Foundations of Global Health Exam 2
The manner in which people and families care for illnesses is called...
Patterns of Resort
Which group of people is most likely to pass HIV on to others?
People who are asymptomatic
According to the diffusion of innovations model, what is LEAST likely to influence adopting behavioral change?
Perceived ecological impact of the innovation
What does NOT represent ethical principles for allocation of scarce resources?
Priority to the better off
The first pneumococcal vaccination was given in _______ in _________
Rwanda; 2009
All of the following are ethical issues that arise in research, especially in low and middle-income countries, EXCEPT:
Securing patents
A condition that is not required for clinical protocol is _______.
Social norm
The following elements belong to the interpersonal level of the Ecological Model, EXCEPT:
Social norms
According to the video, people in China, Vietnam and Cambodia resort to traditional healing practices because of:
Strong cultural influences
According to the video about Female Genital Mutilation, there is a line in the song that says 'today is the day for picking ripe mangos'. What does this mean?
That the clitoris is 'ripe enough' to be removed
Social networks and norms that exist formally or informally among individuals, groups, and organizations is an example of...
The community level of the ecological perspective
What prompted the Clinton Global Health Initiative University?
The destruction caused by hurricane Katrina
In the Andean region of Peru, which of the following is NOT a reason why women have traditionally given birth at home?
They do not believe in the value of biomedical birth practices
According to the video, an opportunity to end female genital mutilation in this area of Sierra Leone was by training former FMG practitioners in vocational schools as farmers.
True
According to the video, girls as small as two years old can get "circumcised" in Sierra Leone.
True
Despite many great strides in human rights up to the 1800s, human rights only applied to those in power, European colonists:
True
Suspending people's rights is acceptable if the government is only suspending those aspects necessary for the government to achieve its legitimate goals.
True
The goal of the Advance Market Commitments (AMC) is to motivate pharmaceutical companies to develop vaccines for the developing countries
True
True of False: Bill and Melinda Gates think it is NOT a favor to give their kids enormous wealth.
True
True or False: A research study can fail to be socially beneficial if the study's methodology is inadequate to answer the research questions.
True
True or False: GAVI is an international alliance with a mission to save children's lives and protect people's health by increasing access to immunization in poor countries.
True
True or False: The Advance Market Commitments (AMC) donors and GAVI made a commitment to buy vaccines, motivating pharmaceutical companies to produce them
True
True or False: The Gates philosophy is simply "our belief is that all lives, no matter where they're lived on the globe, have equal value."
True
True or False: The World Bank access the IFFIm fundings to provide economic resources to GAVI
True
Which human research study eventually led to the creation of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research?
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
Following World War II, what agency was founded "to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person"?
United Nations
What is the most significant international declaration that focuses on human rights?
Universal Declaration on Human Rights
Which disease is NOT one that is mentioned as being targeted by the Gates Foundation?
menigitis
According to Bill Clinton, an individual's responsibility in the 21st century, as a fundamental definition of citizenship, must include all of the following EXCEPT to be a....?
motivator
What is the most alarming concern for Melinda Gates in the United States?
only 1/3 of kids are prepared for college
Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 global priorities of the Gates Foundation?
poverty
Countries like Botswana had initially been counseled to spend the financial resources they had on ______ new infections rather than _____ those already sick.
preventing, treating
According to Bill Clinton, a fundamental definition of citizenship does not include being a ______.
productive person
Who should protect human rights?
regular persons, governments, and united nations
According to the lecture, culture can be defined as: "a set of ____________ shared by members of a society, which when acted upon by the members, produces behavior that falls within a range of variation the members consider ________________"
rules or standards; proper and acceptable
What is the only cure for guinea worm?
slowly extracting the worm
The video about Guinea Worm takes place primarily in what area?
southern sudan
The international mechanism now in place for reviewing compliance with treaties and conventions that include the right to health is ___________ reporting by countries.
voluntary
Which daughter of a former President is the president of the Global Health Corps?
