Fundamentals - LP 4, 5, 6

Subcultures

groups within a larger culture or social system that have some characteristics that are different from those of the dominant culture

Minority groups

made up of individuals who share race, religion or ethnic heritage

Ongoing planning

planning carried out by any nurse who interacts with the patient to keep the plan up to date, to facilitate the resolution of health problems, to manage risk factors, and to promote function

Implementation

Action phase when you carry out or delegate actions you previously planned

Planning interventions

Choose interventions to help client achieve stated goals

Planning outcomes

Decide goals you want to achieve with your nursing activities

Dominant culture

group that has the most authority or power to control values and reward or punish behaviors

How is the nursing process related to critical thinking?

Nursing is a problem-solving process that uses many individual critical thinking skills

Five Rights of Delegation

Right Task Right Circumstances Right Person Right Direction/Communication Right Supervision/Evaluation

What are model concepts?

Thinking, doing, caring, patient situation

Ethnocentrism

a tendency to think that our own culture is superior to other cultures

What is critical thinking?

A combination of: Reasoned thinking Openness to alternatives Ability to reflect A desire to seek truth

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: Adolescents

False confidence - feel indestructible Risk-taking behaviors Most lack adult judgment

LIVE Model

Like Inquire Visit Experience

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: Older Adults

Loss of muscle strength, joint mobility, slowing reflexes, sensory loss

Archetype

something recurrent, based on facts

Evolution of Nursing Diagnosis

"The diagnosis and treatment of human response to actual or potential health problems." (ANA, 1980) 1980s: Most state nurse practice acts began to designate nursing diagnosis as an exclusive responsibility of registered professional nurses.

What is the correct order of steps of the nursing diagnostic process? 1. Cluster data. 2. Formulate nursing diagnoses. 3. Interpret the meaning of the data. 4. Identify the client's needs. 5. Look for defining characteristics. 6. Assess the client's health status. 7. Validate the data with other sources.

1. Assess the client's health status. 2. Validate the data with other sources. 3. Interpret the meaning of the data. 4. Cluster data. 5. Look for defining characteristics. 6. Identify the client's needs. 7. Formulate nursing diagnoses.

A child being treated with cardiac drugs developed vomiting, bradycardia, anorexia, and dysrhythmias. Which drug toxicity is responsible for these symptoms? 1. Digoxin 2. Nesiritide 3. Dobutamine 4. Spironolactone

1. Digoxin Digoxin helps improve pumping efficacy of the heart, but overdose can cause toxicity leading to nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, anorexia, and dysrhythmias.

When creating a care plan, which describes outcomes that can be influenced by nursing interventions? 1. Discharge readiness goals 2. Nurse-sensitive outcomes 3. Diagnostic statements 4. Critical pathways

2. Nurse-sensitive outcomes Nurse-sensitive outcomes are influenced by nursing interventions, such as skin remaining intact or increased mobility.

When working with a postoperative bariatric client, how can the nurse promote client participation and adherence to the nursing plan? Select All That Apply. 1. Ensure the client feels comfortable asking questions. 2. Keep the instructions simple, clear, and as specific as possible. 3. Determine if the client's goals for weight loss are the same as those in the nursing plan. 4. Help the client set realistic goals. 5. Carry out goal implementation and interventions even when client doesn't "feel like it."

1. Ensure the client feels comfortable asking questions. 2. Keep the instructions simple, clear, and as specific as possible. 3. Determine if the client's goals for weight loss are the same as those in the nursing plan. 4. Help the client set realistic goals. 1: It is important that the client understands instructions and feels comfortable asking questions for clarification. 2: By keeping instructions clear, simple, and specific, the client will be able to demonstrate understanding of what is expected. 3: In order for the client to be successful in reaching goals and outcomes, he or she must have the same goals and focus as the nursing plan. 4: Realistic goals are instrumental to compliance and adherence in order to yield positive outcomes.

Which features distinguish nursing diagnoses from medical diagnoses? Select all that apply. 1. Nursing diagnoses involve the client when possible. 2. Nursing diagnoses are based on results of diagnostic tests and procedures. 3. Nursing diagnoses are the identification of a disease condition in the client. 4. Nursing diagnoses involve the sorting of health problems within the nursing domain. 5. Nursing diagnoses involve clinical judgment about the client's response to health problems.

