Fire and Safety Test
How much do property losses exceed annually?
$2 billion
Fuel can include:
-Combustible solids like paper, wood, and some metals -Flammable liquids and gases
Exits should be
-Properly identified -Never to be blocked or locked (so as to stop exit) -Never block fire doors open to prevent closure
Fires will continue until one of three things occur:
1) oxygen is depleted 2)the heat is removed 3)the fuel is consumed
How can you reduce the likelihood of a fire in your workplace?
1)By being proactive and utilizing a fire protection plan 2)participating in fire safety training and 3)using caution at all times.
Common workplace causes of fires:
1)Electrical- 2)Chemical- 3)Hot works- 4)Housekeeping 5)Smoking-
Fire and smoke alarms should be
1)Installed in all areas of the building 2)Checked regularly for proper operation
PASS
1)Pull the pin 2)Aim the extinguisher at the base of the fire 3)Squeeze the trigger 4)Sweep from side to side
Only fight fire when:
1)The fire is small and contained 2)You are safe from toxic smoke 3)You have a means of scape 4)Your instincts tell you it is OK
Emergency action plan should be made available in writing if there are
11 or more employees at your workplace
What percentage of workplace fires are a result o catastrophic failure of equipment
15%
How many employers per year die in fires? and how many injured?
200 employers... 5000 injured
In the US, how many workplaces experience a serious fire?
70-80,000
What percentage of fires are a result of factors related to human behavior?
85%
How can you reduce the chances of injury or serious loss if a fire occurs?
A simple emergency plan as well as proper detection and fire extinguishers
Activate
Activate the fire alarm or contact 911
Assemble
Assemble in the predetermined location outside of the building.
Assist
Assist others in exiting the building
Attempt
Attempt to Extinguish the fire
Wet chemical extinguishers with misting nozzle allows them to be used for
B and C fires
Regular dry chemical should be used on
B, C, or K (not as much used as for Class K fires anymore with advent of wet chemical extinguishers)
Halogenated or Clean Agent can be used on
C, Class A and B fires
including gasoline, fuels, paints, solvents, and manufacturing chemicals. Hot works- welding, torching or other tasks that emit sparks.
Chemical
-Most Common and use ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber and many plastics as their fuel. -Usually the easiest to contain. -May be classified by their ability to produce ash.
Class A
Foam is used on
Class A and B fires only
multi-purpose dry chemical used on
Class A, B, and C fires
-Combustible fuel fires that involve flammable liquids, oils, greases, gases, tars, oil based liquids and alcohol. -Water should never be used on this type of fire. It will only cause the fuel to splash and possibly spread
Class B
Carbon dioxide can be used on
Class B and C fires
-Involve energized electrical wiring and equipment. Class C fires are unique because as soon as the electricity is eliminated, they become one of the other classes of fire. -Water should not be used to control this type of fire. Since water can carry a current, the risk of electrocution is highly possible.
Class C
Halogenated or Clean Agent are used mainly on
Class C fires
-Involve combustible metals like sodium, titanium, magnesium, potassium, aluminum, and lithium. -Most of these metals usually burn at higher temperatures and can react violently with water or other chemical agents -Can be controlled with dry powder extinguishing agents based on sodium chloride, other salts and also clean dry sand. Dry powder should not be confused with dry chemical. -Trying to extinguish a metal fire with water, carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishers will result in spreading and accelerating this type of fire
Class D
-Involves cooking and vegetable oils, grease, and fats -Considered a sub category of a class B fire, they typically burn at higher temperatures and have been given their own classification -Can be controlled with either wet or dry chemical extinguishers
Class K
Wet chemical extinguishers used on
Class K, and sometimes class A
neglect and misuse of wiring and electrical appliances, especially space heaters.
Electrical
There are different types of
Foam Extinguishers and you need to be aware of which type you are using and its proper use and limitations. Foam holds down the vapors and is mostly for professional use.
welding, torching or other tasks that emit sparks.
Hot works
accumulation of garbage in work or storage areas and improper storage of flammable substances.
Housekeeping
Fire extinguisher inspection: monthly
Is it in the correct location? Is it visible and accessible? Does the gauge indicate the correct pressure?
Contain sodium chloride salt and thermoplastic additive
Metl-X
Plastic melts to form an oxygen excluding crust over the metal, and the salt dissipates heat.
Metl-X
OSHA guidelines for an emergency action plan can be found in
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.38
Guideline for a fire protection plan are found in
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.39
discarded cigarettes or smoking in inappropriate areas
Smoking
Annualy Fire extinguisher inspection performed by who
State Fire Marshall.
Other maintenance may also need to be completed depending on the type of extinguisher and its age. (T or F)
T
They extinguish the fire by forming a soapy foam blanket over the burning oil and by cooling the oil below its ignition temperature.
Wet chemical extinguishers
Fires start with heat, which serves as
a source of ignition
4 A's
activate, assist, attempt, and assemble
All employers are required to have
an emergency action plan only when the applicable OSHA standard requires it
Water is used on
class A only
Metl-X are used on
class D fires
Fire extinguishers are only
designed to fight small fires
extinguisher will only
discharge for a few seconds
OSHA strongly recommends that all employers have an
emergency action plan
OSHA strongly recommends that all employers...
have a fire prevention plan
All fires involved a chemical reaction between 3 elements:
heat, fuel, and oxygen
Dry chemicals...
inhibit the chemical reaction of a fire
Heat can be generated by many things including:
open flames, static electricity, cutting and welding operations, faulty electrical circuits, unshielded hot surfaces, friction, chemical reactions
Halogenated or Clean Agent remove
oxygen from fires
For a complete listing of the fire prevention plan requirements...
please review the copy of the OSHA standard that accompanied this program
What does water do?
remove heat
Carbon dioxide
remove the oxygen from the fire and also remove heat with a cold discharge.
Although employers are required to have a fire prevention plan when...
the applicable OSHA standard requires it
High pressure discharge of carbon dioxide can cause
the burning materials to scatter with a Class A fire.
Carbon dioxide is ineffective on class A fires because
the fire can continue to smolder and possibly reignite
Emergency plan may be discussed verbally when
there are 10 or fewer employees
Your employer may choose to discuss this plan with you verbally if
there are 10 or fewer employees
The Fire Prevention Plan should be made available to you in writing if
there are 11 or more employees at your workplace.