Fluid, Electrolyte, Acid/Base

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has kidney disease. What food choices should the nurse include in the teaching as containing the lowest amount of magnesium? a. 1 large hard-boiled egg b. 1 cup bran cereal c. 1/2 cup almonds d. 1 cup cooked spinach

a. 1 large hard-boiled egg

A nurse is planning care for a client who has experienced excessive fluid loss. What interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (select all) a. administer IV fluids to the client evenly over 24 hrs b. provide client with a salt substitute c. assess the client for pitting edema d. encourage the client to rise slowly when standing up e. weigh the client q8hrs

a. administer IV fluids to the client evenly over 24 hrs d. encourage the client to rise slowly when standing up e. weigh the client q8hrs

A nurse is assessing a client who has resp acidosis. What finding should the nurse expect? a. confusion b. peripheral edema c. facial flushing d. hyperreflexia

a. confusion

A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperkalemia. What finding should the nurse expect? a. decreased muscle strength b. decreased gastric motility c. increased heart rate d. increased BP

a. decreased muscle strength

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypomagnesemia. What finding should the nurse expect? a. hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes b. increased bowel sounds c. drowsiness d. decreased BP

a. hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes

While reviewing a client's lab results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8 mg/dL. What action should the nurse take? a. implement seizure precautions b. administer phosphate c. initiate diuretic therapy d. prepare client for hemodialysis

a. implement seizure precautions

A nurse is caring for a client who requires nasogastric suctioning. What sets of lab results indicates the client has metabolic alkalosis? a. pH 7.51, PaO2 94, PaCO2 36, HCO3 31 b. pH 7.48, PaO2 89, PaCO2 30, HCO3 26 c. pH 7.31, PaO2 77, PaCO2 52, HCO3 23 d. pH 7.26, PaO2 84, PaCO2 38, HCO3 20

a. pH 7.51, PaO2 94, PaCO2 36, HCO3 31

A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are pH 7.32, PaO2 74, PaCO2 56, HCO3 26. The nurse should interpret these lab values as what imbalance? a. resp. acidosis b. resp. alkalosis c. metabolic acidosis d. metabolic alkalosis

a. resp. acidosis

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide and notes that the client is confused and lethargic. What lab values should the nurse report to the provider? a. sodium 128 b. potassium 4.8 c. calcium 9.1 d. magnesium 2

a. sodium 128

A nurse is admitting a client who takes 40 mg furosemide daily for heart failure and has experienced 3 days of vomiting. The nurse suspects hypokalemia. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer? a. sodium polystyrene sulfonate 30 g/day b. 0.9% sodium chloride with 10mEq/L potassium chloride at 100mL/hr c. bumetanide 8 mg/day d. 100 mL dextrose 10% in water with 10 units of insulin

b. 0.9% sodium chloride with 10mEq/L potassium chloride at 100mL/hr

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and is receiving furosemide. What foods should the nurse recommend as containing the greatest amount of potassium? a. 1/2 cup chopped celery b. 1 cup plain yogurt c. 1 slice whole grain bread d. 1/2 cup cooked tofu

b. 1 cup plain yogurt

A nurse is caring for a client who reports difficulty breathing and tingling in both hands. His resp rate is 36 and he appears very restless. What values should the nurse anticipate to be outside the expected reference range if the client is experiencing resp alkalosis? a. PaO2 b. PaCO2 c. soium d. bicarbonate

b. PaCO2

A nurse is assessing a client who has a serum calcium level of 8.1 mg/dL. What finding is the priority for the nurse to assess? a. deep-tendon reflexes b. cardiac rhythm c. peripheral sensation d. bowel sounds

b. cardiac rhythm

A nurse is reviewing the lab report of a client who has fluid volume excess. What lab values should the nurse expect? a. hemoglobin 20 g/dL b. hematocrit 34% c. BUN 25 mg/dL d. urine specific gravity 1.050

b. hematocrit 34%

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing resp distress as a result of a PE. What actions should the nurse take first? a. assist with intubation b. initiate high-flow O2 therapy c. administer a rapid-acting diuretic d. provide cardiac monitoring