1. Nursing diagnoses involve the client when possible. 4. Nursing diagnoses involve the sorting of health problems within the nursing domain. 5. Nursing diagnoses involve clinical judgment about the client's response to health problems. Establishing a nursing diagnosis is the second step in the nursing process. It is unique and involves the client's participation in the process. Nursing diagnoses classify health problems to be treated primarily by nurses. The nurse reviews the client assessment, sees cues and patterns in the data, and identifies the client's specific health care problems. The nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about the client's actual or potential health problems that the nurse is licensed to treat. A medical diagnosis is based on results of diagnostic tests and procedures, whereas a nursing diagnosis is based on the results of the nursing assessment. A medical diagnosis identifies a disease condition in the client.

Which step of the nursing process is directly affected if the nurse does not make a nursing diagnosis? 1. Planning 2. Evaluation 3. Assessment 4. Implementation

1. Planning The planning phase of the nursing process is directly affected if the nurse does not make a nursing diagnosis. The nurse cannot plan or interpret correctly if the client's problems are not clear.

While helping a postsurgical client ambulate, the nurse notices the client becomes short of breath with little exertion. Which is the next step in the nursing process for this client? 1. Reevaluating and creating a new nursing diagnosis and outcome 2. Continuing with the current nursing plan but with modifications 3. Starting over in the assessment process to recreate the nursing plan so it is effective 4. Creating a new intervention based on the current status of client

1. Reevaluating and creating a new nursing diagnosis and outcome Creating a new nursing diagnosis based on the current findings will allow the nurse to implement new interventions and outcomes.

A mother complains that her child's teeth have become yellow in color. With prolonged use, which medication may be responsible for the child's condition? 1. Tetracycline 2. Promethazine 3. Chloramphenicol 4. Fluoroquinolones

1. Tetracycline When administered to neonates and infants, tetracycline may cause staining of developing teeth. Promethazine can cause respiratory depression in children under 2 years of age. Chloramphenicol can cause Gray baby syndrome, and fluoroquinolones may cause tendon rupture in pediatric clients.

Which feature is characteristic of a risk nursing diagnosis? 1. The diagnosis does not have related factors. 2. The diagnosis can be used in any health state. 3. The defining characteristics support the diagnostic judgment. 4. The defining characteristics are supported by a client's readiness.

1. The diagnosis does not have related factors. A risk nursing diagnosis describes human responses to health conditions that may develop in a vulnerable individual, family, or community. Risk diagnoses do not have related factors or defining characteristics because they have not occurred yet. A risk diagnosis has risk factors that help the nurse plan preventive measures.

Which is the best explanation of the difference between a medical diagnosis and a nursing diagnosis? 1. A medical diagnosis defines an illness or disease with a certain pathology, while a nursing diagnosis is geared toward the client's health status and how a nurse can help independently. 2. A medical diagnosis is made by a physician, and a nursing diagnosis is created by a nurse. 3. A medical diagnosis involves interventions and medical treatment, and a nursing diagnosis involves client comfort and activities of daily living. 4. A medical diagnosis determines the nursing diagnosis, while the nursing diagnosis has no bearing on the medical diagnosis.

1. A medical diagnosis defines an illness or disease with a certain pathology, while a nursing diagnosis is geared toward the client's health status and how a nurse can help independently. A medical diagnosis describes a disease, illness, or injury, and the purpose is to find pathology. A nursing diagnosis is a statement of client health status that nurses can identify, prevent, or treat independently.

What does the nurse know is true about conducting the nursing assessment? Select All That Apply. 1. Assessments must be completed within 24 hours of inpatient admission. 2. Assessment cannot be delegated to others. 3. All clients are assessed for pain, nutritional status, and risk for falls. 4. Vital signs can always be conducted by nursing assistive personnel. 5. Assessments are not required for clients who are not being admitted. 6. Administering a sedative to the client

1. Assessments must be completed within 24 hours of inpatient admission. 2. Assessment cannot be delegated to others. 3. All clients are assessed for pain, nutritional status, and risk for falls. 1: Nursing assessments must be conducted as soon as possible after admission and within 24 hours. 2: Legally, a professional nurse must perform the assessment portion of the nursing process. 3: According to the standards of practice set forth by The Joint Commission, all clients are to be assessed for pain, nutritional status, and any risk for falls.

