Fruits and Vegetables Study Guide

How long should fresh produce be kept?

4 days

At what temperature should ripe fruit be stored?

41 degrees F or higher

Fruits that need to ripen should be stored at what temperature?

65-70 degrees F

What helps fruits retain their structure when cooking?

Acid

Rome and Granny Smith are varieties of ______________________.

Apples

Which vegetable is used to make guacamole?

Avocado

Which class of vegetables includes broccoli and cauliflower?

Flower

For which type of cooking method are large green tomatoes best suited?

Frying

What effect does acid have on fruits?

Helps them retain their structure

To keep fresh fruit from turning brown, coat it with ______________________.

Lemon juice

Which type of vegetable is a mushroom?

Stem

Which type of vegetable is a turnip?

Root

Which type of vegetable is corn?

Seed

___________________ vegetables include peas and corn.

Seed

Why is it important to store fruits and vegetables separately?

Some fruits such as apples and bananas release ethylene gas. This causes unripe fruits to ripen and ripe fruits to spoil.

Which type of fruit is a grape?

Summer

Haricot verts is a variety of ______________________.

Bean

Citrus fruits are abundant in vitamin _________.

C

What does it mean when canned products are rated U.S. Grade A Fancy?

They are of the highest quality

Which type of fruit is a banana?

Tropical

Which type of vegetable is a carrot?

Tuber

Sticks or pieces of raw vegetables served with a dipping sauce are called __________________.

crudite

Cutting a product into cubes with a chef's knife is called ______________________.

dicing

____________________ is the finishing technique that gives vegetables a glossy appearance.

glazing

Vegetables are grown indoors year-round, under regulated temperatures and light, in nutrient enriched water through _______________________________________.

hydroponic farming

Bibb and romaine are varieties of __________________________.

lettuce

Which cutting technique is commonly used on smaller foods, such as garlic and herbs?

mincing

A sign of good-quality blueberries is ______________.

not too much moisture

A sugar snap is a variety of _________________.

pea

In which cooking method is fruit cooked in simmering liquid?

poaching

__________________is a cooking method that cooks food in vacuum sealed plastic pouches at low temperatures for long times.

sous vide

Cooks can tell whether a vegetable is done cooking by the vegetable's appearance and its _________________.

texture

What happens when some fruits emit ethylene gas?

they cause other fruits to ripen

A sauce made by simmering dried fruits, such as apricots, currants, and raisins, is called _________________.

compote

Which cooking method is used to make tempura vegetables?

Deep frying

Fruits that have a central pit enclosing a single seed are known as __________________.

Drupes

Black Beauty and Japanese are varieties of ____________________.

Eggplant

What is the chemical process that occurs when oxygen in the air comes in contact with the flesh of cut fruit?

Enzymatic browning

What is the natural form of sugar found in fruits?

Fructose

Which vegetable classification is an avocado?

Fruit

Honeydew and Crenshaw are varieties of _________________________.

Melon

Bermuda and pearl are varieties of __________________________.

Onion

What category of fruit includes peaches, nectarines, and apricots?

Orange drupes

Bosc and d'Anjou are varieties of ________________________.

Pear

Red Spanish and Cayenne are varieties of __________________.

Pineapple

Dried plums are called __________________.

Prunes

Which cooking method quickly and partially cooks a vegetable in water or oil?

blanching

Before serving any fruit—raw or cooked—the fruit must be __________________.

Cleaned

Which type of fruit is an apple?

Winter

Which cooking method cooks food in a hot or moderate oven with little or no additional liquid added?

baking