French Revolution

National Assembly

a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people

Napoleanic Code

a new code of laws based on Enlightenment ideas; such as, equality of all citizens, religious tolerance. Women lost many newly gained rights.

Coup d'etat

a sudden overthrow of the government

Austria declared war on France

because they were scared the revolutionary ideas would spread

Estates General Voting

each estate got one vote, 3rd would get outvoted by 2nd and 1st

Lycees

french government-run public schools

Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

king and queen of France were spending much of France's money on themselves not on helping the citizens= citizens uprising= death of king and queen by guillotine

1st Estate

the clergy of the church; 1% of population; paid no taxes

Concordat

the peace agreement made between Napoleon and the Pope following the chaos of the French Revolution.

National Convention

Frances new government--> A republic

Louisiana Territory

Napoleon Bonaparte sold this land to the United States for 15 million dollars in 1803; he gained money to finance operations in Europe

Emigres

Nobles, clergy, and others who had fled France and its revolutionary forces--> Supporters of the Monarchy

san-clouttes

Supporters of the Revolution

2nd Estate

"The Nobles"---Make up 2% of population, but owns 25% of land. Paid no taxes

Storming of the Bastille

Destruction of the prison, and a symbolic destruction of tyranny

Positives of Napoleon's rule

-improved education -creation of the bank of france -everyone had to pay taxes -napoleonic code: clear + equal laws -increased size of french empire

Negatives of Napoleon's rule

-militaristic dictatorship -limited freedom of speech -enemies + critics were executed of jailed -forced french men to join the army -continued fighting in european wars

Women's Bread March on Versailles

7,000 Parisian women marched to Versailles demanding more bread, so Louis XVI agrees to sanction the decrees of assembly, and the royal family settles into the Tuileries palace in Paris.

Napolean Bonaparte (1769-1821)

A French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century.

Maximillian Robespierre

A Jacobin who led the Committee of Public Safety and wanted to kill any opposers to the revolution

Plebiscite

A direct vote in which a country's people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal

Battle of Tafalgar

A naval battle between Napoleon and Britain. A large loss for Napoleon

Tennis Court Oath

A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution

Great Fear

A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after the storming of the Bastille in 1789

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

Adopted August 26, 1789, created by the National Assembly to give rights to all (except women).

Estates General

An assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France. 2 v. 1

France's Problems

Bad harvest, high taxes, and high prices on bread

3rd Estate

Bourgeoisie, Peasants, and City workers--97% of the population

Reign of Terror

This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used the Committee of Public Safety to create a "Republic of Virtue." [basically killing everyone who was against the revolution]

Haitian Revolution

Toussaint l'Ouverture led this uprising, which in 1790 resulted in the successful overthrow of French colonial rule on this Caribbean island of Haiti