What are the benefits of using standard formal nursing diagnostic statements? Select all that apply. 1. Fosters development of nursing knowledge 2. Allows nurses to communicate with the client 3. Provides precise definition of the client's problem 4. Distinguishes the nurse's role from that of other care providers 5. Enables the primary healthcare provider to deliver effective health care

1. Fosters development of nursing knowledge 3. Provides precise definition of the client's problem 4. Distinguishes the nurse's role from that of other care providers The use of standard formal nursing diagnostic statements fosters the development of nursing knowledge, which is important to be able to assess a client's specific risk for problems, identify them early, and take preventive action. Nursing diagnostic statements provide precise definitions of the client's problem. They give the nurses and other members of the healthcare team a common language for understanding the client's needs.

During a client's appointment at the women's clinic, she states her menstrual flow is very heavy, occurs about every 3 weeks, and is accompanied by severe abdominal cramping. The breast exam is normal, and the results of the Pap smear are normal. However, the client's hemoglobin level is low, and the nurse suspects the heavy menstrual bleeding may be causing anemia. Which information is considered primary data? Select All That Apply. 1. Heavy menstrual flow every 3 weeks with severe abdominal cramping 2. Normal breast exam 3. Normal Pap smear 4. Evidence of link between anemia and heavy menstruation 5. Low hemoglobin

1. Heavy menstrual flow every 3 weeks with severe abdominal cramping 4. Evidence of link between anemia and heavy menstruation 1: Subjective and objective information from the client and nurse is considered primary data. 4: Subjective and objective information from the nurse and client is considered primary data.

What does the evaluative statement, "Circulation status: 3," mean according to the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC)? 1. The client's circulation is moderately compromised. 2. The client's circulation is minimally compromised. 3. The client's circulation is not compromised. 4. The client's circulation should be rechecked in 3 hours.

1. The client's circulation is moderately compromised. On the NOC scale, a status of 3 is a moderate deviation from the norm.

A nurse has delegated the task of turning a client every 2 hours to a nursing assistant in order to prevent skin breakdown. Who has accountability for the actions being performed and the outcome? 1. The nurse who delegated the task 2. The nursing assistant to whom the task is delegated 3. The charge nurse, who is accountable for all activity on the unit 4. The physician, as the leader of the health-care team

1. The nurse who delegated the task Although tasks can be delegated, nursing care decisions are not, and the nurse has ultimate accountability for the actions taken and the outcomes.

Five Major Categories of Critical Thinking

1. Contextual awareness 2. Inquiry 3. Considering alternatives 4. Examining assumptions 5. Reflecting critically

During an assessment, the nurse notes that the client has an elevated temperature. Which type of data is this? 1. Subjective 2. Objective 3. Secondary 4. Reported

2. Objective Objective data is measurable or observable data. An elevated temperature is obtained by measurement.

Which statement best describes a diagnostic label? 1. It is a condition that responds to nursing interventions. 2. It describes the essence of the client's response to health conditions. 3. It describes the characteristics of the client's response to health conditions. 4. It is identified from the client's assessment data and associated with the diagnosis.

2. It describes the essence of the client's response to health conditions. A diagnostic label is the name of the nursing diagnosis as approved by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I). It describes the essence of the client's response to health conditions in as few words as possible.

Which client is likely to have a health promotion nursing diagnosis? 1. The client with acute pain due to appendicitis. 2. The client who is willing to take a 30-minute walk daily. 3. The elderly client with dementia admitted to the healthcare facility. 4. The client with reduced cognitive ability while recovering from surgery.

2. The client who is willing to take a 30-minute walk daily. A health promotion nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment of an individual's desire to increase well-being. A client who is willing to take a 30-minute walk daily is expressing a desire to improve health behavior. The nurse identifies a health promotion nursing diagnosis for this client. Acute pain due to appendicitis is an actual nursing diagnosis. The nurse selects an actual nursing diagnosis when there is sufficient assessment data to establish the nursing diagnosis. It describes the client's response to a particular health condition.

Which related factor is appropriate for a nursing diagnosis? 1. Prostectomy 2. Trauma of incision 3. Acute renal failure 4. Knee replacement surgery

2. Trauma of incision The related factor or etiology of a nursing diagnosis is always within the nursing domain. The nurse must ensure that the related factor is a condition that responds to nursing interventions. Trauma of incision is an appropriate related factor for a nursing diagnosis. A prostectomy is a medical condition that cannot be influenced by nursing actions. Similarly, acute renal failure is also a medical condition. Nursing interventions should be directed towards behaviors or conditions that can be managed or treated by the nurse. Knee replacement surgery is a medical condition that cannot be managed by nursing interventions.

