Food and Nutrition Exam 2

This vitamin is found in meat, potatoes and bananas. It makes hemoglobin for red blood cells and helps synthesize neurotransmitters. A deficiency results in rashes and scaly skin. a. vitamin B6 b. thiamin c. riboflavin d. niacin e. biotin

a

Which of the following are NOT characteristics of high (animal) protein diets? a. they are high in phytochemicals b. they increase risk for heart disease c. they can stress the kidneys d. they are linked to colon cancer e. they can increase bone loss

a

Which of the following is FALSE regarding wáter soluble vitamins? a. many require a carrier for transport in the blood b. risk for toxicity is low c. excess is excreted d. needed in frequent doses e. main role is in metabolism

a

Which of the following nutrients are often limiting (deficient) in a vegan diet? a. vitamin D b. vitamin C c. folate d. potassium e. sodium

a

Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the body? a. protects the body from temperature extremes b. cushions the internal organs from physical shock c. carries the water soluble vitamins d. provides the major material from which cell membranes are made e. provides much of the energy to fuel muscle work

c

Which of the following statements about trans fatty acids is true? a. they are made by the body to a large extent b. their amounts are never listed on food labels c. they arise when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated d. they occur naturally in foods to a large extent

c

Which of the following would typically contain cholesterol? a. avocados b. pasta with olive oil c. boiled shrimp d. French fries cooked in corn oil e. peanut butter

c

Which of the following would typically contain the most amount of fat? a. bananas b. whole wheat bread c. whole milk d. green beans e. corn on the cob

c

You have gone to the doctor recently, and she says you have high blood cholesterol. You have high LDL and low HDL. Which of the following would NOT be effective in improving your blood lipid profile? a. maintain a healthy body weight b. consume a variety of foods containing vitamin C and vitamin E c. include more saturated fats in your diet d. if you consume alcohol, do so in moderation e. all of the above would likely contribute to an improvement in your blood lipid profile

c

The vitamin, _________ requires Vitamin B12 to function. Green vegetables (e.g. raw spinach) are a good source of this vitamin. A decreased incidence in neural tube defects was associated with an increase of this vitamin in the US food supply. a. pantothenic Acid b. biotin c. thiamin d. folate e. vitamin C

d

This oil is monounsaturated and research suggests it may increase HDL cholesterol. a. coconut oil b. palm oil c. corn oil d. olive oil e. mink oil

d

This vitamin can be made from the amino acid, tryptophan, and a deficiency can result in dementia. a. vitamin D b. biotin c. thiamin d. niacin e. vitamin C

d

This vitamin maintains the sheath around nerve cells, and is found only in animal-based foods. a. vitamin A b. vitamin E c. folate d. vitamin B12 e. vitamin D

d

Which of the following lipoproteins carries cholesterol from body cells to the liver for disposal? a. chylomicron b. low density lipoprotein (LDL) c. very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) d. high density lipoprotein (HDL)

d

This nutrient is found widespread in foods, and its deficiency results in hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). a. pantothenic acid b. vitamin B12 c. niacin d. vitamin B6 e. biotin

a

This nutrient plays a role in vision and cell division, and a good source is fortified milk. a. vitamin C b vitamin B-6 c. vitamin A d. vitamin D e. vitamin E

c

A healthy adult who weighs 154 lbs (=70 kg) would have a protein RDA of a. 56 g b. 70 g c. 143 g d. 212 g e. none of the above

a

Excess amounts of this vitamin can reduce the effectiveness of anti-clotting medication. Good sources are GI bacteria and cabbage-like vegetables. a. vitamin K b vitamin B-12 c. vitamin A d. folate e. biotin

a

Ghrelin is a hormone secreted by the ________ to _______ hunger by activating specific brain cells. a. stomach...increase b. liver...increase c. gall bladder...decrease d. pancreas...decrease e. large intestine...increase

a

In general, adulthood represents a state of ____ nitrogen balance, while pregnancy represents a state of _____ nitrogen balance. a. zero...positive b. negative...positive c. positive...negative d. positive...zero e. negative...zero

a

In studies of genetics and obesity, it has been found that adopted children have body weights ___ their biological parents. a. similar to b. generally less than c. generally greater than d. unrelated to e. none of the above

a

Saturated fatty acids are ___________ at room temperature and contain ________ double bond(s). a. Solid...zero b. Solid...two or more c. Liquid...zero d. Gaseous... one e. Liquid...two or more

a

Scurvy, a deficiency of vitamin C, results in ___ a. bleeding gums b. visual loss c. brittle bones (we counted "c" as correct too) d. hair loss e. hypertension

a

Spinach, sweet potatoes and carrots provide large amounts of beta carotene, a precursor to a. vitamin A b. vitamin D c. vitamin C d. vitamin K e. vitamin F

