Fundamental of Nursing Adaptive Quiz

A nurse in a provider's office is measuring a client and notes a loss in height from the previous year. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following musculoskeletal system disorders? A. Osteoporosis B. Scoliosis C. Kyphosis D. Lordosis

A. Osteoporosis

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and is at risk of falling. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assign the client to a private room B. Keep 4 side rails up while the client is in bed C. Monitor the client at least once every hour D. Request a PRN prescription for restraints

C. Monitor the client at least once every hour

A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. Which of the following actions should the nurse have the client perform just before inserting the catheter? A. Swallow water B. Prepare for a painful sensation C. Hold her breath D. Bear down gently

D. Bear down gently

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has heart failure. The client has gained weight since her last visit, and her ankles are edematous. Which of the following findings is another clinical manifestation of fluid volume excess? A. Sunken eyeballs B. Hypotension C. Poor skin turgor D. Bounding pulse

D. Bounding pulse

A nurse is changing the dressings for a client recovering from an appendectomy following a ruptured appendix. The client's surgical wound is healing by secondary intention. Which of the following observations should the nurse report to the provider? A. Tenderness when touched B. Pink, shiny tissue with a granular appearance C. Serosanguineous drainage D. Halo of erythema on the surrounding skin

D. Halo of erythema on the surrounding skin

A nurse is caring for a client who requires wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Tie a secure knot with the restraint straps B. Attach the restraints' straps to the bedside rails C. Make sure 3 fingers fit beneath the restraints D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr

D. Remove the restraints at least every 2 hr

A nurse is preparing to administer an afternoon dose of ampicillin to a client. The client appears upset and refuses to take the medication before throwing the pill on the floor. Which of the following entries should the nurse enter into the client's medical record? A. The client refused to take medication today B. The client stated, "I will not take this pill." C. The client seemed angry and hostile D. The client threw the medication on the floor

D. The client threw the medication on the floor

A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client. Which of the following responses by the nurse reflects the communication technique of clarifying? A. "Now that we have talked about your medications, let's talk about your pain." B. "Are you having other symptoms?" C. "It sounds like your pain is intermittent." D. "It seems as though you have really had a rough time these past few weeks."

C. "It sounds like your pain is intermittent."

A nurse on a surgical unit is receiving a client who had abdominal surgery from the postanesthesia care unit. Which of the following assessments should the nurse make first? A. Pain level B. Hydration status C. Airway D. Urinary output

C. Airway

During a physical examination of a client, the nurse suspects strabismus. Which of the following tests should the nurse use to collect additional data? A. Confrontation test B. Symmetry of palpebral fissures C. Corneal light reflex D. Accommodation test

C. Corneal light reflex

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has a positive Chvostek's sign. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect? A. Decreased calcium B. Decreased potassium C. Increased potassium D. Increased calcium

A. Decreased calcium

A nurse is teaching a middle-aged adult client about health promotion and disease prevention. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following changes could occur? A. Decreased estrogen and testosterone production B. Increased tone of the large intestines C. Increased percentage of the body's muscle mass D. Decreased incidence of chronic illnesses

A. Decreased estrogen and testosterone production

A nurse is providing oral care for a client who is unconscious. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place the client in a lateral position with the head turned to the side before beginning the procedure B. Use the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open C. Rinse the client's mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash following the procedure D. Cleanse the client's mucous membranes with lemon-glycerin sponges

A. Place the client in a lateral position with the head turned to the side before beginning the procedure

A nurse is collecting health history data from a client who is deaf and uses American Sign Language (ASL) to communicate. The nurse will be working with an ASL interpreter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when working with the interpreter? A. Face away from the client to avoid distraction. B. Pace speech to allow time for the interpreter to convey the words. C. Make eye contact with the interpreter when explaining the procedure. D. Stand in the background while the interpreter translates the message.

B. Pace speech to allow time for the interpreter to convey the words.

A nurse is evaluating a client's use of crutches. The nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the client indicates safe usage of this equipment? A. The client places a crutch on each side when assuming a sitting position. B. The client moves the unaffected leg onto a step first when descending stairs. C. The client places weight on the axillae when walking. D. The client has slightly flexed elbows when ambulating with the crutches.