Throughout a nurse's shift, a client has increasing shortness of breath and labored breathing associated with coughing. The client requires frequent repositioning and assistance with activities of daily living. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? 1. Ineffective airway clearance 2. Ineffective breathing pattern 3. Ineffective coping mechanism 4. Potential for injury

2. Ineffective breathing pattern The client has increased difficulty breathing, which is becoming less effective. The appropriate nursing diagnosis is related to the breathing pattern.

Which is an example of a nurse using subjective data to clarify objective data? 1. The nurse palpates the client's knee after the client complains of pain and swelling. 2. The nurse notes the client has a rash and asks the client if the rash is itching. 3. The nurse notices a mole with an irregular border and documents this finding. 4. The nurse notices the client has a cough and checks the medical record to see if the client is a smoker.

2. The nurse notes the client has a rash and asks the client if the rash is itching. The rash is an objective finding. Any complaint of itching is subjective.

A client has a history of falling while playing football and now reports pain in the nose and difficulty breathing. What condition may the client have? 1. Crepitus 2. Sinusitis 3. Fracture of the nose 4. Upper respiratory tract infection

3. Fracture of the nose Fractures of the nose often result from injuries received during falls, sports activities, car crashes, or physical assaults. Nose fractures may lead to difficulty in breathing.

The nurse is developing a nursing diagnosis for a client after surgery. The nurse documents the "related to" factor as first time surgery. Which assessment activity enabled the nurse to derive this conclusion? 1. The nurse notes nonverbal signs of discomfort. 2. The nurse observes the client's position in bed. 3. The nurse asks the client to explain the surgery. 4. The nurse asks the client to rate the severity of pain.

3. The nurse asks the client to explain the surgery. The nurse must assess the client's knowledge about the surgery to determine if the client is aware of the outcome of surgery. The nurse observes for nonverbal signs of discomfort because some clients may not state that they are in pain. The nurse observes the client's positioning in bed to determine any abnormal signs such as discomfort or pain. The nurse asks the client to rate the severity of pain to determine a nursing diagnosis of pain related to a surgical wound.

Which describes the correct way to state a nursing diagnosis? 1. Medical diagnosis and problem list linked by a connecting phrase 2. Medical diagnosis and medical history linked by etiology 3. A problem and an etiology linked by a connecting phrase 4. A problem and a medical diagnosis linked by a connecting phrase

3. A problem and an etiology linked by a connecting phrase A nursing diagnosis is a statement of a problem with etiology and a connecting phrase, such as "related to."

What should the nurse do when the defining characteristics of assessment data for a client can apply to more than one diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1. Reassess the client. 2. Reject all diagnoses. 3. Gather more information. 4. Identify related factors. 5. Review all defining characteristics.

3. Gather more information. 4. Identify related factors. 5. Review all defining characteristics. The nurse must gather more information to clarify interpretations of assessment data. Correct interpretation of information allows the nurse to select the right diagnosis that applies to the client. A related factor is a condition or etiology that gives a context for the defining characteristics. The nurse should identify related factors to individualize a nursing diagnosis for the client. The nurse should review all the defining characteristics, eliminate irrelevant ones, and confirm the relevant ones. The nurse must interpret the data to form data clusters only after reassessing and validating it. At this stage, the nurse should have only validated assessment data in the database. The nurse need not reject all diagnoses. The nurse should review all the defining characteristics to support or eliminate the irrelevant ones.

A nurse notes that a client newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema has been seen by the respiratory therapist, who taught and provided materials on oxygen use. The nurse observes the client is not using the cannula as directed and notes that the client is removing it when visitors are present. The nurse explains how important using the oxygen is, reviews proper cannula placement, and communicates the assessments and teaching to the respiratory therapist. Which type of intervention has this nurse implemented? 1. Independent 2. Dependent 3. Interdependent 4. Autonomous

3. Interdependent When working collaboratively with others, nurses are implementing interdependent, or collaborative, interventions.

A nurse has created a plan of care that involves assisting a client with ambulation. She attempts to get the client out of bed, but the client is obese and unable to move without pain. What action should the nurse take? 1. Change the outcome goals. 2. Document the attempt to ambulate the client. 3. Request assistance with ambulating the client. 4. Amend the nursing diagnosis and interventions.