b. initiate high-flow O2 therapy

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for what finding? a. hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes b. orthostatic hypotension c. rapid, deep respirations d. strong, bounding pulse

b. orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving IV fluids to treat isotonic dehydration. What lab finding indicates fluid therapy has been effective? a. BUN 26 b. serum sodium 138 c. Hct 56% d. urine specific gravity 1.035

b. serum sodium 138

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving furosemide daily. During the morning assessment, the client tells the nruse that he is "feeling weak in the legs." What action should the nurse take first? a. monitor client's bowel sounds b. review client's daily lab results c. auscultate the client's lungs d. palpate the client's peripheral pulses

c. auscultate the client's lungs

A nurse is caring for a client who has dehydration and is receiving IV fluids. What assessing for complications, the nurse should recognize what manifestation as a sign of fluid overload? a. increased urine specific gravity b. hypoactive bowel sounds c. bounding peripheral pulses d. decreased resp rate

c. bounding peripheral pulses

A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA following a thoracotomy. The client is SOB, appears restless, and has resp rate of 28. The client's ABG results are pH 7.52, PaO2 89, PaCO2 28, HCO3 24. What action should the nurse take? a. instruct client to cough forcefully b. assist client with ambulation c. provide calming interventions d. discontinue the PCA

c. provide calming interventions

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is receiving regular insulin by continuous IV infusion to treat diabetic ketoacidosis. What finding should the nurse report to the provide? a. urine output 30 mL/hr b. BG 180 c. serum potassium 3.0 d. BUN 18

c. serum potassium 3.0

A nurse is assessing a client who has phosphorus level of 2.4 mg/dL. What finding should the nurse expect? a. hepatic failure b. abd. pain c. slow peripheral pulses d. increase in cardiac output

c. slow peripheral pulses

A nurse is providing teaching for a cleint who has venous insufficiency of the lower extremities. What statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. if my stockings feel tight, I'll just roll them down for a while b. I'll put on my elastic stockings at the first sign of swelling c. when I sit down to watch TV, I'll be sure to put my feet up d. It's okay to cross my legs as long as it's less than an hr

c. when I sit down to watch TV, I'll be sure to put my feet up

A nurse is preparing to administer oral potassium for a client who has potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L. What action should the nurse take? a. administer hypertonic solution b. repeat potassium level c. withhold medication d. monitor for paresthesia

c. withhold medication

A nurse is caring for a client who has sodium level of 155 mEq/L. What IV fluids should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe? a. dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride b. dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's c. 3% sodium chloride d. 0.45% sodium chloride

d. 0.45% sodium chloride

A nurse is teaching nutritional strategies to a client who has a low serum calcium level and an allergy to milk. What statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. I will eat more cheese because I cannot drink milk b. I need to avoid foods with vit D because I am allergic to milk c. I will stop taking my calcium supplements if they irritate my stomach d. I will add broccoli and kale to my diet

d. I will add broccoli and kale to my diet

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is at risk for developing resp acidosis following surgery. What statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. I should conserve energy by limiting my physical activity b. I will wait until my pain is at least 6 out of 10 before I use the PCA c. I will limit my daily fluid intake to 2-3 glasses d. I will use the incentive spirometer q hr

d. I will use the incentive spirometer q hr

A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. What assessment is priority? a. skin turgor b. urine output c. weight d. mental status

d. mental status

A nurse is reviewing the ABG results for four clients. What finding should the nurse idenitfy as metabolic acidosis? a. pH 7.51, PaO2 94, PaCO2 38, HCO3 29 b. pH 7.48, PaO2 89, PaCO2 30, HCO3 24 c. pH 7.36, PaO2 77, PaCO2 52, HCO3 26 d. pH 7.26, PaO2 84, PaCO2 38, HCO3 20

d. pH 7.26, PaO2 84, PaCO2 38, HCO3 20

A nurse is caring for a client who requires continuous cardiac monitoring. The nurse identifies a prolonged PR interval and a widened QRS complex. What lab values supports this finding? a. sodium 152 mEq/L b. chloride 102 mEq/L c. magnesium 1.8 mEq/L d. potssium 6.1 mEq/L

d. potssium 6.1 mEq/L