"First Aid- Chapter 17: Bites and Stings"

Which of the following is a disease caused by a virus and transmitted by infected animals? Rocky Mountain spotted fever Tetanus Rabies Lyme disease Anaphylaxis

Rabies

Which of the following is a signal for a animal with rabies? A racoon found outside during the night. A wild animal spotted during the daytime that runs away. A nocturnal animal that is found active during the daytime. None of the above.

A nocturnal animal that is found active during the daytime.

You ensure that a person who has been bitten by a black widow spider is taken to a medical facility for which reason? Medical professionals will want the person to identify the type of spider to give the best available care. Black widow spider bites will cause death to over 90 percent of the healthy adults they bite. An antivenom is available for black widow bites, and other treatment may be needed as well. Medical professionals will want to record the bite for other health officials and statistics.

An antivenom is available for black widow bites, and other treatment may be needed as well.

After removing a tick, which action would be most appropriate when giving care to the entry site? Applying an antiseptic and antibiotic ointment if possible Coating the site with petroleum jelly in case any part of the tick is left in the wound Immersing the wound area in a container of warm soapy water Applying a cold pack to prevent further infection

Applying an antiseptic and antibiotic ointment if possible

Infections from human bites are caused by which of the following? Bacteria in the saliva Mucus in the mouth HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) in the saliva Rabies virus in the saliva

Bacteria in the saliva

You are cleaning out the garage one morning. While moving some old pieces of wood, you get several small cuts on your hands. By the afternoon, one of the cuts is still hurting and a blood blister appears. The blister gets larger as the day goes on. You might suspect that you have been bitten by ___________________. Brown recluse spider Bee Mosquito Tick Coral snake

Brown recluse spider

Why is it important to tell a physician that you have been bitten by a tick? A physician can treat the rash that will develop in about 2 to 3 days. The infection can be passed from one person to another. If the tick carries Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease or another disease and you develop signs or symptoms of infection, a physician can treat you with appropriate antibiotics. Receiving no treatment or delayed treatment can cause serious complications. C & D

C & D

Which of the following is the best treatment for a scorpion sting? Apply an antiseptic and, if possible, an antibiotic to prevent infection. Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately. Wash the affected area in warm soapy water and apply a cold pack. Immobilize the affected part of the body and apply a warm compress.

Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately.

You are swimming in the ocean and receive a bite on the leg from something in the water. As you exit the water, you notice there is a red painful area where you think the bite occurred. What should you do? Call, or have someone else call, 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. Put vinegar on the wound to reduce the pain. Flush the area with cool fresh water to remove the venom. Immediately soak your leg in hot water.

Call, or have someone else call, 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.

Which of the following would be best to do if you encounter a snake while you are on a hiking trip? Jump up and down to scare the snake away. Spray it with snake repellent, then walk back the way you came. Stay very still until the snake leaves the area, then continue your hike. Check for other snakes, then turn and walk back the way you came. Call 911, reporting the location to the dispatcher.

Check for other snakes, then turn and walk back the way you came.

A wound from an animal bite is bleeding heavily. Which action would be most appropriate? Apply an antibiotic ointment or wound gel to a sterile dressing and then apply pressure. Apply a pressure bandage to constrict the blood vessels at the wound site. Control the bleeding, then seek medical care to have the wound cleaned. Wash the wound with soap and water, then control the bleeding. B & C

Control the bleeding, then seek medical care to have the wound cleaned.

What precaution would you take when applying an insect repellent containing DEET to children? Only apply the repellent to the children's clothing. Apply the repellent every 2 hours for the greatest effectiveness. Make sure children close their eyes tightly as you apply repellent to their faces. Do not apply repellent to the children's hands. All of the above

Do not apply repellent to the children's hands.

Your child is playing in the park and tells you that a squirrel bit him. What care would you give your child? Wash the wound in vinegar and tell your child not to play with squirrels. Get the child to professional medical care as soon as possible. Notify the fire department so they can capture the squirrel to have it tested for rabies. Take your child to try to capture the squirrel so it can be tested for rabies.

Get the child to professional medical care as soon as possible.

If you suspect that a person is showing signs or symptoms of West Nile virus, which of the following would you do? Recommend the person receive the vaccine to prevent progression. Assist the person in administering a medication auto-injector. Encourage the person to get a prescription for antibiotics. Have the person seek medical attention immediately. All of the above.

Have the person seek medical attention immediately.

A signal for a venomous snakebite may include- A blood-filled blister at the entry site. A venom sac that remains at the entry site. One or two distinct puncture wounds at the entry site. Swelling and discoloration that appears within 24 hours of the incident. All of the above

One or two distinct puncture wounds at the entry site.

Why is it important to ask a person who has an insect sting if they have had any prior serious reactions to insect stings? If the person has had a prior reaction, the caregiver should remove the stinger immediately. This information will tell the caregiver how to properly treat the current sting by soaking the entry site in hot water. If the person has had a prior serious reaction, the current sting may result in anaphylaxis; call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. In cases of a prior reaction, the caregiver should immediately apply ice to the entry site.