3. Request assistance with ambulating the client. The nurse should obtain the necessary assistance to ambulate the client, and make every effort to meet the outcome goals.

A client is admitted for a hip fracture following a fall at home. The client has surgery to repair the fracture and is getting ready for discharge. The client is using a walker to ambulate and working with physical therapy. Which is an important consideration for this client for discharge planning? 1. Ability to pay for continued physical therapy 2. Community resources available 3. The safety and physical layout of the home environment 4. Compliance with follow-up appointments

3. The safety and physical layout of the home environment The ability of the client to live and function in his or her own home is a very important consideration. If the client is using a walker, and the home has stairs or narrow hallways, this should be considered prior to discharge.

Which diagnosis made by the nurse is helpful in providing the right nursing interventions for the client? 1. The nurse understands that the client has pain due to a tracheostomy. 2. The nurse identifies that the client is anxious about the cardiac catheterization. 3. The nurse realizes that the client has diarrhea and needs the bedpan frequently. 4. The nurse identifies that the client is not aware of perineal care and has impaired skin integrity.

4. The nurse identifies that the client is not aware of perineal care and has impaired skin integrity. The nurse observes that the client has impaired skin integrity due to lack of knowledge about perineal care. The nurse identifies the need for educating the client about perineal care. This nursing diagnosis is correct as it will help enhance the client's health outcomes. The nursing diagnosis should identify the problem caused by a treatment such as tracheostomy, not the treatment itself.

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about factors that influence sleep. Which scenario explained by the registered nurse is an example of a lifestyle factor? 1. "A client complains of trouble falling asleep because he or she is thinking about stress at work." 2. "A client in the intensive care unit says he or she has not been able to sleep properly because of noises and disturbances." 3. "A client who has been taking antidepressants complains of excess drowsiness and lack of sleep." 4. "A client who works irregular rotating overnight shifts complains of difficulty sleeping through the night and fatigue."

4. "A client who works irregular rotating overnight shifts complains of difficulty sleeping through the night and fatigue." An individual's lifestyle can influence his or her sleep patterns. Working irregular rotating overnight shifts will throw off a client's biological clock, disrupting sleep. This is an example of a lifestyle factor.

The nurse is aware that the nursing diagnosis should follow the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I) label. How should the nurse document the nursing diagnosis in a three-part format? 1. NANDA-I label, related factor, and etiologies 2. NANDA-I label, risk factor, and nursing interventions 3. NANDA-I label, related factor, and nursing interventions 4. NANDA-I label, related factor, and defining characteristics

4. NANDA-I label, related factor, and defining characteristics The three-part nursing diagnosis label consists of the NANDA-I label, related factor, and defining characteristics. This format is also known as the problem, etiology, and symptoms (PES) format. The nurse does not document the nursing diagnosis as NANDA-I label, related factor, and etiologies. A related factor is a condition or etiology that gives a context for the defining characteristics. The nurse does not document the nursing diagnosis as NANDA-I label, risk factor, and nursing interventions. A risk for nursing diagnosis uses the risk factor instead of related factor. Nursing interventions are not included in a nursing diagnosis. Therefore, the nurse does not document the nursing diagnosis as NANDA-I label, related factor, nursing interventions.

A nurse is performing an assessment on a client who has been admitted for hip replacement surgery the next day. The client is tearful and appears very anxious. The nurse is considering "anxiety" as a nursing diagnosis but does not have enough information. Which would be the appropriate action? 1. Assume the anxiety is related to surgery. 2. Inform the physician that the client is anxious. 3. Ask the client to try to remain calm during the assessment. 4. Ask the client if there is anything in particular he or she is anxious about.

4. Ask the client if there is anything in particular he or she is anxious about. Asking open-ended questions can help identify specific reasons for anxiety, and the nurse can direct teaching and interventions toward alleviating anxiety based on the etiology.

Which describes the central source of information needed to guide holistic, goal-oriented care to address the client's unique needs? 1. Comprehensive assessment 2. Nursing diagnosis 3. Collaborative assessment 4. Comprehensive nursing care plan

4. Comprehensive nursing care plan The comprehensive nursing care plan is used as a guide to address the client's unique needs and establish goals.