D. The client has slightly flexed elbows when ambulating with the crutches.

A nurse is planning care for a client who is confused and requires a prescription for wrist restraints. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Renew the prescription for the use of restrains within 24 hr B. Secure the restraint with the buckle side next to the client's skin C. Ensure 4 fingers can be inserted under the secured restraint D. Remove the restraint every 3 hr

A. Renew the prescription for the use of restrains within 24 hr

A nurse is conducting an admission interview with a client. Which of the following pieces of assessment information should the nurse collect during the introductory phase of the interview? A. Client's level of comfort and ability to participate in the interview B. Previous illnesses and surgeries C. Events surrounding the client's recent illness D. Sociocultural history

A. Client's level of comfort and ability to

A nurse is measuring a client's vital signs and notices an irregularity in the pulse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Measure the pulse using a Doppler ultrasound stethoscope B. Check the client's pedal pulses C. Count the apical pulse rate for 1 full min and describe the rhythm in the chart D. Take the pulse at each peripheral site and count the rate for 30 sec

C. Count the apical pulse rate for 1 full min and describe the rhythm in the chart

A nurse is performing eye irrigation for a client who was exposed to smoke and ash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Hold the irrigator 1.25 cm (0.5 in) above the eye B. Direct the irrigation solution up toward the upper eyelid C. Exert pressure on the bony prominences when holding the eyelids open D. Direct the irrigation from the outer canthus to the inner canthus of the eye

C. Exert pressure on the bony prominences when holding the eyelids open

A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to a client who has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the following selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. Cream of rice B. Cottage cheese C. Gelatin D. Ice cream

C. Gelatin

A nurse is preparing to perform mouth care for an unresponsive client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? A. Place the client supine. B. Keep both side rails up. C. Raise the level of the bed. D. Inspect the client's mouth using a finger sweep.

C. Raise the level of the bed.

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative and has a history of poor nutritional intake. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to promote wound healing? A. Limit total caloric intake to 25 kcal/kg of body weight B. Provide an intake of 500 mg/day of vitamin E C. Limit fluid intake to 20 mL/kg of body weight per day D. Provide a protein intake of 1.5 g/kg of body weight per day

D. Provide a protein intake of 1.5 g/kg of body weight per day

A Nurse is replacing the surgical dressings on a client who had abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Don clean gloves to remove the old dressing B. Loosen the dressing by pulling the tape away from the wound C. Remove the entire old dressing at once D. Open sterile supplies after applying sterile gloves

A. Don clean gloves to remove the old dressing

A nurse is supervising a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a client with streptococcal pharyngitis and is on transmission-based precautions. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of droplet precautions? A. Shaking soiled linen before putting it in a hamper B. Removing a face mask when standing 0.5 m (1.6 ft) from the client C. Assigning another client with the same infection to share the room with the client D. Allowing the client to visit a family member in the lobby of the facility

C. Assigning another client with the same infection to share the room with the client

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit observes smoke billowing from a client's room. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Close the door to the client's room. B. Evacuate the client from the room. C. Sound the fire alarm. D. Activate the fire extinguisher.

B. Evacuate the client from the room.

A nurse is admitting a client who has measles. Which of the following types of transmission precautions should the nurse initiate? A. Airborne B. Droplet C. Contact D. Protective environment

A. Airborne

A nurse is caring for a client who reports not sleeping at night, which interferes with her ability to function during the day. Which of the following interventions should the nurse suggest to this client? A. Avoid beverages that contain caffeine B. Take a sleep medication regularly at bedtime C. Watch television for 30 min in bed to relax prior to falling asleep D. Advise the client to take several naps during the day

A. Avoid beverages that contain caffeine

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an obstruction of the flow of the vitreous humor in the eye. This manifestation is consistent with which of the following eye disorders? A. Retinopathy B. Glaucoma C. Cataracts D. Macular degeneration

B. Glaucoma

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid-volume excess. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Crackles in the lung fields B. Flat neck veins C. Postural hypotension D. Dark yellow urine

A. Crackles in the lung fields

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute renal failure. Which of the following assessments provides the most accurate measure of the client's fluid status? A. Daily weight B. Blood pressure C. Specific gravity D. Intake and output

A. Daily weight

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The client reports flank pain, and the nurse notes reddish-brown urine in the client's urinary catheter bag. The nurse recognizes these manifestations as which of the following types of transfusion reactions? A. Hemolytic B. Febrile C. Circulatory overload D. Sepsis

A. Hemolytic

A nurse is preparing to administer an otic antibiotic to an adult client who has otitis media. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? A. Hold the dropper 1 cm (0.5 in) above the ear canal during administration B. Apply pressure to the nasolacrimal duct following administration C. Place a cotton ball into the inner ear canal for 30 minutes following administration D. Straighten the ear canal by pulling the auricle down and back prior to administration

A. Hold the dropper 1 cm (0.5 in) above the ear canal during administration

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing stress and anxiety regarding a recent diagnosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Increased blood pressure B. Decreased blood glucose level C. Decreased oxygen use D. Increased gastrointestinal motility

A. Increased blood pressure

A nurse is changing the bed linens for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform? A. Place the soiled linens on the chair while making the bed B. Hold the linens away from the body and clothing C. Place the linens on the floor until a linen bag is available D. Shake the clean linens to unfold