If the person has had a prior serious reaction, the current sting may result in anaphylaxis; call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.

A friend is stung on the arm by a jellyfish. Which of the following would be most appropriate to do immediately? Immobilize the arm and keep it lower than the heart. Apply fresh water to rinse off the stingers. Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. Irrigate the injured arm with large amounts of sea water.

Irrigate the injured arm with large amounts of sea water.

West Nile virus is caused by the bite of which of the following? Brown recluse spider Bee Mosquito Tick Raccoon

Mosquito

A sign of a snakebite may include: A rash that looks like a bull's-eye pattern on the skin. A venom sac that remains at the entry site. A blood-filled blister at the entry site. One or two distinct puncture wounds at the entry site. Red skin and blisters at the puncture site.

One or two distinct puncture wounds at the entry site.

Which of the following is the best way to remove an embedded tick from the skin? Scrape it away slowly and steadily using your fingernail or a plastic card. Pull slowly, steadily and firmly upward with fine-tipped pointed, non-etched, non-rasped tweezers as close to the skin as possible. Apply petroleum jelly to coat the tick, allowing the tick to then let go by itself. Apply both an antiseptic and antibiotic to the affected area to kill the tick so it can be washed away.

Pull slowly, steadily and firmly upward with fine-tipped pointed, non-etched, non-rasped tweezers as close to the skin as possible.

Which sign would suggest a less severe reaction to a bite or sting? Redness around the entry site. Redness throughout the body. Redness on one side of the body. Redness on the face or around the mouth. Red streaks.

Redness around the entry site.

Which of the following would most likely occur first if a person is bitten by a black widow spider? Muscle rigidity Dulling pain in the area Swelling at the site Sharp pinprick pain

Sharp pinprick pain

Which of the following is a signal for anaphylaxis? Swelling of the face, throat or tongue. Pain at the bite site. Swelling at the bite site. Redness at the bite site. All of the above

Swelling of the face, throat or tongue.

Which of the following statements is true about West Nile virus? Most people develop a characteristic rash in about 2 to 3 days. The risk of infection for most people is moderately high. The infection can be passed from one person to another. The majority of people infected have no signs or symptoms. A rash will appear in 2-3 days.

The majority of people infected have no signs or symptoms.

Why would you apply a cold pack to the entry site of a bite or sting? To neutralize any insect venom that entered the wound To reduce the possibility of anaphylaxis To prevent skin damage at the entry site To reduce pain and swelling in the affected area

To reduce pain and swelling in the affected area

It is difficult to distinguish highly poisonous scorpions from nonpoisonous scorpions. Therefore, all scorpion stings should be treated as medical emergencies.

True

True or false: The basic care for domestic and wild animal bites is the same as for a human bite.

True

True or false: You should remove any tentacles from a jellyfish sting by scraping the affected area with a towel, gloved hand or plastic card.

True

When applying a cold pack, you should place a cloth between the source of the cold and the skin to prevent damage to the skin.

True

How would you remove a bee stinger embedded in a person's skin? Use the edge of a plastic card or tweezers to scrape the stinger away. Use the point of a knife to gouge out the stinger. Use your fingernails to pull the stinger away from the skin. Use a rubbing motion with a protected hand to push the stinger away.

Use the edge of a plastic card or tweezers to scrape the stinger away.

Which of the following would be the least appropriate to use when giving care to a person with a sting from a stingray? Hot sand Tap water Vinegar Ocean water Neosporin

Vinegar

A child has been bitten by another child and there is minimal bleeding from the wound. Which action would be most appropriate to do first? Wash the area with soap and water. Wrap the wound in sterile gauze dressings. Apply an antibiotic ointment or wound gel. Minimize chance of shock. A & D

Wash the area with soap and water.

You call 9-1-1 for a person who has been bitten by a copperhead snake. While waiting for help to arrive, which of the following would you do? Apply suction to remove the venom from the wound. Apply cold to the affected area. Wrap the area with a tourniquet. Wash the site with soap and water. C & D

Wash the site with soap and water.

Which is the best care for someone with a snakebite? Apply ice to kill the venom and then transport the victim to the nearest medical facility. Suction the wound using the appropriate snakebite kit. Wash the wound, immobilize the affected part and call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. Constrict blood flow to the affected area and apply ice to slow the venom's effect.

Wash the wound, immobilize the affected part and call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.

What is the best way you can prevent insect or tick bites while hiking in the woods? Wear shorts to make the ticks easier to see. Wear dark-colored clothing. Wear loose-fitting clothing. Wear a long-sleeved shirt and long pants. B & D

Wear a long-sleeved shirt and long pants.

Which of the following would you not do for a venomous snakebite? apply ice suction the wound apply a tourniquet cut the wound all of the above

all of the above

For a snakebite, you should position the affected area ________ than the heart. higher lower at the same level 1 foot higher 1 foot lower

lower

Many puncture wounds, such as bites from domestic animals, wild animals and stings from marine life, such as stingrays, require professional medical attention as soon as possible to avert a potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system. This infection is called ________. antivenom tetanus meningitis anaphylaxis hives

tetanus