Barbara Bush
The Burundi Breastfeeding study was based on an approach called...
Barrier analysis
Why is the age group for Global Health Corps applicants limited to 30 years and under?
Because they want to build the next generation of leaders in health
Where and when did the first African national AIDS treatment program start?
Botswana, 2002
All of the following factors make a program successful, EXCEPT:
Changing priorities
The Care Group Model is an example of promoting healthy behaviors at which level of the Ecological Model?
Community level
Who was the first ruler to declare that slaves were free to go, and that people had the freedom to choose their religion?
Cyrus the Great
The following are stages of change that are described in the Stages of Change Model, EXCEPT:
Diffusion and adoption of the innovation
The aim of the Tuskegee Study was to...
Document the natural history of syphilis
According to the video, among Native Americans, healing is something that you take care of on specific days and times according to their traditional calendar.
False
According to the video, some people from Southeast Asia feel that the idea of going to the physician when they are perfectly fine is an excellent one which fits perfectly their cultural preferences.
False
True or False: The Clinton Global Initiative has many ideas that improve quality of life worldwide. However, environmental health is not a priority of this initiative.
False
True or False: The Stages of Change Model states that health behavior depend on the perceptions people have about the likelihood of getting the illness, the severity of the illness if they get it, the benefits of engaging in behavior that will prevent the illness, and the barriers to engaging in preventive behavior.
False
True or False: The goal of the Advance Market Commitments (AMC) is to motivate developing countries to develop vaccines for the pharmaceutical companies.
False
True or False: There are many international mechanisms for holding countries accountable for ensuring that they honor the human right to health.
False
Evidence exists that __________ can explain why it is observed that men are more likely to be infected early in an Ebola outbreak, whereas the number of female cases is far greater than that of male cases over the course of the entire outbreak.
Gender Roles
Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies used by the Botswana government to overcome the problems with people accessing testing and treatment?
Going door to door with HIV testing kits
The three global priorities of the Gates Foundation are.
HIV/AIDS, Malaria, mother and child deaths
Which of the following is NOT an ethical concern raised through instituting a country-wide HIV testing policy, as was the case in Botswana?
Higher risks for healthcare workers to be exposed to HIV
Midwives, herbalists, shamans, and bonesetters are examples of what kind of health service providers?
Indigenous
The treaty that focuses on the rights of equality, liberty, security, and freedom of movement, religion, expression, and association was adopted and ratified by 160 countries in 1966. What is this treaty called?
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Which government supported the Advance Market Commitments (AMC) for pneumococcus vaccine?
Italy
According to the lecture, all of the following are part of the 4 major theories of health behavior EXCEPT:
Linear Regression Model
According to the video, healthcare workers in Philadelphia County do not know how to communicate with their refugee population at which levels?
Linguistic and Cultural
What young lawyer from India organized a civil resistance to liberate his/her country from European colonization?
Mahatma Ghandi
The following are health consequences seen after practicing Female Genital Mutilation, EXCEPT:
Marital fidelity
Pneumococcal vaccine will be available ______years earlier because of the Advance Market Commitments (AMC).
10
According to the four basic ethical principles of scarce resource allocation, which patient would you prioritize for treatment?
20-year-old pregnant teacher with HIV living below the poverty line: for ART
The Carter Center has efffectively reduced the incidence of guinea worm cases from 2.5 million cases to ___________ cases in the world.
2500
The cost of the HepB vaccine has gone down ____ thanks to the GAVI alliance intervention
64%
According to the video, What is Bondo?
A rite of passage that involves Female Genital Mutilation
A person who has just started using nicotine patches to quit smoking would be assigned to which of the following stages of the Stage of Change Model:
Action
Why didn't people in Botswana use the clinics and medicines when they first became available?
All of the choices are correct
The high price of _____ is, in part, a function of the _____ system.
Anti-Retroviral Therapy; Patent