Which is a valid goal statement for measuring and managing pain? 1. The client will not complain of pain. 2. The nurse will administer pain medication as ordered. 3. The client will have minimal pain. 4. The client will report pain greater than level 4 to the nurse.

4. The client will report pain greater than level 4 to the nurse. The client reporting pain greater than a specific level is a valid, measurable goal.

What is the nursing process?

A systematic problem-solving process that guides all nursing actions

What is full spectrum nursing?

A unique blend of thinking, doing, and caring for the purpose of affecting good outcomes from a patient situation

Types of Nursing Diagnoses

Actual Risk Possible Wellness Syndrome

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what is the appropriate order of priority of the client needs? Falls prevention Support group Adequate hydration A vase of flowers Medication teaching

Adequate hydration Falls prevention Support group Medication teaching A vase of flowers

What are the phases of the nursing process?

Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation

Delegation

CANNOT delegate any intervention that requires independent specialized, nursing knowledge, skill or judgment

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: Infants/Toddlers

Cannot recognize danger Tactile exploration of environment Totally dependent

Evaluation

Final phase: judge whether your actions have successfully treated or prevented the client's health problems

Assessment

First phase: Data gathering

Problem Urgency

High priority: Life-threatening Medium priority: Not a direct threat to life, but may cause destructive physical or emotional changes Low priority: Requires minimal supportive nursing intervention

Vulnerable Populations

Homeless Poor Mentally ill People with physical disabilities Young Elderly Some ethnic/racial minority groups

Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, place the nursing diagnoses in order of priority. Ineffective airway clearance Risk for fall Deficient fluid volume Ineffective breathing pattern Impaired memory Wandering

Ineffective airway clearance Ineffective breathing pattern Deficient fluid volume Risk for fall Wandering Impaired memory

LEARN Model

Listen Explain Acknowledge Recommend Negotiate

Types of Assessment

Initial Ongoing Comprehensive Focused Special Needs

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: Adults

May be exposed to workplace injury Lifestyle choices impact health Decline in strength/stamina for some

What's the difference between medical assessment and nursing assessment?

Medical assessment - focuses on the disease and pathology Nursing assessment - focuses on client's responses to illness

Differentiating Diagnoses - Medical or Nursing

Medical diagnosis - describes a disease, illness or injury Nursing diagnosis - a statement fo client health status that nurses can identify, prevent or treat independently

NANDA-I

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International

Why is critical thinking important for nurses?

Nurses apply knowledge to provide holistic care Nursing is an applied discipline Nursing uses knowledge from other fields Nursing is fast-paced

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: Preschoolers

Play extends to outdoors More adventurous

What are nursing interventions?

Purpose: to achieve client outcomes Also called nursing actions, measures, strategies, activities Based on clinical judgment and nursing knowledge Reflect direct and indirect care

Diagnosis

Second phase: Identify client's health needs

Resources to Guide Nurses in Delegating

State Nurse Practice Acts Agency policies/procedures Accrediting agencies American Nurses Association (ANA)

What is diagnosing?

Using critical thinking skills to identify patterns in the data and draw conclusions about the client's health status Includes strengths, problems, and factors contributing to the problems

Different kinds of nursing knowledge

Theoretical knowledge Practical knowledge Self-knowledge Ethical knowledge

Long-Term Goals

To be achieved over a longer period of time (week, month, or more)

Short-Term Goals

To be achieved within a few hours or days

What is the purpose of the nursing process?

To help the nurse provide goal-directed, client-centered care

Developmental Factors Affecting Safety: School-age children

Try new activities without practice More time outside the home Stranger danger

Health problem

condition related to health requiring intervention if disease or illness is to be prevented or resolved and coping and wellness are to be promoted

Bicultural

describes a person who identifies with two cultures and integrates some of the values and lifestyles of each into his life

NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis: Components

diagnostic label, definition, defining characteristics, related factors, risk factors

Initial planning

planning that addresses each problem listed in the prioritized nursing diagnoses and identifies appropriate patient goals and the related nursing care

The most correct definition of "critical thinking" is:

purposeful, analytical thinking that results in a reasoned decision

Multicultural

refers to many cultures and is used to describe groups rather than individuals

Safety

the condition of being safe from undergoing or causing hurt, injury, or loss

Culture specifics

values, beliefs, and practices that are special or unique to a culture

Culture universals

values, beliefs, and practices that people from all cultures share

Stereotypes

widely held but oversimplified beliefs that have no basis in fact