proposal

Marsha is listening to a speaker advocate for a proposal that Marsha strongly opposes. As he speaks, Marsha starts focusing on what she is going to say at the end of the speech and stops paying attention to what the speaker has to say. Which of the following is Marsha engaged in?

scriptwriting

A textbook is considered a(n)

secondary sources

Elijah is the leader of a group that went through most of the reflective thinking process, but when it came time to select a solution, two solutions survived the selection process. What should Elijah's group do now?

select the solution that best meets the criteria

All of the following types of speech are illegal in the United States EXCEPT

sexist language

What is the mutual understanding of a message between a speaker and the audience?

shared meaning

What should you do first if your speech topic is new to your listeners?

show why the topic is relevant to them

Caroline will be delivering a toast at her sister's wedding next month. Which method of delivery would be most appropriate for Caroline's toast?

speaking from memory

Commencement speeches or acceptance speeches are examples of

special occasion speeches

"To inform my audience about the reasons to start a retirement fund" is an example of a

specific purpose

What answers the following question: "What is my objective in speaking about this topic to this audience on this occasion?"

specific speech purpose

Surya is practicing his speech in the same auditorium where he will be delivering his presentation next week. He will be using a podium on the day of his speech, but unfortunately there isn't a podium in the room on the day that he is practicing. What should Surya do?

stack some boxes to form a makeshift podium

Renee, the human resources director at a mid-size company, needs to develop a presentation to inform employees about a new dental insurance benefit the company will now offer. Which type of presentation should Renee create?

staff report

You are writing a speech about bird-watching and need to show the reliability and credibility of one of your sources. Which of the following is MOST likely to accomplish your goal?

stating the title of the peer-reviewed bird-watching journal where you obtained your source

When your audience know little or nothing of your topic, you should

stick to the basics, including background information on the topic.

People are more likely to pay attention to information if it

strikes them as important

If Connie is developing a research presentation and she has just described where her research took place and the conditions under which it was carried out, what should she do next?

summarize her key findings

Which of the following speech elements helps a speaker to substantiate the main points with examples, narratives, facts, or statistics?

supporting points

When a presentation offers _____ communication, the speaker and audience are able to communicate simultaneously.

synchronous

The individuals whom the speaker is most likely to influence in the direction that he or she seeks are known as

target audience members

Rob is presenting on the history of clothing and how fashion has changed over the last century. Which of the following is the BEST organizational pattern for Rob to choose?

temporal

Ethical speakers are conscious of their own values, as well as

the audience's values

Which of these speakers is most likely marking a special occasion?

the best man delivering a toast at the wedding

Marikay is working on a presentation about the effects that salt used for snow removal can have on roads. Which of the following is the best organizational pattern for Marikay to choose?

the causal pattern of arrangment

Listening is defined as

the conscious act of recognizing, understanding, and interpreting messages.

Pre-preparation anxiety usually sets in at which point?

the moment a speech is assigned

Which of the following organizational patterns consists of a story or a series of short stories?

the narrative pattern of arrangment

During speech preparation, whom does the speaker's thesis statement keep on track?

the speaker

Which of the following should you plan to include when giving an oral citation of another person's idea?

the type of source that contained the idea

"Investing in a hybrid vehicle can help the environment." This sentence is an example of a

thesis statement

"The best ways to combat identity theft are to review your monthly financial statements, periodically check your credit report, and secure your personal information in both digital and print form" is a

thesis statement

In the speechmaking process, what identifies the speech's central idea?

thesis statement

Determining the speech purpose is which step of speech preparation?

third

Which of the following is a function of transitions?

to assign importance

Why is it important to perform audience analysis?

to ensure the speech you create meets the audience's needs

Darien's speech topic is "why we should support increasing the library's budget." What is the general purpose of his speech?

to persuade

Which of the following is an example of a specific speech purpose?

to persuade my audience to sign up for the state organ donation registry

Consider the following sentence: "Just as Chelsea Clinton grew up in the White House, Sasha Obama matured while her father was president." Which function does this transitional sentence serve?

to show comparison

To ensure that your speech flows smoothly from one thought to another among and within the coordinate points of your outline, you should use

transition statements

The words or phrases "similarly," "likewise," "just as," "as a result," and "in conclusion" are all examples of

transitions

A critical thinker should recognize that there are multiple perspectives to every argument.

true

A speaker who maintains an audience-centered perspective keeps the needs, values, attitudes, and wants of listeners firmly in focus.

true

Being civic-minded is essential to the democratic process because democracy depends on our participation.

true

Depending on the speech and the occasion, the speaker may choose to reference a poetry collection.

true

Employers looking for new hires consider communication skills to be important.

true

For most speeches, and especially those delivered in the classroom, between two and five main points is optimal.

true

In a written outline, an idea that is subordinate to another is given relatively less weight and indented below the more important point.

true

Most people ultimately find that giving speeches can be fun.

true

Our right to speak freely is limited by types of speech that are considered illegal, including fighting words.

true

The search for supporting material is a time for you to delve into your subject and select material that supports your speech points.

true

When listening to a speaker who comes from a different culture, it may be helpful to ask questions.

true

When offering your own insights in a speech, you should provide your own source qualifier.

true

Holly is planning a presentation on applying for college. She asks for your advice on how to make the letters on the presentation stand out from the background. You advise her to

use dark text on a light background or vice versa

Crystal is preparing a presentation for her biology class. Crystal's instructor will most likely expect her to

use graphics to visually illustrate important processes in her presentation.

In college, Kihye discovers that her roommate says "Appala-chin mountains," even though she has always said "Appalay-shin mountains." This is an example of

using a dialect

A speech about whether a governing body has the right to determine the life or death of a convicted criminal addresses the listeners' core

values

As you plan your speech, anticipate that audience members will hold a range of judgments or standards of what's good and bad in life and of what's important to them, which are also known as

values

What are our most enduring judgments about what's good in life?

values

Marcie created a PowerPoint presentation on her home computer, a Mac, to accompany her upcoming classroom speech. She knows that the classroom computer she will be using also has a version of PowerPoint, but she doesn't know whether it has an internet connection. What is the MOST important thing that Marcie should do to minimize the risk of a technical failure on the day of her speech?

verify that the two versions of PowerPoint are compatible

Adarsh has lived in the United States for only a few years, and experiences public speaking anxiety because he is self-conscious about his pronunciation of English words. What should Adarsh do to feel more comfortable in front of an audience?

view himself as equal to his audience members

What refers to the practice of summoning feelings and actions consistent with successful performance?

visualization

One way to ensure that sources you find are accurate is to use a

watchdog website

It would be most appropriate to tell a funny story while delivering a

wedding toast

Which of the following is an example of a persuasive speech topic?

why you should vote to ban animal experimentation

"Exercise—elliptical trainers—personal trainers—weight training" is an example of

word association

Combining which two colors may create a harsh effect?

yellow and black