final review stuff

A nurse is teaching a client about conjugated estrogen and medroxyprogesterone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Monitor rectal bleeding B. Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages C. Have BP checked regularly D. Sit up for 30 min after taking the drug

C

What is the primary effect of combination oral contraceptives? A. Change the vaginal pH B. Thin cervical mucus C. Inhibit ovulation D. Destroy the ovum

C

A child has received amoxicillin [Amoxil] for three previous ear infections, but a current otitis media episode is not responding to treatment. The nurse caring for this child suspects that resistance to the bacterial agent has occurred by which microbial mechanism? A) Drug Inactivation B) Reduction of drug concentration at the site of action C) Antagonist production D) Alteration of drug target molecules

A

A parent asks a nurse if the provider will prescribe an antibiotic for a child who attends school with several children who have strep throat. The child is complaining of a sore throat and has a fever. What will be the nurse's response? A) "Your child should come to the clinic to have a throat culture done today." B) "Your child probably has strep throat, so your provider will order an antibiotic." C) "With good hand washing, your child should not get strep throat" D) "Because strep throat is likely, your child should be treated empirically."

A

A patient is prescribed an antibiotic to treat a urinary tract infection. What statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I can stop the medication as soon as the symptoms have disappeared." B) "I will drink more fluids to help clear up the infection." C) "I will stop the medication and contact the doctor if I develop a rash." D) "I should immediately report vaginal itching or discharge."

A

The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes the etiology of the thrush? A) Superinfection B) Nosocomial Infection C) Community Acquired Infection D) Antibiotic Resistance

A

The nurse instructs a patient in the use of combination oral contraceptives for birth control. The nurse determines that teaching is successful if the patient makes which statement? A. "I'll avoid herbal products such as St. John's wort." B. "Birth control pills don't have serious side effects." C. "I can continue taking birth control before elective surgeries." D. "I should take the pill with food to prevent an upset stomach."

A

The nurse recognizes that which medication can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives? A. Rifampin B. Acetaminophen C. Multivitamins D. Furosemide

A

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal conjugated estrogen and medroxyprogesterone to treat postmenopausal symptoms. The nurse should explain to the client that this drug combination includes with of the following therapeutic effects? (Select all that apply) A. Reduces the risk of ovarian cancer B. Relieves hot flashes C. Prevents osteoporosis D. Reduces the risk of breast cancer E. Reduces the risk of thromboembolism

A B C

In preparing an educational program about oral contraceptives (OCs), the nurse includes what information about cancer risks? (Select all that apply.) A. OCs protect against ovarian cancer. B. OCs protect against endometrial cancer. C. OCs protect against cervical cancer. D. OCs increase the risk of cervical cancer. E. OCs increase the risk of breast cancer. F. OCs promote the growth of existing breast cancer.

A B F

Which are benefits of using a combination of two or more antibiotics? (Select all that apply.) A) Reduced toxicity B) Reduced cost C) Reduced risk of superinfection D) Reduced risk in severe infection E) Reduced resistance

A D E

A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for the combination oral contraceptive ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to use of this medication? A. Drinks a glass of wine each night B. Smoked half a pack of cigarettes a day C. Runs marathons regularly D. Drives a school bus

B

A nursing student asks a nurse to clarify the differences between the mechanisms of spontaneous mutation and conjugation in acquired resistance of microbes. What will the nurse say? A) Conjugation results in a gradual increase in resistance. B) Spontaneous mutation leads to resistance to only one antimicrobial agent. C) Spontaneous mutation can transfer DNA from one organism to another. D) Conjugation results in random changes in the microbe's DNA.

B

A patient contacts a clinic nurse to determine the proper action after she forgot to take her oral contraceptive [Ortho Tri-Cyclen] for the past 2 days during the first week of a 28-day regimen. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "Take the omitted two doses together with the next dose." B. "Take two doses per day on the following 2 days." C. "Stop taking the oral contraceptive until menstruation occurs." D. "Take a dose now and continue with the scheduled doses."

