Focusing on Evidence Unit

A statistic that describes a sampled group is called __________. anecdotal inferential analogical descriptive

Descriptive

What do you need to do to avoid a floating quotation? rephrase each direct quotation in your own words give parenthetical citations for each direct quotation make sure each quotation is placed within a paragraph introduce and provide context for each quotation

Introduce and provide context for each quotation

How can you tell if an argument is sound? It is valid and has true premises. It has two premises and a conclusion. It has valid reasoning. It has effective rhetoric.

It is valid and has true premises

Which of the following is a fallacy of syllogism? non sequitur personal attack division argument from the negative

Non sequitor

What is a logical fallacy? a mistake in thinking or reasoning a system of thought analysis a true or false statement a process of reaching conclusions

A mistake in thinking or reasoning

Which action should you never take when selecting quotations? choosing the fewest words needed changing the meaning of the quotation by changing the context quoting long passages (block quotations) rarely adjusting the sentence to fit the grammar of the quotation

Changing the meaning of the quotation by changing the context

Every argument has a(n) fallacy supporter essay counterargument

Counterargument

Which type of reasoning is usually based on laws, rules, principles, generalizations, or definitions? valid inductive sound deductive

Deductive

What are the two types of statistics? observation and experiment descriptive and inferential observation and sampling illustration and analogy

Descriptive and inferential

Every argument should appeal to ethos, logos, and pathos mainstream beliefs fallacious logic extreme perspectives

Ethos, logos, and pathos

How do you summarize a passage? borrowing the exact words from the source restating a section of text from the source expressing the main ideas of the passage in your own words restating at least five facts in your own words

Expressing the main ideas of the passage in your own words

How do you know which counterargument to address? I choose the weakest counterargument to make my argument look better. I select the strongest or the most popular counterargument. Actually, it is best never to mention counter arguments because they are a distraction. I use the first one that comes to mind.

I select the strongest or most popular counterargument

Which type of reasoning is usually based on specific experiences or observations? sound deductive inductive valid

Inductive

Statistics that are used to draw conclusions about larger groups are called __________. inferential descriptive analogical anecdotal

Inferential

A statistic is a(n) __________ that describes groups or samples of objects. observation analogy number experiment

Number

In the MLA style, what are in-text citations called? parenthetical citations works cited entries brief sources anti-plagiarism notes

Parenthetical citations

Which logical fallacy often includes a premise that appeals to what is believed or done by the mainstream or the elite? hasty generalization popular appeal faulty analogy equivocation

Popular appeal

What do arguments consist of? logic false premises sounds propositions

Propositions

If a hard fact or visual representation of a fact is needed, which method of incorporating evidence would be most effective? summarizing providing data paraphrasing quoting

Providing data

How do you paraphrase a passage? expressing, in your own words, the main ideas of the passage restating, in your own words, a section of text from the source borrowing the exact words from the source restating at least five facts in your own words

Restating, in your own words, a section of text from the source

If you'd like to provide background information regarding a topic using a source, which method of incorporating evidence would be most effective? providing data paraphrasing quoting summarizing

Summarizing

How can you tell if an argument is valid? Valid arguments are always sound. The premises lead logically to the conclusion. Valid arguments are never sound. There are two premises and a conclusion.

The premises lead logically to a conclusion

What does it mean to rebut something? to strike with enough force to break an object to oppose using evidence or an argument to use an aggressive and intimidating tone to allow an opponent to win an argument

To oppose using evidence or an argument

What transforms a piece of information into evidence? when it comes from a reputable source when it is supported by a citation when it is used to support or refute something when it uses transitional words and phrases

When it is used to support or refute something

When should you concede to a counterargument? when your audience believes the counterargument when it's a controversial subject and you want to avoid hurt feelings when you discover that the counterargument is a logical fallacy when the counterargument has a relevant point

When the counterargument has a relative point