B. Hold the linens away from the body and clothing

A nurse is assessing a client's incision and observes the drainage to be blood-tinged. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this finding? A. Sanguineous B. Purulent C. Serous D. Hyperemia

A. Sanguineous

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dysrhythmias. Upon entering the room, the nurse discovers the client is unresponsive to verbal or painful stimuli, has no respirations, and is pulseless. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Start chest compressions B. Provide breaths with a manual resuscitation bag C. Administer oxygen D. Establish an airway

A. Start chest compressions

A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed RBCs to a client. Which of the following pieces of information must the nurse verify with another nurse prior to the administration? (Select all that apply.) A. The client's ID number B. The client's room number C. The client's name D. ABO compatibility E. Rh compatibility

A. The client's ID number C. The client's name D. ABO compatibility E. Rh compatibility

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a single-lumen nasogastric (NG) tube for gastric decompression. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A. Set the suction machine at 120 mmHg B. Provide oral hygiene frequently C. Measure the amount of drainage from the NG tube every shift D. Secure the NG tube to the client's gown E. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares

B. Provide oral hygiene frequently C. Measure the amount of drainage from the NG tube every shift D. Secure the NG tube to the client's gown

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a vaginal hysterectomy and asks for a drink. Her postoperative diet prescription states "clear liquids; advance diet as tolerated." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Lunch trays should be here within the hour." B. "I am going to listen to your abdomen." C. "I'll get you some water to drink." D. "Let's wait a bit so you don't feel sick."

B. "I am going to listen to your abdomen."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult client about personal safety. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will have the steps to my house painted a dark color." B. "I will put a night-light in the hallway." C. "I will put on socks when I get out of bed." D. "I will secure any wires in my home under rugs."

B. "I will put a night-light in the hallway."

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a long-term care facility. The nurse should understand that which of the following clients is eligible for hospice services at this time? A. A client who has multiple sclerosis and uses a wheelchair B. A client who has end-stage cirrhosis C. A client who has hemiplegia due to a stroke D. A client who has cancer and receives weekly radiation therapy

B. A client who has end-stage cirrhosis

A nurse is implementing cold therapy for a client who has an ankle sprain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Apply a cold pack to the edematous area B. Check capillary refill before applying an ice pack to the affected area C. Half-fill an ice pack with crushed ice D. Apply an ice pack for 60 min intervals

B. Check capillary refill before applying an ice pack to the affected area

A nurse is caring for an adult client who has an NG tube in place and a prescription for continuous enteral feedings. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform to reduce the client's risk of aspiration? A. Irrigate the tubing with 30 mL of sterile water B. Elevate the head of the bed to 30° or 45° C. Suggest changing the feeding to lactose-free formula D. Warm the enteral formula to room temperature before feeding

B. Elevate the head of the bed to 30° or 45°

A nurse is assessing a client who reports nausea and vomiting for 2 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit? A. Decreased urine specific gravity B. Increased heart rate C. Decreased hematocrit D. Increased skin turgor

B. Increased heart rate

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dysphagia following a cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when assisting the client at mealtime? A. Encourage the client to drink fluids before swallowing food B. Offer the client tart or sour foods first C. Tilt the client's head backward when swallowing D. Turn on the television

B. Offer the client tart or sour foods first

A nurse is caring for a client who reports using several herbal medicines. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Discourage the use of unregulated medications and supplements B. Verify the herbal supplements do not interact with medications the provider has prescribed C. Tell the client to limit the number of herbal supplements to no more than 2 D. Describe the dangers of taking plant-derived medications and supplements

B. Verify the herbal supplements do not interact with medications the provider has prescribed

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and will be caring for herself at home. The client expresses concerns about preparing an appropriate diet for her diabetes due to her cultural beliefs and preferences. Which of the following responses should the nurse offer? A. "The home health dietitian will visit and help you learn to cook all over again." B. "The dietitian will give you a list of foods and dietary choices to keep your diabetes under control." C. "The dietitian will help you choose foods you are used to that also meet your health needs." D. "It may be difficult, but I know you can change your eating and cooking habits with some help from the dietitian."

C. "The dietitian will help you choose foods you are used to that also meet your health needs."

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV fluid replacement. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as infiltration of the IV infusion site? A. Redness at the IV catheter entry site B. Palpable cord along the vein used for the infusion C. Taut skin around the IV catheter site that is cool to the touch D. Bleeding at the IV insertion site

C. Taut skin around the IV catheter site that is cool to the touch

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is washing her hands prior to assisting with a surgical procedure. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates proper surgical handwashing technique? A. The nurse washes each part of her hands with 5 strokes. B. The nurse washes from the elbows down to the hands. C. The nurse holds her hands higher than her elbows while washing. D. The nurse uses minimal friction when washing her hands.

C. The nurse holds her hands higher than her elbows while washing.