a

Which of the following statements is true regarding protein needs and weight training? a. It is relatively easy to get enough protein from your diet (e.g. a couple of extra glasses of milk) to support increases in muscle for weight training for the average person b. Single amino acids should be taken that specifically help with muscle growth c. Protein powder, such as whey, will need to be added to you diet 3-4 times per day to get enough protein d. A combination of anabolic steroids with protein powder is the best way to increase muscle mass e. Single amino acids in combination with protein powder is the best way to increase muscle mass

a

enter a

a

It is important to consume adequate dietary carbohydrate a. to obtain all of the essential sugars b. to prevent dietary fat from being stored as body fat c. to spare protein from being burned for energy (prevent muscle wasting) d. because carbohydrate helps with absorption of vitamins e. to keep glycogen from building up too high

c

Maria wanted to lose some weight so she replaced the soft drinks in her diet with water. She is consuming 500 calories/day less than she used to. Assuming her activity level stays the same, in 4 weeks, how many pounds will she lose? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8

c

Of the 20 amino acids, ____ are essential and must be obtained in the diet. a. 0 b. 5 c. 9 d. 13 e. 20

c

Good sources for this nutrient are milk and milk products, and a deficiency results in cracks at the corners of the mouth. a. biotin b. riboflavin c. pantothenic acid d. vitamin C e. folate

b

In what form are (large) lipids carried in the bloodstream? a. Free triglycerides b. Lipoproteins c. Omega-3 fatty acids d. Free fatty acids e. Sterols

b

It is recommended that fish be consumed at least once/week because fish are a good source of a. fiber b. omega-3 fatty acids c. trans fats d. monounsaturated fats e. phospholipids

b

It is recommended that total fat consumption should be ___ of total kcalories, saturated fat consumption should be ___ or less of total kcalories and cholesterol intake should be less than ____ mg per day. a. 15-25% ....5%....100 b. 20-35%....10%....300 c. 25-40%....15%....200 d. 30-45%....20%....300 e. 35-50%....25%....100

b

Someone who follows a vegan diet can get adequate protein a. only by supplementing their diet with protein powder b. by eating complementary plant proteins c. only by eating meat occasionally d. only by eating eggs and/or dairy occasionally e. by eating large amounts of fruit

b

The most common type of fat found in both food and in the body is/are a. sterols b. triglycerides c. cholesterol d. phospholipids e. trans fatty acids

b

This vitamin can be found in nuts, seeds and whole grains and may decrease risk of heart disease. a. vitamin A b. vitamin E c. folate d. vitamin B12 e. vitamin D

b

This vitamin can be made in the body by exposure to sunlight and functions to maintain optimal blood calcium. a. vitamin C b. vitamin D c. folate d. vitamin E e. niacin

b

____ proteins supply all essential amino acids, while ____ proteins are low in one or more essential amino acids. a. Fish...meat b. Animal...most plant c. Most plant...animal d. Meat...dairy e. Raw...cooked

b

sulfur containing vitamin

biotin

A deficiency of this vitamin results in beriberi, and a good source is pork. a. vitamin A b. vitamin C c. thiamin d. niacin e. vitamin G

c

A healthy/normal Body Mass Index (BMI) is a. 5.5 - 5.9 b. 7.5 - 14.9 c. 10.5 - 17.9 d. 18.5 - 24.9 e. 25.5 - 29.9

d

Essential fatty acids include which of the following? a. linoleic acid b. linolenic acid c. hydrochloric acid d. a and b e. a, b and c

d

Plant sterols can be "heart healthy" because they can a. decrease absorption of triglycerides b. increasing clotting time of blood c. decrease blood pressure d. decrease absorption of dietary cholesterol e. decrease absorption of saturated fat

d

Saturated fats are generally found in animal products with a few exceptions. Which of the following is a plant product that contains a large proportion of saturated fat? a. Canola oil b. Olive oil c. Soybean oil d. Coconut oil e. Butter

d

A vegan would eat which the following foods? a. cheese pizza b. scrambled eggs c. boiled shrimp d. grilled steak e. kale salad

e

Functions of proteins include: a. building enzymes and some hormones b. building antibodies c. acid-base balance d. a & b e. a, b & c

e

Some benefits of a vegetarian diet include a. it is low in cholesterol and saturated fat b. it contains "healthy fats" c. it is high in fiber d. a and b e. a, b and c

e

This nutrient is found widespread in foods, a deficiency results in hair loss and it can be broken down by avidin. a. pantothenic acid b. vitamin B12 c. niacin d. vitamin B6 e. biotin

e

Which of the following is true of phospholipids? a. they are constituents of cell membranes b. they are emulsifying agents c. they contain nitrogen and phosphorous d. a and b e. a, b and c

e

Which of the following would have the LOWEST amount of protein? a. chicken b. eggs c. yogurt d. peanuts e. oranges

e

a deficiency of this vitamin can lead to pellagra

niacin

this vitamin helps in iron absorption

vitamin c

this vitamin protects vitamin a from oxidation

vitamin e

this vitamin plays a role in blood clotting

vitamin k