B

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for conjugated equine estrogen. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following indications of a serious adverse reaction? A. Hot flashes B. Urinary tract infection C. Vaginal bleeding D. Bone pain

C

A nurse is caring for a client who missed a dose of her oral contraceptive. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? A. Take a pregnancy test B. Double up on pills for the remainder of the pack C. Take the missed does as soon as possible D. Stop the oral contraceptive and use a different contraceptive

C

A nurse is caring for a client who received human menopausal gonadotropin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Prolactin secretion B. Estrogen release C. Follicular maturation D. Oxytocin secretion

C

Which patient would be at greatest risk of developing a venous thromboembolism (VTE) if a combination oral contraceptive were prescribed? A. A 25-year-old patient who drinks 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks a day B. A 45-year-old patient who has a family history of stroke C. A 22-year-old patient who smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day D. A 29-year-old patient who has used birth control pills for 9 years

C

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking combination oral contraceptive ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone and is about to begin taking rifampin to treat tuberculosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client due to a possible drug interaction? A. "Increase the rifampin dose." B. "Increase the oral contraceptive dose." C. "Wait 2 hours between taking each drug." D. "Use additional birth control methods."

D

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is on an oral contraceptive and is about to begin taking rifampin to treat tuberculosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Increase the rifampin dose B. Increase the oral contraceptive dose C. Allow 2 hrs between taking the 2 drugs D. Use a non-hormonal form of contraception

D

A nurse should question the use of conjugated equine estrogen by a client who has a history of which of the following? A. Osteoporosis B. Peptic ulcer disease C. Rheumatoid arthritis D. Blood clots

D

A patient has a viral sinus infection, and the provider tells the patient that antibiotics will not be prescribed. The patient wants to take an antibiotic and asks the nurse what possible harm could occur by taking an antibiotic. Which response by the nurse is correct? A) "Patients who overuse antibiotics are more likely to have nosocomial infections." B) "Host cells become resistant to antibiotics with repeated use." C) "Antibiotics are mutagenic and can produce changes that cause resistance." D) "Even normal flora can develop resistance and transfer this to pathogens."

D

The nurse understands that ________ poses the greatest risk for thromboembolic phenomena in a patient taking oral contraceptives. A. high intake of saturated fats B. sedentary lifestyle C. low body weight D. smoking

D

Which patients should be given antibiotics prophylactically? (Select all that apply.) A) Children undergoing chemotherapy who have mild neutropenia B) Postoperative patients who have undergone emergency cesarean sections C) Children who attend day care with other children who have strep throat D) Patients with compound fractures undergoing surgical repair E) Patients with certain congenital heart defects at risk for bacterial endocarditis

D E

A patient has a localized skin infection, which is most likely caused by a gram-positive cocci. Until the culture and sensitivity results are available, the nurse will expect the provider to order a ____-spectrum ____ agent. A) narrow; systemic B) narrow; topical C) broad; topical D) broad; systemic

B

A recent campaign, initiated by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), to delay the emergence of antibiotic resistance in hospitals, has what as one of its objectives? A) Allowing prescribers to develop their own prescribing guidelines B) Increased adherence to prescribed antibiotics C) Allowing patients to stop antibiotics when symptoms subside D) Increased use of antibiotics among parents of young children

B

In counseling a patient about birth control, the nurse would indicate that which form is contraindicated in a patient with multiple sexual partners? A. Levonorgestrel B. Intrauterine devices C. Oral contraceptives D. Spermicidal jelly and condoms

B

The nurse correlates which action with the contraceptive effects of the minipill? A. Blocks implantation B. Thickens cervical mucus C. Changes vaginal pH D. Inhibits ovulation

B

The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has a fever of unknown origin. The prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the priority? A) Delaying administration of the antibiotic until the culture results are available. B) Obtaining all cultures before the antibiotic is administered. C) Administering the Antipyretics as soon as possible. D) Administering the antibiotic immediately.

B

Which patient should receive prophylactic antibiotic therapy? A) A patient who is to have his teeth cleaned B) A patient who is scheduled for a hysterectomy C) A patient with a white blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm3 D) A patient with a high fever without an identifiable cause

B

Which statement about superinfections does the nurse identify as true? A) Superinfections are more common in patients treated with narrow-spectrum drugs. B) Superinfection is defined as a new infection that appears during the course of treatment for a primary infection. C) Superinfections are caused by viruses. D) Superinfections are easy to treat.

B

While reviewing a patient's history, the nurse identifies what finding as a contraindication to the administration of oral contraceptives? A. The patient's sister has breast cancer. B. The patient has a history of thrombophlebitis. C. The patient is 3 months postpartum and is breastfeeding. D. The patient's mother had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) at age

B